RT Journal
T1 NEw instruments.
JF Journal of the American Medical Association
JO Journal of the American Medical Association
YR 1889
FD March 9
VO XII
IS 10
SP 357
OP 358
DO 10.1001/jama.1889.02400870033012
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1889.02400870033012
AB NASAL SPECULUMS. 
    BY CARL H. von KLEIN, A.M., M.D.,OF DAYTON, OHIO.The experience of physicians in examining the anterior parts of the nasal cavities has been of an unsatisfactory character, from the fact that the numerous nasal speculums now in the hands of the physicians are, in my humble judgment, torturing apparatuses.They are all made, in one way or another, with two or more prongs or blades, which are introduced into the nostril and dilated, either with a thumb-screw or spring, until the instrument is self-retaining. A diseased lining of the nose cannot stand much dilatation without severe pain, in many cases the pain is so intense that the patient grasps the operator by the hands and begs not to be hurt.Nervous patients become anxious to get through with their examination. In nine cases out of ten the blades or prongs slip out, and the physician prays