To compare the effects of targeting lower or higher arterial oxygen saturations on the rate of death or disability in extremely preterm infants, Schmidt and coauthors conducted a multinational randomized trial in 1201 infants. In an Editorial, Bancalari and Claure discuss the translation of these results into clinical practice.

Doig and coauthors investigated outcomes for adult patients in intensive care units who received early parenteral nutrition because of relative contraindications to early enteral nutrition. The multicenter, randomized, single-blind clinical trial included 1372 patients in 31 community and tertiary hospitals in Australia and New Zealand.

In a trial to determine whether early vs late tracheostomy was associated with lower mortality among adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation, Young and coauthors randomly assigned 455 patients to receive the procedure in fewer than 4 days after intubation and 454 to receive it after 10 days.

To examine the effects of escitalopram vs placebo on mental stress–induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) and other psychological stress–related biophysiological and emotional parameters, Jiang and coauthors randomly assigned 127 patients with clinically stable coronary heart disease and MSIMI to receive escitalopram or placebo for 6 weeks.

Cheifetz reviews the diagnosis and management of Crohn disease, including discussion of newer treatments and goals of care.