RT Journal A1 Radford MJ, Foody JM T1 HOw do observational studies expand the evidence base for therapy? JF JAMA JO JAMA YR 2001 FD September 12 VO 286 IS 10 SP 1228 OP 1230 DO 10.1001/jama.286.10.1228 UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.10.1228 AB The impressive advances in cardiovascular therapy during the last several decades owe a great deal to randomized trials.1 The foundation for 21st-century cardiovascular care has been laid, therapy by therapy, through the disciplined application of randomized trial methodology to important scientific insights and therapeutic uncertainties. The random assignment of patients to receive one care strategy or therapy vs another has allowed investigators to separate consistent therapeutic efficacy "signals" from the "noise" of patient variability and physician bias.