TY  - JOUR
T1  - MAnagement of varicose veins and venous insufficiency
AU  - Hamdan A
Y1  - 2012/12/26
N1  - 10.1001/jama.2012.111352
JO  - JAMA
SP  - 2612
EP  - 2621
VL  - 308
IS  - 24
N2  - Chronic venous disease, reviewed herein, is manifested by a spectrum of signs and symptoms, including cosmetic spider veins, asymptomatic varicosities, large painful varicose veins, edema, hyperpigmentation and lipodermatosclerosis of skin, and ulceration. However, there is no definitive stepwise progression from spider veins to ulcers and, in fact, severe skin complications of varicose veins, even when extensive, are not guaranteed. Treatment options range from conservative (eg, medications, compression stockings, lifestyle changes) to minimally invasive (eg, sclerotherapy or endoluminal ablation), invasive (surgical techniques), and hybrid (combination of ≥1 therapies). Ms L, a 68-year-old woman with varicose veins, is presented. She has had vein problems over the course of her life. Her varicose veins recurred after initial treatment, and she is now seeking guidance regarding her current treatment options.
SN  - 0098-7484
M3  - doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.111352
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.111352
ER  -