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Targeted Screening for Childhood Lead Exposure in a Low Prevalence Area—Salt Lake County, Utah, 1995-1996 FREE

JAMA. 1997;277(19):1508-1509. doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540430020009
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DURING 1991-1994, an estimated 930 000 U.S. children aged <6 years had blood lead levels (BLLs) ≥ μg/dL, and the risk for an elevated BLL was greatest among children who were non-Hispanic black or Mexican American, from low-income families, living in large metropolitan areas, or living in housing built before 1946.1 Because risk for lead exposure is associated with several different factors, it can vary greatly across relatively small areas. To establish the local prevalence and distribution of childhood lead exposure and develop local blood lead screening recommendations, the Salt Lake City-County Health Department (SLCCHD) offered free blood lead screening to all children aged 12-36 months enrolled at the seven Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) clinics in Salt Lake County, Utah (1995 population: 812 000), during January-October 1995. This report presents findings of the screenings at WIC clinics,

REFERENCES

CDC.  Update: blood lead levels—United States, 1991-1994 . MMWR 1997;;46:141-6.
Verebey K, Eng YM, Davidow B, Ramon A.  Rapid, sensitive micro blood lead analysis: a mass screening technique for lead poisoning . J Anal Toxicol 1991;;15: 237-40.
Bureau of the Census. 1990 Census of population and housing: population and housing characteristics for census tracts and block numbering areas—Salt Lake City-Ogden, Utah MSA. Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce, Economics, and Statistics, Bureau of the Census, 1993; report no. 1990 CPH-3-290.
CDC. Preventing lead poisoning in young children: a statement by the Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, Georgia: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1991.
Schlenker TL, Fritz CJ, Murphy A, Shepeard S.  Feasibility and effectiveness of screening for childhood lead poisoning in private medical practice . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994;;148: 761-4.
Schlenker TL, Fritz CJ, Mark D, et al.  Screening for pediatric lead poisoning: comparability of simultaneously drawn capillary and venous blood samples . JAMA 1994;;271:1346-8.
Annest JL, Pirkle JL, Makuc D, Neese JW, Bayse DD, Kovar MG.  Chronological trend in blood lead levels between 1976 and 1980 . N Engl J Med 1983;;308:1373-7.
Pirkle JL, Brody DJ, Gunter EW, et al.  The decline in blood lead levels in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) . JAMA 1994;;272:284-91.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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CDC.  Update: blood lead levels—United States, 1991-1994 . MMWR 1997;;46:141-6.
Verebey K, Eng YM, Davidow B, Ramon A.  Rapid, sensitive micro blood lead analysis: a mass screening technique for lead poisoning . J Anal Toxicol 1991;;15: 237-40.
Bureau of the Census. 1990 Census of population and housing: population and housing characteristics for census tracts and block numbering areas—Salt Lake City-Ogden, Utah MSA. Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce, Economics, and Statistics, Bureau of the Census, 1993; report no. 1990 CPH-3-290.
CDC. Preventing lead poisoning in young children: a statement by the Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, Georgia: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1991.
Schlenker TL, Fritz CJ, Murphy A, Shepeard S.  Feasibility and effectiveness of screening for childhood lead poisoning in private medical practice . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994;;148: 761-4.
Schlenker TL, Fritz CJ, Mark D, et al.  Screening for pediatric lead poisoning: comparability of simultaneously drawn capillary and venous blood samples . JAMA 1994;;271:1346-8.
Annest JL, Pirkle JL, Makuc D, Neese JW, Bayse DD, Kovar MG.  Chronological trend in blood lead levels between 1976 and 1980 . N Engl J Med 1983;;308:1373-7.
Pirkle JL, Brody DJ, Gunter EW, et al.  The decline in blood lead levels in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) . JAMA 1994;;272:284-91.
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