RT Journal
A1 Lonn EM
T1 MUltivitamins in prevention of cardiovascular disease
JF JAMA
JO JAMA
YR 2012
FD November 7
VO 308
IS 17
SP 1802
OP 1803
DO 10.1001/jama.2012.28259
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.28259
AB 
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death and disability globally1 and affects more than 50% of men and 40% of women during their lifetimes.2 Despite remarkable scientific advances, in 2008 CVD accounted for 1 of every 3 deaths in the United States and for health care costs estimated at close to $300 billion.3 The major risk factors for CVD are well known but remain ubiquitous in populations. For example, about one-third of US adults (>75 million) have hypertension; more than 20% smoke; more than one-third (>78 million) are obese; 8% (>18 million) have diagnosed diabetes, with similar rates of undiagnosed diabetes and an additional 35% with prediabetes; 15% have high cholesterol levels; and, in the 2009-2010 NHANES survey, 46.5% (102.5 million) had at least 1 major risk factor among uncontrolled blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and current smoking.3- 4 These risk factors are also major contributors to other chronic diseases such as cancer, depression, arthritis, kidney disease, and cognitive decline.