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June 5, 1991, Vol 265, No. 21 >
ARTICLE | June 5, 1991

HIV Infection Among Members of the US Army Reserve Components With Medical and Health Occupations FREE

David N. Cowan, PhD; John F. Brundage, MD, MPH; Robin S. Pomerantz, MS; Richard N. Miller, MD, MPH; Donald S. Burke, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

This manuscript reflects the opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of the Army, the US Army Reserve, or the Army National Guard.

Reprint requests to SRA Technologies Inc, 4700 King St, Suite 300, Alexandria, VA 22302 (Dr Cowan).


JAMA. 1991;265(21):2826-2830. doi:10.1001/jama.1991.03460210072032
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References

Over 58 000 members of the US Army Reserve Components tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody had military or civilian medical occupations. The availability of HIV status and occupational information permits the assessment of prevalence and incidence of infection in this population. Levels of infection were not higher among women or among currently married men with medical occupations compared with those with nonmedical occupations. Prevalence and incidence were elevated among never-married men with either military or civilian medical occupations compared with never-married men with nonmedical occupations. Based on reported civilian occupation, male registered nurses and men with other medical occupations, excluding physicians and dentists, had a significantly higher prevalence of infection than men with nonmedical occupations. The patterns of infection suggest that the higher levels of infection found among never-married men with medical occupations may not be entirely due to occupational exposure. These findings may have applications in the design and interpretation of results of health care worker HIV surveillance programs.

(JAMA. 1991;265:2826-2830)

REFERENCES

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Becker CE, Cone JE, Gerberding J.  Occupational infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) . Ann Intern Med. 1989;;110:653-656.
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Henderson DK, Fahey BJ, Willy M, et al.  Risk for occupational transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) associated with clinical exposures: a prospective evaluation . Ann Intern Med. 1990;;113:740-746.
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 AIDS and HIV update: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus infection among health-care workers . JAMA. 1988;;259:2817-2821.
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Identification, Surveillance, and Administration of Personnel Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1988;. Army Regulation 600-110.
6 +
Cowan DN, Pomerantz RS, Wann ZF, et al.  HIV infection among members of the Reserve Components of the US Army: prevalence, incidence and demographic characteristics . J Infect Dis. 1990;;162:827-836.
7 +
Kelley PW, Miller RN, Pomerantz R, Wann F, Brundage JF, Burke DS.  Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity among members of the active duty US Army: 1985-89 . Am J Public Health. 1990;;80:405-410.
8 +
Burke DS, Brundage JF, Herbold JR, et al.  Human immunodeficiency virus infections among civilian applicants for United States military service, October 1985 to March 1986 . N Engl J Med. 1987;;317:132-136.
9 +
Official Guard and Reserve Manpower Strengths and Statistics . Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs; 1990;. Publication RCS DD-RA(M)1147/ 1148.
10 +
Commissioned Officer Classification System . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1985;. Army Regulation 611-101.
11 +
Manual of Warrant Officer Military Occupational Specialties . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1988;. Army Regulation 611-112.
12 +
Enlisted Career Management Fields and Military Occupational Specialties . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1985;. Army Regulation 611-201.
13 +
Dictionary of Occupational Titles . 4th ed. Washington, DC: US Dept of Labor; 1977;.
14 +
Lemeshow S, Hosmer D.  Estimating odds ratios with categorically scaled covariates in multiple logistic regression analysis . Am J Epidemiol. 1984;;119:147-151.
15 +
Miettinen OS.  Estimability and estimation in case-referent studies . Am J Epidemiol. 1976;;103:226-235.
16 +
Beekmann SE, Fahey BJ, Gerberding JL, Henderson DK.  Risky business: using necessarily imprecise casualty counts to estimate occupational risks for HIV-1 infection . Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1990;;11:371-379.
17 +
Nutter RD, Thomas RW.  An analysis of psychiatric patient attributes in Salford using categorical data models . Soc Sci Med. 1990;;30:83-94.
18 +
Bland RC, Orn H, Newman SC.  Lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton . Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1988;;338:24-32.
19 +
Guenel P, Engholm G, Lynge E.  Laryngeal cancer in Denmark: a nationwide longitudinal study based on register linkage data . Br J Ind Med. 1990;;47:473-479.
20 +
Kato I, Tominaga S, Terao C.  An epidemiological study on marital status and cancer incidence . Jpn J Cancer Res. 1989;;80:306-311.
21 +
Scholefield JH, Thornton JH, Cuzick J, Northover JM.  Anal cancer and marital status . Br J Cancer. 1990;;62:286-288.
22 +
Biggar RJ, Burnett W, Mikl J, Nasca P.  Cancer among New York men at risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome . Int J Cancer. 1989;;15: 43:979-985.
23 +
Bernstein L, Levin D, Menck H, Ross RK.  AIDS-related secular trends in cancer in Los Angeles County men: a comparison by marital status . Cancer Res. 1989;;49:466-470.
24 +
Harry J.  A probability sample of gay males . J Homosex. 1990;;19:89-104.
25 +
Fay RE, Turner CF, Klassen AD, Gagnon JH.  Prevalence and patterns of same-gender sexual contact among men . Science. 1989;;243:338-348.
26 +
Gagnon JH, Lindenbaum S, Martin JL, et al.  Sexual behavior and AIDS . In: Turner CF, Miller HG, Moses LE, eds. AIDS Sexual Behavior and Intravenous Drug Use . Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1989;:102-108.
27 +
McKusick L, Wiley JA, Coates TJ, et al.  Reported changes in the sexual behavior of men at risk for AIDS, San Francisco, 1982-84: the AIDS Behavioral Research Project . Public Health Rep. 1985;;100:622-629.
28 +
Wells JA, Will A, Sell R, Valleron A-J, Cohen M, DeFilippes P.  HIV transmission knowledge, beliefs about personal risk of AIDS and condom use in the US, France, and UK . Presented at the Sixth International Conference on AIDS; June 21, 1990 ; San Francisco, Calif. Abstract Th.C.106.
29 +
Chamberland M, Petersen L, Grindon A, Busch M, Ness P,  HIV Blood Donor Study Group. HIV infection in health-care workers who are blood donors . Presented at the Sixth International Conference on AIDS; June 21, 1990 ; San Francisco, Calif. Abstract Th.C.600.

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1 +
Gerbert B, Maguire B, Badner V, Altman D, Stone G.  Why fear persists: health care professionals and AIDS . JAMA. 1988;;260:3481-3483.
2 +
Becker CE, Cone JE, Gerberding J.  Occupational infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) . Ann Intern Med. 1989;;110:653-656.
3 +
Henderson DK, Fahey BJ, Willy M, et al.  Risk for occupational transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) associated with clinical exposures: a prospective evaluation . Ann Intern Med. 1990;;113:740-746.
4 +
 AIDS and HIV update: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus infection among health-care workers . JAMA. 1988;;259:2817-2821.
5 +
Identification, Surveillance, and Administration of Personnel Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1988;. Army Regulation 600-110.
6 +
Cowan DN, Pomerantz RS, Wann ZF, et al.  HIV infection among members of the Reserve Components of the US Army: prevalence, incidence and demographic characteristics . J Infect Dis. 1990;;162:827-836.
7 +
Kelley PW, Miller RN, Pomerantz R, Wann F, Brundage JF, Burke DS.  Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity among members of the active duty US Army: 1985-89 . Am J Public Health. 1990;;80:405-410.
8 +
Burke DS, Brundage JF, Herbold JR, et al.  Human immunodeficiency virus infections among civilian applicants for United States military service, October 1985 to March 1986 . N Engl J Med. 1987;;317:132-136.
9 +
Official Guard and Reserve Manpower Strengths and Statistics . Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs; 1990;. Publication RCS DD-RA(M)1147/ 1148.
10 +
Commissioned Officer Classification System . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1985;. Army Regulation 611-101.
11 +
Manual of Warrant Officer Military Occupational Specialties . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1988;. Army Regulation 611-112.
12 +
Enlisted Career Management Fields and Military Occupational Specialties . Washington, DC: US Dept of the Army; 1985;. Army Regulation 611-201.
13 +
Dictionary of Occupational Titles . 4th ed. Washington, DC: US Dept of Labor; 1977;.
14 +
Lemeshow S, Hosmer D.  Estimating odds ratios with categorically scaled covariates in multiple logistic regression analysis . Am J Epidemiol. 1984;;119:147-151.
15 +
Miettinen OS.  Estimability and estimation in case-referent studies . Am J Epidemiol. 1976;;103:226-235.
16 +
Beekmann SE, Fahey BJ, Gerberding JL, Henderson DK.  Risky business: using necessarily imprecise casualty counts to estimate occupational risks for HIV-1 infection . Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1990;;11:371-379.
17 +
Nutter RD, Thomas RW.  An analysis of psychiatric patient attributes in Salford using categorical data models . Soc Sci Med. 1990;;30:83-94.
18 +
Bland RC, Orn H, Newman SC.  Lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton . Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1988;;338:24-32.
19 +
Guenel P, Engholm G, Lynge E.  Laryngeal cancer in Denmark: a nationwide longitudinal study based on register linkage data . Br J Ind Med. 1990;;47:473-479.
20 +
Kato I, Tominaga S, Terao C.  An epidemiological study on marital status and cancer incidence . Jpn J Cancer Res. 1989;;80:306-311.
21 +
Scholefield JH, Thornton JH, Cuzick J, Northover JM.  Anal cancer and marital status . Br J Cancer. 1990;;62:286-288.
22 +
Biggar RJ, Burnett W, Mikl J, Nasca P.  Cancer among New York men at risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome . Int J Cancer. 1989;;15: 43:979-985.
23 +
Bernstein L, Levin D, Menck H, Ross RK.  AIDS-related secular trends in cancer in Los Angeles County men: a comparison by marital status . Cancer Res. 1989;;49:466-470.
24 +
Harry J.  A probability sample of gay males . J Homosex. 1990;;19:89-104.
25 +
Fay RE, Turner CF, Klassen AD, Gagnon JH.  Prevalence and patterns of same-gender sexual contact among men . Science. 1989;;243:338-348.
26 +
Gagnon JH, Lindenbaum S, Martin JL, et al.  Sexual behavior and AIDS . In: Turner CF, Miller HG, Moses LE, eds. AIDS Sexual Behavior and Intravenous Drug Use . Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1989;:102-108.
27 +
McKusick L, Wiley JA, Coates TJ, et al.  Reported changes in the sexual behavior of men at risk for AIDS, San Francisco, 1982-84: the AIDS Behavioral Research Project . Public Health Rep. 1985;;100:622-629.
28 +
Wells JA, Will A, Sell R, Valleron A-J, Cohen M, DeFilippes P.  HIV transmission knowledge, beliefs about personal risk of AIDS and condom use in the US, France, and UK . Presented at the Sixth International Conference on AIDS; June 21, 1990 ; San Francisco, Calif. Abstract Th.C.106.
29 +
Chamberland M, Petersen L, Grindon A, Busch M, Ness P,  HIV Blood Donor Study Group. HIV infection in health-care workers who are blood donors . Presented at the Sixth International Conference on AIDS; June 21, 1990 ; San Francisco, Calif. Abstract Th.C.600.

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