RT Journal
A1 Glezen W
T1 INfluenza
JF JAMA
JO JAMA
YR 2009
FD March 18
VO 301
IS 11
SP 1175
OP 1177
DO 10.1001/jama.2009.336
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.336
AB 
The first chapter describes the discovery of the influenza virus—a discovery that required establishing that the virus was filterable through pore sizes that would not allow passage of bacteria. French investigators observed influenza-like illnesses in 2 primates and 1 human volunteer inoculated with filtrates, but the most convincing evidence was provided by Japanese scientists during the 1918 pandemic. Filtrates inoculated by various routes into healthy volunteers produced disease in all except those who had recovered from natural influenza. The next step in establishing the etiology was based on the work of Richard Shope and his mentor Paul Lewis of the Rockefeller Institute. Shope studied outbreaks of influenza-like illness in pigs in Iowa in 1930. He was able to reproduce the disease in pigs with filtered secretions from those naturally infected. The swine influenza virus that he recovered is now known to be almost identical to the 1918 human pandemic virus.