References should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in parentheses. References cited only in tables or in legends to figures should be numbered in accordance with the sequence established by the first identification in the text of the particular table or figure. Use the style of the examples below, which are based on the formats used by the NLM in Index Medicus. The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used in Index Medicus. Consult the List of Journals Indexed in Index Medicus, published annually as a separate publication by the library and as a list in the January issue of Index Medicus. The list can also be obtained through the library's Web site (http://www.nlm.nih.gov). Avoid using abstracts as references. References to papers accepted but not yet published should be designated as "in press" or "forthcoming"; authors should obtain written permission to cite such papers as well as verification that they have been accepted for publication. Information from manuscripts submitted but not accepted should be cited in the text as "unpublished observations" with written permission from the source. Avoid citing a personal communication unless it provides essential information not available from a public source, in which case the name of the person and date of communication should be cited in parentheses in the text. For scientific articles, authors should obtain written permission and confirmation of accuracy from the source of a personal communication. The references must be verified by the author against the original documents. The Uniform Requirements style (the Vancouver style) is based largely on an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard style adapted by the NLM for its databases. Notes have been added where Vancouver style differs from the style now used by NLM. Articles in Journals
Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart trans-plantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease . Ann Intern Med 1996;
(Jun 1)
;124(11):980-3.
Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart trans-plantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease . Ann Intern Med 1996;;124:980-3.
Parkin DM, Clayton D, Black RJ, Masuyer E, Friedl HP, Ivanov E, et al. Childhood— leukaemia in Europe after Chernobyl: 5 year follow-up . Br J Cancer 1996;;73:1006-12.
The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Clinical exercise stress testing. Safety and performance guidelines . Med J Aust 1996;;164:282-4.
Cancer in South Africa [editorial]. S Afr Med J 1994;;84:15.
Ryder TE, Haukeland EA, Solhaug JH. Bilateral infrapatellar seneruptur hos tidligere frisk kvinne . Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1996;;116:41-2.
Shen HM, Zhang QF. Risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and occupational lung cancer . Environ Health Perspect 1994;;102
(Suppl 1)
:275-82.
Payne DK, Sullivan MD, Massie MJ. Women's psychological reactions to breast cancer . Semin Oncol 1996;;23(
(1 Suppl 2)
):89-97.
Ozben T, Nacitarhan S, Tuncer N. Plasma and urine sialic acid in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus . Ann Clin Biochem 1995;;32 (
(Pt 3)
):303-6.
Poole GH, Mills SM. One hundred consecutive cases of flap lacerations of the leg in ageing patients . N Z Med J 1994;;107(
(986 Pt 1)
):377-8.
Turan I, Wredmark T, Fellander-Tsai L. Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis . Clin Orthop 1995;;(
(320)
):110-4.
Browell DA, Lennard TW. Immunologic status of the cancer patient and the effects of blood transfusion on antitumor responses . Curr Opin Gen Surg 1993;:325-33.
Fisher GA, Sikic BI. Drug resistance in clinical oncology and hematology. Introduction . Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 1995; Apr;9(
(2)
):xi-xii.
Enzensberger W, Fischer PA. Metronome in Parkinson's disease [letter] . Lancet 1996;;347:1337.
Clement J, De Bock R. Hematological complications of hantavirus nephropathy (HVN) [abstract] . Kidney Int 1992;;42:1285.
Garey CE, Schwarzman AL, Rise ML, Seyfried TN. Ceruloplasmin gene defect associated with epilepsy in EL mice [retraction of Garey CE, Schwarzman AL, Rise ML, Seyfried TN . In: Nat Genet 1994;;6:426-31].
Liou GI, Wang M, Matragoon S. Precocious IRBP gene expression during mouse development [retracted in Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1994;;35:3127].
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1994;;35:1083-8.
Hamlin JA, Kahn AM. Herniography in symptomatic patients following inguinal hernia repair [published erratum appears in West J Med 1995;;162:278].
West J Med 1995;;162:28-31.
Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurses . 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996;.
Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, editors. Mental health care for elderly people . New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996;.
Institute of Medicine (US). Looking at the future of the Medicaid program . Washington: The Institute; 1992;.
Phillips SJ, Whisnant JP. Hypertension and stroke . In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, editors. Hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management . 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1995;. p. 465-78.
Kimura J, Shibasaki H, editors. Recent advances in clinical neurophysiology . Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of EMG and Clinical Neurophysiology; 1995 Oct 15-19; Kyoto, Japan . Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1996;.
Bengtsson S, Solheim BG. Enforcement of data protection, privacy and security in medical informatics . In: Lun KC, Degoulet P, Piemme TE, Rienhoff O, editors. MEDINFO 92. Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Medical Informatics; 1992 Sep 6-10; Geneva, Switzerland . Amsterdam: North-Holland; 1992;. p. 1561-5.
Smith P, Golladay K. Payment for durable medical equipment billed during skilled nursing facility stays. Final report. Dallas (TX): Dept. of Health and Human Services (US), Office of Evaluation and Inspections; 1994 Oct. Report No.: HHSIGOEI69200860.
Issued by performing agency:
Field MJ, Tranquada RE, Feasley JC, editors. Health services research: work force and educational issues . Washington: National Academy Press; 1995;.
Kaplan SJ. Post-hospital home health care: the elderly's access and utilization [dissertation]. St. Louis (MO): Washington Univ.; 1995.
Larsen CE, Trip R, Johnson CR, inventors; Novoste Corporation, assignee. Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of the heart. US patent 5,529,067. 1995 Jun 25.
Lee G. Hospitalizations tied to ozone pollution: study estimates 50,000 admissions annually. The Washington Post 1996 Jun 21; Sect. A:3 (col. 5).
HIV+/AIDS: the facts and the future [videocassette]. St. Louis (MO): Mosby-Year Book; 1995.
Preventive Health Ammendments of 1993, Pub. L. No. 103-183,107 Stat. 2226 (Dec. 14, 1993).
Medical Records Confidentiality Act of 1995, S. 1360, 104th Cong., 1st Sess. (1995).
Informed Consent, 42 C.F.R. Sect. 441.257 (1995).
Increased Drug Abuse: the Impact on the Nation's Emergency Rooms: Hearings Before the Subcomm. on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations of the House Comm. on Government Operations, 103rd Cong., 1st Sess. (May 26, 1993).
North Carolina. Tuberculosis rates per 100,000 population, 1990 [demographic map]. Raleigh: North Carolina Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Div. of Epidemiology; 1991.
The Holy Bible. King James version. Grand Rapids (MI): Zondervan Publishing House; 1995. Ruth 3:1-18.
Stedman's medical dictionary . 26th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995;. Apraxia; p. 119-20.
The Winter's Tale: act 5, scene 1, lines 13-16. The complete works of William Shakespeare. London: Rex; 1973.
Leshner AI. Molecular mechanisms of cocaine addiction. N Engl J Med. In press 1996.
Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Jan-Mar [cited 1996 Jun 5]; 1(1):[24 screens]. Available from: URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm
CDI, clinical dermatology illustrated [monograph on CD-ROM]. Reeves JRT, Maibach H. CMEA Multimedia Group, producers. 2nd ed. Version 2.0. San Diego: CMEA; 1995.
Hemodynamics III: the ups and downs of hemodynamics [computer program]. Version 2.2. Orlando (FL): Computerized Educational Systems; 1993.