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ARTICLE |

Measles—United States, 1996, and the Interruption of Indigenous Transmission FREE

JAMA. 1997;277(17):1345-1346. doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540410023009
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AS OF December 30, 1996 (week 52), local and state health departments had reported a provisional total of 488 confirmed cases of measles to CDC for 1996, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico had reported eight cases. In addition, indigenous transmission of measles in the United States was interrrupted for a prolonged period beginning in late 1996. This report summarizes measles surveillance data for 1996, which indicate a substantial proportion of cases were associated with continued international importations of measles and outbreaks among school-aged children who were not required to receive a second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) to attend school.

Case Classification  Of the 488 provisional cases, 355 (73%) were indigenous to the United States, including 332 (68%) cases acquired in the state reporting the case and 23 (5%) cases resulting from spread from another state. International importations accounted for 47 (10%) cases of measles, and an

REFERENCES

CDC.  Measles outbreak among school-aged children—Juneau, Alaska, 1996 . MMWR 1996;;45:777-80.
Markowitz LE, Preblud SR, Orenstein WA, et al.  Patterns of transmission in measles outbreaks in the United States, 1985-1986 . N Engl J Med 1989;;320:75-81.
Hutchins SS, Markowitz LE, Atkinson WL, Swint E, Hadler S.  Measles outbreaks in the United States, 1987 through 1990 . Pediatr Infect Dis J 1996;;15:31-8.
CDC.  Measles prevention: recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) . MMWR 1989;;38(no. (S-9) ).
Baughman AL, Williams WW, Atkinson WL, Cook LG, Collins M.  The impact of college prematriculation immunization requirements on risk for measles outbreaks . JAMA 1994;;272:1127-32.
Hutchins SS, Markowitz LE, Mead P, et al.  A school-based measles outbreak: the effect of a selective revaccination policy and risk factors for vaccine failure . Am J Epidemiol 1990;;132:157-68.
de Quadros CA, Olive JM, Hersh BS, et al.  Measles elimination in the Americas: evolving strategies . JAMA 1996;;275:224-9.
Anonymous.  International importations of measles from the Americas into the United States, 1990-1994 . EPI Newsletter ( (February) ) 1995;;17:1-2.
Anonymous.  Meeting on advances in measles elimination: conclusions and recommendations . Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1996;;71:305-9.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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CDC.  Measles outbreak among school-aged children—Juneau, Alaska, 1996 . MMWR 1996;;45:777-80.
Markowitz LE, Preblud SR, Orenstein WA, et al.  Patterns of transmission in measles outbreaks in the United States, 1985-1986 . N Engl J Med 1989;;320:75-81.
Hutchins SS, Markowitz LE, Atkinson WL, Swint E, Hadler S.  Measles outbreaks in the United States, 1987 through 1990 . Pediatr Infect Dis J 1996;;15:31-8.
CDC.  Measles prevention: recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) . MMWR 1989;;38(no. (S-9) ).
Baughman AL, Williams WW, Atkinson WL, Cook LG, Collins M.  The impact of college prematriculation immunization requirements on risk for measles outbreaks . JAMA 1994;;272:1127-32.
Hutchins SS, Markowitz LE, Mead P, et al.  A school-based measles outbreak: the effect of a selective revaccination policy and risk factors for vaccine failure . Am J Epidemiol 1990;;132:157-68.
de Quadros CA, Olive JM, Hersh BS, et al.  Measles elimination in the Americas: evolving strategies . JAMA 1996;;275:224-9.
Anonymous.  International importations of measles from the Americas into the United States, 1990-1994 . EPI Newsletter ( (February) ) 1995;;17:1-2.
Anonymous.  Meeting on advances in measles elimination: conclusions and recommendations . Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1996;;71:305-9.
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