To the Editor: Dr Hsu and colleagues1 concluded that apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene variation predicted chronic kidney disease progression, independent of diabetes, race, lipid, and nonlipid factors. The authors state that the APOE association with chronic kidney disease progression was not explained by established kidney disease risk factors including diabetes and hypertension.
In their study, 56.3% of African American participants and 32.0% of white participants were classified as having hypertension. Some types of antihypertensive drugs, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors2 or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs),3 slow progression of chronic kidney disease independent of their blood pressure–lowering effect. It is therefore important to know the proportion of patients using ACE inhibitors or ARBs in each APOE genotype group before reaching the conclusion that APOE genotype independently predicts chronic kidney disease progression.
Financial Disclosures: None reported.
Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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