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June 19, 1996, Vol 275, No. 23 >
ARTICLE | June 19, 1996

Neurological Surgery FREE

Robert H. Wilkins, MD
JAMA. 1996;275(23):1825-1826. doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03530470053031
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References

In neurosurgery, the trend continues in the direction of making operations more accurate, with less damage to normal tissues and fewer complications. Several of the techniques that are allowing these improvements were first introduced years ago, but only recently has the associated technology developed sufficiently to give them everyday usefulness. For example, endoscopy of the cerebral ventricular system (ventriculostomy) was first used more than 80 years ago. However, the procedure was not practical for neurosurgeons until endoscopes were miniaturized and made flexible, and video systems, laser techniques, and other instruments were developed for, or adapted to, endoscopy. [See also Plastic Surgery.—Ed.] Similarly, stereotactic brain operations, primarily for the treatment of movement disorders such as Parkinson disease, were introduced about 50 years ago. But the current widespread use of stereotactic techniques in daily neurosurgical practice required the development of computer-based diagnostic and treatment procedures. In a recent review, Kelly1

REFERENCES

1 +
Kelly PJ.  Quantitative virtual reality enhances stereotactic neurosurgery. Bull Am Coll Surg . 1995;;80:13-20.
2 +
Cohen AR.  Endoscopic neurosurgery.  In: Wilkins RH, Rengachary SS, eds. Neurosurgery . 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill International Book Co; 1996;:539-546.
3 +
Cohen AR, Haines SJ, eds. Minimally Invasive Techniques in Neurosurgery . Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins; 1995;.
4 +
Sethi DS, Pillay PK.  Endoscopic management of lesions of the sella turcica. J Laryngol Otol . 1995;;109:956-962.
5 +
Kelly PJ. Tumor Stereotaxis . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1991;.
6 +
Lunsford LD, ed.  Stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurosurg Clin North Am . 1992;;3:1-257.
7 +
Alexander E III, Loeffler JS, Lunsford LD, eds. Stereotactic Radiosurgery . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill International Book Co; 1993;.
8 +
Leksell L.  The stereotactic method and radiosurgery of the brain. Acta Chir Scand . 1951;;102:316-319.
9 +
Fried I, Nenov VI, Ojemann SG, Woods RP.  Functional MR and PET imaging of rolandic and visual cortices for neurosurgical planning. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:854-861.
10 +
Gallen CG, Schwartz BJ, Bucholz RD, et al.  Presurgical localization of functional cortex using magnetic source imaging. J Neurosurg . 1995;;82:988-994.
11 +
Puce A, Constable RT, Luby ML, et al.  Functional magnetic resonance imaging of sensory and motor cortex: comparison with electrophysiological localization. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:262-270.
12 +
Yetkin FZ, Papke RA, Mark LP, Daniels DL, Mueller WM, Haughton VM.  Localization of the sensorimotor cortex: functional and conventional MR compared. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol . 1995;;16:2109-2113.
13 +
Maciunas RJ. Interactive Image-Guided Neurosurgery . Park Ridge, Ill: American Association of Neurological Surgeons; 1993;.
14 +
Turner DA.  Frameless stereotaxy: clinical applications and future promise.  In: Bradley WB, Wilkins RH, eds. The Year Book of Neurology and Neurosurgery 1995 . St Louis, Mo: Mosby Inc; 1995;:xxxiii-xl.
15 +
Golfinos JG, Fitzpatrick BC, Smith LR, Spetzler RF.  Clinical use of a frameless stereotactic arm: results of 325 cases. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:197-205.
16 +
Kalfas IH, Kormos DW, Murphy MA, et al.  Application of frameless stereotaxy to pedicle-screw fixation of the spine. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:641-647.
17 +
Hamilton AJ, Lulu BA, Fosmire H, Stea B, Cassady JR.  Preliminary clinical experience with linear accelerator-based spinal stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurosurgery . 1995;;36:311-319.
18 +
Dickman CA, Rosenthal D, Karahalios DG, et al.  Thoracic vertebrectomy and reconstruction using a microsurgical thoracoscopic approach. Neurosurgery . 1996;; 38:279-293.
19 +
McAfee PC, Regan JR, Zdeblick T, et al.  The incidence of complications in endoscopic anterior thoracolumbar spinal reconstructive surgery: a prospective multicenter study comprising the first 100 consecutive cases. Spine . 1995;;20:1624-1632.
20 +
Apuzzo MLJ, ed. Neurosurgery for the Third Millennium . Park Ridge, Ill: American Association of Neurological Surgeons; 1992;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Kelly PJ.  Quantitative virtual reality enhances stereotactic neurosurgery. Bull Am Coll Surg . 1995;;80:13-20.
2 +
Cohen AR.  Endoscopic neurosurgery.  In: Wilkins RH, Rengachary SS, eds. Neurosurgery . 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill International Book Co; 1996;:539-546.
3 +
Cohen AR, Haines SJ, eds. Minimally Invasive Techniques in Neurosurgery . Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins; 1995;.
4 +
Sethi DS, Pillay PK.  Endoscopic management of lesions of the sella turcica. J Laryngol Otol . 1995;;109:956-962.
5 +
Kelly PJ. Tumor Stereotaxis . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1991;.
6 +
Lunsford LD, ed.  Stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurosurg Clin North Am . 1992;;3:1-257.
7 +
Alexander E III, Loeffler JS, Lunsford LD, eds. Stereotactic Radiosurgery . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill International Book Co; 1993;.
8 +
Leksell L.  The stereotactic method and radiosurgery of the brain. Acta Chir Scand . 1951;;102:316-319.
9 +
Fried I, Nenov VI, Ojemann SG, Woods RP.  Functional MR and PET imaging of rolandic and visual cortices for neurosurgical planning. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:854-861.
10 +
Gallen CG, Schwartz BJ, Bucholz RD, et al.  Presurgical localization of functional cortex using magnetic source imaging. J Neurosurg . 1995;;82:988-994.
11 +
Puce A, Constable RT, Luby ML, et al.  Functional magnetic resonance imaging of sensory and motor cortex: comparison with electrophysiological localization. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:262-270.
12 +
Yetkin FZ, Papke RA, Mark LP, Daniels DL, Mueller WM, Haughton VM.  Localization of the sensorimotor cortex: functional and conventional MR compared. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol . 1995;;16:2109-2113.
13 +
Maciunas RJ. Interactive Image-Guided Neurosurgery . Park Ridge, Ill: American Association of Neurological Surgeons; 1993;.
14 +
Turner DA.  Frameless stereotaxy: clinical applications and future promise.  In: Bradley WB, Wilkins RH, eds. The Year Book of Neurology and Neurosurgery 1995 . St Louis, Mo: Mosby Inc; 1995;:xxxiii-xl.
15 +
Golfinos JG, Fitzpatrick BC, Smith LR, Spetzler RF.  Clinical use of a frameless stereotactic arm: results of 325 cases. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:197-205.
16 +
Kalfas IH, Kormos DW, Murphy MA, et al.  Application of frameless stereotaxy to pedicle-screw fixation of the spine. J Neurosurg . 1995;;83:641-647.
17 +
Hamilton AJ, Lulu BA, Fosmire H, Stea B, Cassady JR.  Preliminary clinical experience with linear accelerator-based spinal stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurosurgery . 1995;;36:311-319.
18 +
Dickman CA, Rosenthal D, Karahalios DG, et al.  Thoracic vertebrectomy and reconstruction using a microsurgical thoracoscopic approach. Neurosurgery . 1996;; 38:279-293.
19 +
McAfee PC, Regan JR, Zdeblick T, et al.  The incidence of complications in endoscopic anterior thoracolumbar spinal reconstructive surgery: a prospective multicenter study comprising the first 100 consecutive cases. Spine . 1995;;20:1624-1632.
20 +
Apuzzo MLJ, ed. Neurosurgery for the Third Millennium . Park Ridge, Ill: American Association of Neurological Surgeons; 1992;.

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