RT Journal
A1 Lauer MS
T1 TIme for a creative transformation of epidemiology in the united states
JF JAMA
JO JAMA
YR 2012
FD November 7
VO 308
IS 17
SP 1804
OP 1805
DO 10.1001/jama.2012.14838
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.14838
AB 
In 1948, when Barkley was elected vice president (under President Harry S Truman), the National Heart Institute launched the Framingham Heart Study, an innovative and now internationally recognized population-based epidemiological project that brought together prominent scientists with members of the community of Framingham, Massachusetts. Thirteen years later, in 1961, the Framingham investigators introduced the term risk factor into the medical lexicon.2 They described the links between incident coronary heart disease and hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy. Later reports described other risk factors, including smoking and diabetes. These early discoveries led to further research in risk factor elucidation and management, management that has contributed to the remarkable 50-year decline in cardiovascular mortality in the United States.3