Reprints: Nick Freemantle, MA, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York Y01 5DD, England (e-mail: nf2@york.ac.uk).
ECONOMIC ANALYSES are increasingly conducted alongside clinical trials, as the funders of research recognize that they require estimates of both the costs and benefits of health care interventions. In fact, many commissioning organizations will fund clinical trials only if they are designed to provide estimates of cost-effectiveness, and economic analyses are already being used to inform decisions on the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals in some health care systems.1 The addition of economic data collection and analysis to clinical trials raises a number of important methodological issues,2 including whether those clinical trials incorporating an economic analysis should be blinded.
Rationale for Blinding in Clinical Trials Blinding physicians and patients to treatment allocation in clinical trials aims to reduce bias in estimates of treatment effect, since outcomes are often open to interpretation, and knowledge of the treatment regimen may affect patient or physician behavior. The impact of blinding on estimates of
Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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