0
Letters |

Diet and Physical Activity Interventions in Severely Obese Adults

Luca Alessandro Gondoni, MD; Antonio Liuzzi, MD
JAMA. 2011;305(6):563-564. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.82
Text Size: A A A
Published online

To the Editor: The randomized trial by Dr Goodpaster and colleagues1 demonstrated a significant improvement in weight and cardiovascular risk in severely obese subjects who underwent a 1-year intensive lifestyle intervention consisting of diet and physical activity.

Randomized clinical trials are often the best approach to study the effect of therapeutic interventions. However, selection of the population for a trial involves excluding a variable proportion of patients, which can make it difficult to translate the results into clinical practice. This is particularly the case when dealing with a behavioral intervention.

For this study, 595 participants were considered eligible, but only 130 (21.8%) were eventually randomized. One group of 190 patients was excluded “after a brief explanation of study and initial assessment of eligibility.” This requires further explanation. Were they not severely obese? If they were, why did they not participate? A second group of 178 candidates was excluded because they “did not attend” or were “not interested.” These are patients for whom intervention might be beneficial but who might be harder to motivate. Finally, another group of 97 patients was also excluded for issues such as withdrawal, adherence issues, diabetes, and hypertension. These exclusions are a concern because obesity is a cause of social disparities, and an unfavorable social environment is a potential contributor to the development of obesity.2 4 Participants who are more predisposed to become obese may also be less inclined to attend a trial.

In our uncontrolled case series published in 2008,5 we documented a 1.3-point reduction in body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) in the short term, and after a median of 358 days, only 21% of the patients who were studied continued to lose weight. The results are similar to those of Goodpaster et al1 in a different population. Despite this, we think that the authors should be more cautious in their conclusions since their results apply to a selected minority of the potentially eligible population.

AUTHOR INFORMATION

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and none were reported.

REFERENCES

Goodpaster BH, Delany JP, Otto AD,  et al.  Effects of diet and physical activity interventions on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors in severely obese adults: a randomized trial.  JAMA. 2010;304(16):1795-1802
PubMedCrossRef
Clarke PJ, O’Malley PM, Schulenberg JE, Johnston LD. Midlife health and socioeconomic consequences of persistent overweight across early adulthood: findings from a national survey of American adults (1986-2008).  Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(5):540-548
PubMedCrossRef
Dugravot A, Sabia S, Stringhini S,  et al.  Do socioeconomic factors shape weight and obesity trajectories over the transition from midlife to old age? results from the French GAZEL cohort study.  Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(1):16-23
PubMedCrossRef
Vámosi M, Heitmann BL, Kyvik KO. The relation between an adverse psychological and social environment in childhood and the development of adult obesity: a systematic literature review.  Obes Rev. 2010;11(3):177-184
PubMedCrossRef
Gondoni LA, Titon AM, Nibbio F,  et al.  Short-term effects of a hypocaloric diet and a physical activity programme on weight loss and exercise capacity in obese subjects with chronic ischaemic heart disease: a study in everyday practice.  Acta Cardiol. 2008;63(2):153-159
PubMedCrossRef

First Page Preview

First page PDF preview

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

Video

Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

Goodpaster BH, Delany JP, Otto AD,  et al.  Effects of diet and physical activity interventions on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors in severely obese adults: a randomized trial.  JAMA. 2010;304(16):1795-1802
PubMedCrossRef
Clarke PJ, O’Malley PM, Schulenberg JE, Johnston LD. Midlife health and socioeconomic consequences of persistent overweight across early adulthood: findings from a national survey of American adults (1986-2008).  Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(5):540-548
PubMedCrossRef
Dugravot A, Sabia S, Stringhini S,  et al.  Do socioeconomic factors shape weight and obesity trajectories over the transition from midlife to old age? results from the French GAZEL cohort study.  Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(1):16-23
PubMedCrossRef
Vámosi M, Heitmann BL, Kyvik KO. The relation between an adverse psychological and social environment in childhood and the development of adult obesity: a systematic literature review.  Obes Rev. 2010;11(3):177-184
PubMedCrossRef
Gondoni LA, Titon AM, Nibbio F,  et al.  Short-term effects of a hypocaloric diet and a physical activity programme on weight loss and exercise capacity in obese subjects with chronic ischaemic heart disease: a study in everyday practice.  Acta Cardiol. 2008;63(2):153-159
PubMedCrossRef
February 9, 2011
Erik Hemmingsson, PhD; Joanna Uddén, MD, PhD; Stephan Rössner, MD, PhD
JAMA. 2011;305(6):563-564. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.83.
February 9, 2011
Bret H. Goodpaster, PhD; James P. DeLany, PhD; John M. Jakcic, PhD
JAMA. 2011;305(6):563-564. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.84.
CME Course for:


You need to register in order to view this quiz.


To understand the clinical management of acute heart failure syndromes.
Accreditation Information The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Physicians who complete the CME course and score at least 80% correct on the quiz are eligible for AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
You have not filled in all the answers to complete this quiz
The following questions were not answered:
Sorry, you have unsuccessfully completed this CME quiz with a score of
The following questions were not answered correctly:
For CME Course: A Proposed Model for Initial Assessment and Management of Acute Heart Failure Syndromes
Indicate what changes(s) you will implement in your practice, if any, based on this CME course.
To view and print your certificate and access a summary of your CME courses go to My CME.
NOTE:
Citing articles are presented as examples only. In non-demo SCM6 implementation, integration with CrossRef’s “Cited By” API will populate this tab (http://www.crossref.org/citedby.html).
Submit a Response

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging & repositioning the boxes below.