TY  - JOUR
T1  - MAternal cocaine use during early pregnancy as a risk factor for congenital urogenital anomalies
AU  - Chávez GF, Mulinare J, Cordero JF
Y1  - 1989/08/11
N1  - 10.1001/jama.1989.03430060091031
JO  - JAMA
SP  - 795
EP  - 798
VL  - 262
IS  - 6
N2  - To study the association of maternal cocaine use during early pregnancy with the occurrence of congenital urogenital anomalies, we analyzed data from the population-based Atlanta Birth Defects Case-Control Study. We identified 276 and 791 case-babies with urinary and genital anomalies, respectively, who were live born and stillborn to residents of metropolitan Atlanta from 1968 through 1980. There were 2835 and 2973 respective control-babies born without birth defects randomly selected through birth certificates. Maternal cocaine use during early pregnancy was defined as reported use at any time from 1 month before the pregnancy began through the first 3 months of pregnancy. We found a statistically significant association of reported cocaine use with an increased risk for urinary tract defects (crude odds ratio, 4.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 17.24) and no statistically significant association with genital organ defects (odds ratio, 2.26; confidence interval, 0.67 to 7.62). The findings from this study were consistent with a previously reported association of maternal cocaine use and urinary tract anomalies in animal and clinical studies.(JAMA. 1989;262:795-798)
SN  - 0098-7484
M3  - doi: 10.1001/jama.1989.03430060091031
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03430060091031
ER  -