0
April 13, 1994, Vol 271, No. 14 >
ARTICLE | April 13, 1994

The Common Cold: Title and subTitle BreakCold Water on Hot News FREE

Arnold S. Monto, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 Observatory, Ann Arbor, Ml 48109 (Dr Monto).


JAMA. 1994;271(14):1122-1124. doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510380078043
Text Size: A A A
Published online
Article
References

The common cold has long been recognized as the acute condition most frequently affecting individuals of all ages.1 In several community-based studies, the illness frequency ranged between four and six episodes per year in children aged 5 to 9 years and from three to five episodes in young adults, with higher rates in those living in crowded conditions or mothers exposed to young children.2,3 Median duration varied from 7 to 13 days, in part dependent on age.4,5 Given the frequency and duration of these illnesses it is not surprising that considerable public attention has been directed to their treatment. The expression "finding a cure for the common cold" has been heard frequently in the media. Identifying etiology was the first approach taken by the scientific community. Rhinoviruses were the agents most frequently isolated from persons with common colds, and their predominance became more apparent as techniques for

REFERENCES

1 +
Frost WH, Gover M.  The incidence and time distribution of common colds in several groups kept under continuous observation. Public Health Rep . 1932;;47:1815-1841.
2 +
Dingle JH, Badger GF, Jordan WS Jr. Illness in the Home: A Study of 25,000 Illnesses in a Group of Cleveland Families . Cleveland, Ohio: Press of Western Reserve University; 1964;.
3 +
Monto AS, Ullman BM.  Acute respiratory illness in an American community: the Tecumseh study. JAMA . 1974;;277:164-169.
4 +
Van Volkenburgh VA, Frost WH.  Acute minor respiratory diseases prevailing in a group of families residing in Baltimore, Maryland, 1928-1930: prevalence, distribution and clinical description of observed cases. Am J Hyg . 1933;;17:122-153.
5 +
Monto AS, Bryan ER, Ohmit S.  Rhinovirus infections in Tecumseh, Michigan: illness frequency and number of serotypes. J Infect Dis . 1987;;156:43-49.
6 +
Gwaltney JM Jr, Jordan WS Jr.  Rhinovirus and respiratory disease. Bacteriol Rev . 1964;;28:409-422.
7 +
Hamparian VV, Ketler A, Hilleman MR.  Recovery of new viruses (Coryzavirus) from cases of common cold in human adults. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med . 1961;;108:444-453.
8 +
Monto AS, Lim SK.  The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness, VI: frequency and relationship between outbreaks of coronavirus infection. J Infect Dis . 1974;;129:271-276.
9 +
Larson HE, Reed SE, Tyrrell DAJ.  Isolation of rhinoviruses and coronaviruses from 38 colds in adults. J Med Virol . 1980;;5:221-229.
10 +
Calhoun AM, Jordan WS Jr, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Rhinovirus infections in an industrial population, V: change in distribution of serotypes. Am J Epidemiol . 1974;;99:58-464.
11 +
Monto AS, Shope TC, Schwartz SA, Albrecht JK.  Intranasal interferon-alpha2b for seasonal prophylaxis of respiratory infection. J Infect Dis . 1986;;154:128-133.
12 +
Hayden FG, Albrecht JK, Kaiser DL, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Prevention of natural colds by contact prophylaxis with intranasal alpha2-interferon. N Engl J Med . 1986;; 314:71-75.
13 +
Monto AS, Schwartz SA, Albrecht JK.  Ineffectiveness of post exposure prophylaxis of rhinovirus infection with low-dose intranasal alpha 2b interferon in families. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1983;;33:387-390.
14 +
Hayden FG, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Prophylactic activity of intranasal enviroxime against experimentally induced rhinovirus type 39 infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1982;;21:892-897.
15 +
Phillpotts RJ, Wallace J, Tyrrell DAJ, Tagart VB.  Therapeutic activity of enviroxime against rhinovirus infection in volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1983;;23:671-675.
16 +
Miller FD, Monto AS, Delong DC, et al.  Controlled trial of enviroxime against natural rhinovirus infections in a community. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1985;; 27:102-106.
17 +
Eby GA, Davis DR, Halcomb WW.  Reduction in duration of common colds by zinc gluconate lozenges in a double-blind study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1984;;25: 20-24.
18 +
Lwoff A.  Death and transfiguration of a problem. Bacteriol Rev . 1969;;33:390-403.
19 +
Tyrrell DAJ.  Hot news on the common cold. Annu Rev Microbiol . 1988;;42:35-47.
20 +
Ophir D, Elad Y, Fishler E, Fink A, Marshak G.  Effects of elevated intranasal temperature on subjective and objective findings in perennial rhinitis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol . 1988;;97:259-263.
21 +
Ophir D, Elad Y.  Effects of steam inhalation on nasal patency and nasal symptoms in patients with the common cold. Am J Otolaryngol . 1987;;3:149-153.
22 +
Tyrrell D, Barrow I, Arthur J.  Local hyperthermia benefits natural and experimental common colds. BMJ . 1989;;298:1280-1283.
23 +
Forstall GJ, Macknin ML, Yen-Lieberman BR, Medendorp SV.  Effect of inhaling heated vapor on symptoms of the common cold. JAMA . 1994;;271:1109-1111.
24 +
Hendley JO, Abbott RD, Beasley PP, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Effect of inhalation of hot humidified air on experimental rhinovirus infection. JAMA . 1994;;271:1112-1113.
25 +
Macknin ML, Mathew S, Medendorp SV.  Effect of inhaling heated vapor on symptoms of the common cold. JAMA . 1990;;264:989-991.

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

Video

Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Frost WH, Gover M.  The incidence and time distribution of common colds in several groups kept under continuous observation. Public Health Rep . 1932;;47:1815-1841.
2 +
Dingle JH, Badger GF, Jordan WS Jr. Illness in the Home: A Study of 25,000 Illnesses in a Group of Cleveland Families . Cleveland, Ohio: Press of Western Reserve University; 1964;.
3 +
Monto AS, Ullman BM.  Acute respiratory illness in an American community: the Tecumseh study. JAMA . 1974;;277:164-169.
4 +
Van Volkenburgh VA, Frost WH.  Acute minor respiratory diseases prevailing in a group of families residing in Baltimore, Maryland, 1928-1930: prevalence, distribution and clinical description of observed cases. Am J Hyg . 1933;;17:122-153.
5 +
Monto AS, Bryan ER, Ohmit S.  Rhinovirus infections in Tecumseh, Michigan: illness frequency and number of serotypes. J Infect Dis . 1987;;156:43-49.
6 +
Gwaltney JM Jr, Jordan WS Jr.  Rhinovirus and respiratory disease. Bacteriol Rev . 1964;;28:409-422.
7 +
Hamparian VV, Ketler A, Hilleman MR.  Recovery of new viruses (Coryzavirus) from cases of common cold in human adults. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med . 1961;;108:444-453.
8 +
Monto AS, Lim SK.  The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness, VI: frequency and relationship between outbreaks of coronavirus infection. J Infect Dis . 1974;;129:271-276.
9 +
Larson HE, Reed SE, Tyrrell DAJ.  Isolation of rhinoviruses and coronaviruses from 38 colds in adults. J Med Virol . 1980;;5:221-229.
10 +
Calhoun AM, Jordan WS Jr, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Rhinovirus infections in an industrial population, V: change in distribution of serotypes. Am J Epidemiol . 1974;;99:58-464.
11 +
Monto AS, Shope TC, Schwartz SA, Albrecht JK.  Intranasal interferon-alpha2b for seasonal prophylaxis of respiratory infection. J Infect Dis . 1986;;154:128-133.
12 +
Hayden FG, Albrecht JK, Kaiser DL, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Prevention of natural colds by contact prophylaxis with intranasal alpha2-interferon. N Engl J Med . 1986;; 314:71-75.
13 +
Monto AS, Schwartz SA, Albrecht JK.  Ineffectiveness of post exposure prophylaxis of rhinovirus infection with low-dose intranasal alpha 2b interferon in families. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1983;;33:387-390.
14 +
Hayden FG, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Prophylactic activity of intranasal enviroxime against experimentally induced rhinovirus type 39 infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1982;;21:892-897.
15 +
Phillpotts RJ, Wallace J, Tyrrell DAJ, Tagart VB.  Therapeutic activity of enviroxime against rhinovirus infection in volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1983;;23:671-675.
16 +
Miller FD, Monto AS, Delong DC, et al.  Controlled trial of enviroxime against natural rhinovirus infections in a community. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1985;; 27:102-106.
17 +
Eby GA, Davis DR, Halcomb WW.  Reduction in duration of common colds by zinc gluconate lozenges in a double-blind study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1984;;25: 20-24.
18 +
Lwoff A.  Death and transfiguration of a problem. Bacteriol Rev . 1969;;33:390-403.
19 +
Tyrrell DAJ.  Hot news on the common cold. Annu Rev Microbiol . 1988;;42:35-47.
20 +
Ophir D, Elad Y, Fishler E, Fink A, Marshak G.  Effects of elevated intranasal temperature on subjective and objective findings in perennial rhinitis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol . 1988;;97:259-263.
21 +
Ophir D, Elad Y.  Effects of steam inhalation on nasal patency and nasal symptoms in patients with the common cold. Am J Otolaryngol . 1987;;3:149-153.
22 +
Tyrrell D, Barrow I, Arthur J.  Local hyperthermia benefits natural and experimental common colds. BMJ . 1989;;298:1280-1283.
23 +
Forstall GJ, Macknin ML, Yen-Lieberman BR, Medendorp SV.  Effect of inhaling heated vapor on symptoms of the common cold. JAMA . 1994;;271:1109-1111.
24 +
Hendley JO, Abbott RD, Beasley PP, Gwaltney JM Jr.  Effect of inhalation of hot humidified air on experimental rhinovirus infection. JAMA . 1994;;271:1112-1113.
25 +
Macknin ML, Mathew S, Medendorp SV.  Effect of inhaling heated vapor on symptoms of the common cold. JAMA . 1990;;264:989-991.

Letters

Submit a Letter
CME Course for:


You need to register in order to view this quiz.


To understand the clinical management of acute heart failure syndromes.
Accreditation Information The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Physicians who complete the CME course and score at least 80% correct on the quiz are eligible for AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
You have not filled in all the answers to complete this quiz
The following questions were not answered:
Sorry, you have unsuccessfully completed this CME quiz with a score of
The following questions were not answered correctly:
For CME Course: A Proposed Model for Initial Assessment and Management of Acute Heart Failure Syndromes
Indicate what changes(s) you will implement in your practice, if any, based on this CME course.
To view and print your certificate and access a summary of your CME courses go to My CME.
NOTE:
Citing articles are presented as examples only. In non-demo SCM6 implementation, integration with CrossRef’s “Cited By” API will populate this tab (http://www.crossref.org/citedby.html).
Compression-Only CPR: Pushing the Science Forward
Cone
AAM 2010;304:1493-1495.
All you need to read in the other general journals
BMJ 2010;341:c5893-c1494.
Submit a Response

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging & repositioning the boxes below.

© 2012 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
Powered bySilverchair Information Systems