RT Journal
A1 Gheorghiade M, Braunwald E
T1 A proposed model for initial assessment and management of acute heart failure syndromes
JF JAMA
JO JAMA
YR 2011
FD April 27
VO 305
IS 16
SP 1702
OP 1703
DO 10.1001/jama.2011.515
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.515
AB 
Acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) have been defined as new-onset or recurrence of worsening signs and symptoms of HF necessitating urgent or emergency management.1 More than 1 million hospital admissions occur annually for AHFS both in the United States and in Europe.2 Initial management of AHFS has changed little over the last decades.3 Although patients with AHFS experience symptomatic improvement during hospitalization, the postdischarge rehospitalization rate and mortality within 60 to 90 days remain as high as 30% and 15%, respectively.4