RT Journal
A1 Carek PJ, Futrell M
T1 CArdiovascular screening of high school athletes
JF JAMA
JO JAMA
YR 1999
FD February 17
VO 281
IS 7
SP 607
OP 608
DO 10-1001/pubs.JAMA-ISSN-0098-7484-281-7-jbk0217
UL http://dx.doi.org/10-1001/pubs.JAMA-ISSN-0098-7484-281-7-jbk0217
AB 
While the effectiveness of the PPE in detecting physical
abnormalities serious enough to limit athletic participation has been
demonstrated, the PPE may not predict or help prevent many athletic
injuries.3 The medical value of these examinations has
little outcomes-based evidential support. In addition, the PPE has an
unfavorable cost-benefit ratio even if costs are carefully
controlled.4 Although the high school forms were described
as "abbreviated and may be inadequate," we are not aware of any
studies that demonstrate that the morbidity or mortality rates from
high school athletics vary from state to state depending on the content
or presence of the PPE. Furthermore, this statement perpetuates in
clinicians an opinion we found evident in college-aged student athletes
that the PPE prevents or helps to prevent injuries when there is no
clear evidence to support this assumption.2