RT Journal
A1 Flood FB
T1 ALbuminuria and hematuria in boxers
JF Journal of the American Medical Association
JO Journal of the American Medical Association
YR 1959
FD November 21
VO 171
IS 12
SP 1678
OP 1679
DO 10.1001/jama.1959.73010300001014
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1959.73010300001014
AB The literature contains only a few reports concerning albuminuria and hematuria in boxers. The first article, reporting on 103 boxers, appeared in 1954.1 Since then, only one further study has been made, on a larger series of 764 fighters.2 A recent Army boxing tournament at Fort Bliss, Texas, afforded the opportunity to study the problem further; the present study is the first report concerning amateur boxers.Materials and Method 
    Forty-three paired specimens of urine were obtained from 35 boxers, one before and one immediately after each bout. Five boxers fought two bouts and one participated in three bouts. The urine specimens were tested for blood with the benzidine test and screened for albumin with use of Uristix strips. We used the criteria of Hepler3 who stated that results of the benzidine test for blood are considered positive only if the urine contains 12 or more erythrocytes per