RT Journal A1 FRIEDRICH PL T1 THoracic surgery JF Journal of the American Medical Association JO Journal of the American Medical Association YR 1909 FD December 11 VO LIII IS 24 SP 1970 OP 1975 DO 10.1001/jama.1909.92550240001001e UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1909.92550240001001e AB While fully appreciating the distinction conferred on me by your call to read a paper before this meeting on the present state of thoracic surgery, I realize that the prescribed time limit demands a concise handling of this subject. My assistant, Dr. Sauerbruch, was enabled to tell you last year at Chicago of his own ingenious studies and experiences, so that I can briefly dismiss the details of the method of operating under positive and negative pressure.The surgery of the lung and the heart, as well as of the mediastinum, the diaphragm and the esophagus, are entitled to the greatest interest and attention, the outcome being governed by the manner of surgical interference. All these fields accordingly become criteria of eminent rank for the quality of our technic.Surgical intervention on the affections of the lung may be classified under four different headings:I. Intrapulmonary interference with diseased