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June 7, 1995, Vol 273, No. 21 >
ARTICLE | June 7, 1995

Geriatric Medicine FREE

Thomas M. Gill, MD; Mary E. Tinetti, MD
JAMA. 1995;273(21):1684-1686. doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520450054027
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References

This year geriatric medicine was characterized not by any watershed discoveries but rather by important efforts aimed at providing scientific evidence to support or refute many common treatment practices. Notably, investigators focused increasing attention on pertinent functional outcomes, usually to augment but occasionally to replace traditional measures of mortality and disease-specific events. A series of reports provided preliminary data on promising new strategies to diagnose and treat Alzheimer's disease.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke are among the leading causes of disability and death in older adults. Strategies to prevent, forestall, and treat these common disorders, although effective in younger adults, often have unproved benefit in older persons. A prospective study of 997 persons older than 70 years, for example, provided evidence to contest the association between blood cholesterol level and incidence of CHD or death due to CHD.1 Until the efficacy of lowering lipid levels is supported by

REFERENCES

1 +
Krumholz HM, Seeman TE, Merrill SS, et al.  Lack of association between cholesterol and coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity and all-cause mortality in persons older than 70 years. JAMA . 1994;;272:1335-1340.
2 +
Hulley SB, Newman TB.  Cholesterol in the elderly: is it important? JAMA . 1994;; 272:1372-1374.
3 +
Insua JT, Sacks HS, Lau TS, et al.  Drug treatment of hypertension in the elderly: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med . 1994;;121:355-362.
4 +
McClellan M, McNeil BJ, Newhouse JP.  Does more intensive treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the elderly reduce mortality? analysis using instrumental variables. JAMA . 1994;;272:859-866.
5 +
North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators.  Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med . 1991;;325:445-453.
6 +
Haynes RB, Taylor DW, Sackett DL, Thorpe K, Ferguson GG, Barnett HJ.  Prevention of functional impairment by endarterectomy for symptomatic high-grade carotid stenosis: North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. JAMA . 1994;;271:1256-1259.
7 +
Laupacis A, Sackett DL, Roberts RS.  An assessment of clinically useful measures of the consequences of treatment. N Engl J Med . 1988;;318:1728-1733.
8 +
Tinetti ME, Baker DI, McAvay G, et al.  A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community. N Engl J Med. 1994;;331:821-827.
9 +
Fiatarone MA, O'Neill EF, Ryan ND, et al.  Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. N Engl J Med . 1994;;330:1769-1775.
10 +
Mulrow CD, Gerety MB, Kanten D, et al.  A randomized trial of physical rehabilitation for very frail nursing home residents. JAMA . 1994;;271:519-524.
11 +
Gill TM, Feinstein AR.  A critical appraisal of the quality of quality-of-life measurements. JAMA . 1994;;272:619-626.
12 +
Chodak GW, Thisted RA, Gerber GS, et al.  Results of conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med . 1994;;330:242-248.
13 +
Krahn MD, Mahoney JE, Eckman MH, Trachtenberg J, Pauker SG, Detsky AS.  Screening for prostate cancer: a decision analytic view. JAMA . 1994;;272:773-780.
14 +
Knapp MJ, Knopman DS, Solomon PR, Pendlebury WW, Davis CS, Gracon SI.  A 30-week randomized controlled trial of high-dose tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease: the Tacrine Study Group. JAMA . 1994;;271:985-991.
15 +
Watkins PB, Zimmerman HJ, Knapp MJ, Gracon SI, Lewis KW.  Hepatotoxic effects of tacrine administration in patients with Alzheimer's disease. JAMA . 1994;; 271:992-998.
16 +
Scinto LF, Daffner KR, Dressler D, et al.  A potential noninvasive neurobiologic test for Alzheimer's disease. Science . 1994;;266:1051-1054.

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Krumholz HM, Seeman TE, Merrill SS, et al.  Lack of association between cholesterol and coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity and all-cause mortality in persons older than 70 years. JAMA . 1994;;272:1335-1340.
2 +
Hulley SB, Newman TB.  Cholesterol in the elderly: is it important? JAMA . 1994;; 272:1372-1374.
3 +
Insua JT, Sacks HS, Lau TS, et al.  Drug treatment of hypertension in the elderly: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med . 1994;;121:355-362.
4 +
McClellan M, McNeil BJ, Newhouse JP.  Does more intensive treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the elderly reduce mortality? analysis using instrumental variables. JAMA . 1994;;272:859-866.
5 +
North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators.  Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med . 1991;;325:445-453.
6 +
Haynes RB, Taylor DW, Sackett DL, Thorpe K, Ferguson GG, Barnett HJ.  Prevention of functional impairment by endarterectomy for symptomatic high-grade carotid stenosis: North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. JAMA . 1994;;271:1256-1259.
7 +
Laupacis A, Sackett DL, Roberts RS.  An assessment of clinically useful measures of the consequences of treatment. N Engl J Med . 1988;;318:1728-1733.
8 +
Tinetti ME, Baker DI, McAvay G, et al.  A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community. N Engl J Med. 1994;;331:821-827.
9 +
Fiatarone MA, O'Neill EF, Ryan ND, et al.  Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. N Engl J Med . 1994;;330:1769-1775.
10 +
Mulrow CD, Gerety MB, Kanten D, et al.  A randomized trial of physical rehabilitation for very frail nursing home residents. JAMA . 1994;;271:519-524.
11 +
Gill TM, Feinstein AR.  A critical appraisal of the quality of quality-of-life measurements. JAMA . 1994;;272:619-626.
12 +
Chodak GW, Thisted RA, Gerber GS, et al.  Results of conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med . 1994;;330:242-248.
13 +
Krahn MD, Mahoney JE, Eckman MH, Trachtenberg J, Pauker SG, Detsky AS.  Screening for prostate cancer: a decision analytic view. JAMA . 1994;;272:773-780.
14 +
Knapp MJ, Knopman DS, Solomon PR, Pendlebury WW, Davis CS, Gracon SI.  A 30-week randomized controlled trial of high-dose tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease: the Tacrine Study Group. JAMA . 1994;;271:985-991.
15 +
Watkins PB, Zimmerman HJ, Knapp MJ, Gracon SI, Lewis KW.  Hepatotoxic effects of tacrine administration in patients with Alzheimer's disease. JAMA . 1994;; 271:992-998.
16 +
Scinto LF, Daffner KR, Dressler D, et al.  A potential noninvasive neurobiologic test for Alzheimer's disease. Science . 1994;;266:1051-1054.

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