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Paralytic Poliomyelitis—United States, 1980-1994 FREE

JAMA. 1997;277(7):525-526. doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540310023014
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THE ADVISORY Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recently recommended a sequential vaccination schedule of two doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) followed by two doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) for routine vaccination of children in the United States.1 ACIP revised its recommendation for routine poliovirus vaccination for three reasons: (1) paralytic poliomyelitis attributable to indigenously acquired wild poliovirus has not occurred in the United States since 1979,2 (2) progress toward global eradication of poliomyelitis has reduced the risk for importation of wild poliovirus into the United States,3 and (3) vaccineassociated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) continues to occur. ACIP has recommended that implementation of this new vaccination schedule begin in early 1997. This report summarizes both the epidemiology of paralytic poliomyelitis in the United States reported during 1980-1994 and provisional reports for 1995-1996 and updates the estimated risk for VAPP. These

REFERENCES

ACIP.  Poliomyelitis prevention in the United States: introduction of a sequential vaccination schedule of inactivated poliovirus vaccine followed by oral poliovirus vaccine—recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices . MMWR 1997;;46(no. (RR-3) ).
CDC.  Poliomyelitis—United States, 1975-1984 . MMWR 1986;;35:180-2.
CDC.  Certification of poliomyelitis eradication--the Americas, 1994 . MMWR 1994;;43:720-2.
Miller MA, Sutter RW, Strebel PM, Hadler SC.  Cost-effectiveness of incorporating inactivated poliovirus vaccine into the routine childhood immunization schedule . JAMA 1996;;276:967-71.
Prevots DR, Sutter RW, Quick L, Izurieta H, Strebel PM.  Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in the United States, 1980-1994: current risk and potential impact of proposed sequential schedule of IPV followed by OPV [Abstract] . In: Program and abstracts of the 36th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy . New Orleans, Louisiana: American Society for Microbiology, 1996;:179.
Prevots DR, Sutter RW, Strebel PM, Weibel RE, Cochi SL.  Completeness of reporting for paralytic poliomyelitis, United States, 1980 through 1991: implications for estimating the risk of vaccine-associated disease . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994;;148:479-85.
Strebel PM, Sutter RW, Cochi SL, et al.  Epidemiology of poliomyelitis in the United States one decade after the last reported case of indigenous wild virusassociated disease . Clin Infect Dis 1992;;14:568-79.
Orenstein WA, Wassilak SGF, Deforest A, et al.  Seroprevalence of poliovirus antibodies among Massachusetts schoolchildren . In: Program and abstracts of the 28th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy [Abstract]. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1988;:198.
Kelley PW, Petruccelli BP, Stehr-Green P, Erickson RL, Mason CJ.  The susceptibility of young adult Americans to vaccine-preventable infections: a national serosurvey of US Army recruits . JAMA 1991;;266:2724-9.
CDC.  Mandatory reporting of infectious diseases by clinicians . MMWR 1990;;39(no. (RR-9) ):1-17.
Acute onset of flaccid paralysis in one or more limbs with decreased or absent tendon reflexes in the affected limbs without other apparent cause and without sensory or cognitive loss (as reported by a physician).

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ACIP.  Poliomyelitis prevention in the United States: introduction of a sequential vaccination schedule of inactivated poliovirus vaccine followed by oral poliovirus vaccine—recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices . MMWR 1997;;46(no. (RR-3) ).
CDC.  Poliomyelitis—United States, 1975-1984 . MMWR 1986;;35:180-2.
CDC.  Certification of poliomyelitis eradication--the Americas, 1994 . MMWR 1994;;43:720-2.
Miller MA, Sutter RW, Strebel PM, Hadler SC.  Cost-effectiveness of incorporating inactivated poliovirus vaccine into the routine childhood immunization schedule . JAMA 1996;;276:967-71.
Prevots DR, Sutter RW, Quick L, Izurieta H, Strebel PM.  Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in the United States, 1980-1994: current risk and potential impact of proposed sequential schedule of IPV followed by OPV [Abstract] . In: Program and abstracts of the 36th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy . New Orleans, Louisiana: American Society for Microbiology, 1996;:179.
Prevots DR, Sutter RW, Strebel PM, Weibel RE, Cochi SL.  Completeness of reporting for paralytic poliomyelitis, United States, 1980 through 1991: implications for estimating the risk of vaccine-associated disease . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994;;148:479-85.
Strebel PM, Sutter RW, Cochi SL, et al.  Epidemiology of poliomyelitis in the United States one decade after the last reported case of indigenous wild virusassociated disease . Clin Infect Dis 1992;;14:568-79.
Orenstein WA, Wassilak SGF, Deforest A, et al.  Seroprevalence of poliovirus antibodies among Massachusetts schoolchildren . In: Program and abstracts of the 28th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy [Abstract]. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1988;:198.
Kelley PW, Petruccelli BP, Stehr-Green P, Erickson RL, Mason CJ.  The susceptibility of young adult Americans to vaccine-preventable infections: a national serosurvey of US Army recruits . JAMA 1991;;266:2724-9.
CDC.  Mandatory reporting of infectious diseases by clinicians . MMWR 1990;;39(no. (RR-9) ):1-17.
Acute onset of flaccid paralysis in one or more limbs with decreased or absent tendon reflexes in the affected limbs without other apparent cause and without sensory or cognitive loss (as reported by a physician).
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