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ARTICLE |

Health Issues at the US-Mexican Border FREE

David C. Warner, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, Drawer Y, University Station, Austin, TX 78713 (Dr Warner).


JAMA. 1991;265(2):242-247. doi:10.1001/jama.1991.03460020096036
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With a rapidly growing population, increasing manufacturing activity, and increased interdependence, health issues on the US-Mexican border are demanding greater attention. It is unlikely that any other border in the world separates two nations having such variety in health status, entitlements, and utilization. Binational initiatives in the areas of environmental health and sanitation are clearly needed. Further cooperation between the United States and Mexico in provision of health services is warranted and will probably require enhanced federal funding or subsidies to be successful.

(JAMA. 1991;265:242-247)

REFERENCES

Current Population Reports, U.S. Population Characteristics, the Hispanic Population in the United States, March 1986 and 1987 . Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; 1988;:7-8.
Alba F.  The Mexican demographic situation . In: Bean F, Schmandt J, Weintraub S. Mexican and Central American Population and U.S. Immigration Policy . Austin, Tex: Center for Mexican-American Studies, University of Texas; 1989;:5-32.
Diaz-Briquets S.  The Central American demographic situation . In: Bean F, Schmandt J, Weintraub S. Mexican and Central American Population and U.S. Immigration Policy . Austin, Tex: Center for Mexican-American Studies, University of Texas; 1989;:33-64.
Portes A. Unauthorized Immigration and Immigration Reform: Present Trends and Prospects . Washington, DC: Commission for the Study of International Migration and Cooperative Economic Development; 1989;. Working paper 7.
Hansen N. The Border Economy: Regional Development in the Southwest . Austin, Tex: University of Texas Press; 1981;.
Holz R, Shane C, Davies. Third World Texas: Colonias in the Lower Rio Grande Valley . Austin, Tex: Department of Geography, University of Texas; 1989;.
Health Care Availability in the Texas-Mexico Border Area . Washington, DC: US General Accounting Office; 1988;.
1988 Population Projections for California Counties . Sacramento, Calif: Department of Health Services, Birth Records 1988, State of California Department of Finance; (March) 1989;. Baseline 86.
Bradshaw B.  Mortality in Mexico: a review . In: Rosenwaike I, ed. Mortality of the Hispanic Population of the United States . Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press Inc. In press.
Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics . Phoenix, Arizona: Department of Health Services; 1989;.
Chan L, McCandless R, Portnoy B, et al. Maternal and Child Health on the U.S.-Mexico Border . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1987;.
Bureau of Vital Statistics. Live Births Statistical File—1988 . Austin, Tex: Bureau of State Health Data and Policy Analysis, Population Data System, Texas Department of Health; 1986;.
 Direccion General de Planificacion Familar . Mexico: Encuesta Nacional Sobre Fecundidad y Salud 1987 . Mexico City, Mexico: Secretaria de Salud; (July) 1988;:36. Table 5.3.
Alba F, Potter J.  Population and development in Mexico since 1940: an interpretation . Popul Dev Rev. 1986;;12:47-75.
McDermott C. Family Planning in Mexico: A Multi-Sectoral Approach . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1989;.
Mendoza FS, Ventura SJ, Castillo RO, et al.  Selected measures of health status for Mexican-American, mainland Puerto Rican, and Cuban-American children . JAMA . 1991;;265:227-232.
Malina RM, Zavaleta AN, Little BB.  Body size, fatness and leanness of Mexican-American children in Brownsville, Texas: changes between 1972 and 1983 . Am J Public Health . 1987;;77:573-577.
 Direccion General de Planificacion Familar . Mexico: Encuesta Nacional Sobre Fecundidad y Salud 1987 . Mexico City, Mexico: Secretaria de Salud; (July) 1989;:92. Table 9.1.
U.S.-Mexico Border Health Statistics . El Paso, Tex: Pan American Health Organization Field Office; (December) 1989;:61.
Ortiz A. Comparative Study of Infant Mortality in the Texas-Mexico Border Area of Laredo/ Nuevo Laredo . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs; 1984;. Working paper 29.
Valdespino G, Izazola LJ, Rico GB.  AIDS in Mexico: trends and projections . PAHO Bull. 1989;;23:20-23.
Nichols A.  AIDS along the U.S.-Mexico border (with emphasis on Mexico) . Border Health . (August) 1989;:30-32.
Hafkin B, Kaplan J, Reed C, et al.  Reintroduction of dengue fever into the continental United States . Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1982;;32:1222-1228.
Bureau of Epidemiology Division. Reported Morbidity and Mortality in Texas 1986 Annual Summary . Austin, Tex: Texas Department of Health; 1987;:13.
Pinheiro F.  Dengue in the Americas 1980-87 . Epidemiol Bull. 1989;;10:1-8.
Lloyd W.  Growth of the municipal water system in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico . In: Sepulueda C, Utton U. The U.S.-Mexico Border Region: Anticipating Resource Needs and Issues to the Year 2000 . El Paso, Tex: Texas Western Press; 1984;:215-227.
Council on Scientific Affairs.  A permanent United States-Mexico environmental health commission . JAMA . 1990;;263:3319-3321.
Collins H.  Overview of border health in California . Presented at the Texas Medical Association Border Health Conference; August 23, 1989; El Paso ,
Landrigan PJ, Gehlbach SH, Rosenblum BF.  Epidemic lead absorption near an ore smelter: the role of particulate lead . N Engl J Med. 1975;; 292:123-129.
 EPA lists areas failing to meet ozone or carbon monoxide standards . EPA Environ News . (May 3) , 1988;:1-8.
Appelgate HG, Bath CR, Brannon JT.  Binational emissions trading in an international air shed: the case of El Paso, Texas and Cuidad Juarez . J Borderland Stud. 1989;;4:1-25.
Bock K. Maquiladoras, Hazardous Substances and San Diego . San Diego, Calif: San Diego County Department of Environmental Health; (August) 1989;. Draft report.
Eaton D, Anderson J. The State of the Rio Grande Rio Bravo . Tucson, Ariz: University of Arizona Press; 1987;.
Lawrence A. Health Issues on the Texas-Mexico Border . Austin, Tex: University of Texas; 1989;. Plan II, senior paper.
Powell-Griner E. Characteristics of Births in Two Areas of Texas: 1980 . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1983;. Working paper 21.
Indigent Health Care Review Committee of the Health Planning Advisory Committee of the Lower Rio Grande Development Council. The Valley Primary Health Care Review Report, July 1988 . Houston, Tex: University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health; (August) 1989;.
Fowkes V, Fowkes W, Walters EG. Assessment of Factors Which Impede Development of Area Health Education Centers in Medically Underserved Areas Along the U.S.-Mexico Border in Texas . Stanford, Calif: United Management Systems of Arizona and Division of Family and Community Medicine, Stanford University; (July) 1989;.
Sosa FC, Soler MO.  Utilization of health services in Hermosillo Sonora by United States residents . Border Health . 1988;;4:27-35.
Guendelman S, Jasis-Sildber M. Crossing the Border for Health Care: The Binational Use of Services by Mexican Residents of Tijuana . Berkely, Calif: 1988;.
Nichols A, Estrada A, LaBrec P.  Survey of binational use of services by Mexican residents of Tijuana who cross the border for health care . Public Health Rep. In press.
Zinnecker AK. The Use of U.S. Health Services by Mexican Nationals Along the Texas-Mexico Border . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1990;. Professional report.
Review of the Health Situation—United States-Mexico Border and Recommendations for Binational Cooperation . Rockville, Md: Public Health Service; 1978;.
Border Health Inventory . Austin, Tex: University of Texas System Valley Task Force; 1988;.

Figures

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

Current Population Reports, U.S. Population Characteristics, the Hispanic Population in the United States, March 1986 and 1987 . Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; 1988;:7-8.
Alba F.  The Mexican demographic situation . In: Bean F, Schmandt J, Weintraub S. Mexican and Central American Population and U.S. Immigration Policy . Austin, Tex: Center for Mexican-American Studies, University of Texas; 1989;:5-32.
Diaz-Briquets S.  The Central American demographic situation . In: Bean F, Schmandt J, Weintraub S. Mexican and Central American Population and U.S. Immigration Policy . Austin, Tex: Center for Mexican-American Studies, University of Texas; 1989;:33-64.
Portes A. Unauthorized Immigration and Immigration Reform: Present Trends and Prospects . Washington, DC: Commission for the Study of International Migration and Cooperative Economic Development; 1989;. Working paper 7.
Hansen N. The Border Economy: Regional Development in the Southwest . Austin, Tex: University of Texas Press; 1981;.
Holz R, Shane C, Davies. Third World Texas: Colonias in the Lower Rio Grande Valley . Austin, Tex: Department of Geography, University of Texas; 1989;.
Health Care Availability in the Texas-Mexico Border Area . Washington, DC: US General Accounting Office; 1988;.
1988 Population Projections for California Counties . Sacramento, Calif: Department of Health Services, Birth Records 1988, State of California Department of Finance; (March) 1989;. Baseline 86.
Bradshaw B.  Mortality in Mexico: a review . In: Rosenwaike I, ed. Mortality of the Hispanic Population of the United States . Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press Inc. In press.
Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics . Phoenix, Arizona: Department of Health Services; 1989;.
Chan L, McCandless R, Portnoy B, et al. Maternal and Child Health on the U.S.-Mexico Border . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1987;.
Bureau of Vital Statistics. Live Births Statistical File—1988 . Austin, Tex: Bureau of State Health Data and Policy Analysis, Population Data System, Texas Department of Health; 1986;.
 Direccion General de Planificacion Familar . Mexico: Encuesta Nacional Sobre Fecundidad y Salud 1987 . Mexico City, Mexico: Secretaria de Salud; (July) 1988;:36. Table 5.3.
Alba F, Potter J.  Population and development in Mexico since 1940: an interpretation . Popul Dev Rev. 1986;;12:47-75.
McDermott C. Family Planning in Mexico: A Multi-Sectoral Approach . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1989;.
Mendoza FS, Ventura SJ, Castillo RO, et al.  Selected measures of health status for Mexican-American, mainland Puerto Rican, and Cuban-American children . JAMA . 1991;;265:227-232.
Malina RM, Zavaleta AN, Little BB.  Body size, fatness and leanness of Mexican-American children in Brownsville, Texas: changes between 1972 and 1983 . Am J Public Health . 1987;;77:573-577.
 Direccion General de Planificacion Familar . Mexico: Encuesta Nacional Sobre Fecundidad y Salud 1987 . Mexico City, Mexico: Secretaria de Salud; (July) 1989;:92. Table 9.1.
U.S.-Mexico Border Health Statistics . El Paso, Tex: Pan American Health Organization Field Office; (December) 1989;:61.
Ortiz A. Comparative Study of Infant Mortality in the Texas-Mexico Border Area of Laredo/ Nuevo Laredo . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs; 1984;. Working paper 29.
Valdespino G, Izazola LJ, Rico GB.  AIDS in Mexico: trends and projections . PAHO Bull. 1989;;23:20-23.
Nichols A.  AIDS along the U.S.-Mexico border (with emphasis on Mexico) . Border Health . (August) 1989;:30-32.
Hafkin B, Kaplan J, Reed C, et al.  Reintroduction of dengue fever into the continental United States . Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1982;;32:1222-1228.
Bureau of Epidemiology Division. Reported Morbidity and Mortality in Texas 1986 Annual Summary . Austin, Tex: Texas Department of Health; 1987;:13.
Pinheiro F.  Dengue in the Americas 1980-87 . Epidemiol Bull. 1989;;10:1-8.
Lloyd W.  Growth of the municipal water system in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico . In: Sepulueda C, Utton U. The U.S.-Mexico Border Region: Anticipating Resource Needs and Issues to the Year 2000 . El Paso, Tex: Texas Western Press; 1984;:215-227.
Council on Scientific Affairs.  A permanent United States-Mexico environmental health commission . JAMA . 1990;;263:3319-3321.
Collins H.  Overview of border health in California . Presented at the Texas Medical Association Border Health Conference; August 23, 1989; El Paso ,
Landrigan PJ, Gehlbach SH, Rosenblum BF.  Epidemic lead absorption near an ore smelter: the role of particulate lead . N Engl J Med. 1975;; 292:123-129.
 EPA lists areas failing to meet ozone or carbon monoxide standards . EPA Environ News . (May 3) , 1988;:1-8.
Appelgate HG, Bath CR, Brannon JT.  Binational emissions trading in an international air shed: the case of El Paso, Texas and Cuidad Juarez . J Borderland Stud. 1989;;4:1-25.
Bock K. Maquiladoras, Hazardous Substances and San Diego . San Diego, Calif: San Diego County Department of Environmental Health; (August) 1989;. Draft report.
Eaton D, Anderson J. The State of the Rio Grande Rio Bravo . Tucson, Ariz: University of Arizona Press; 1987;.
Lawrence A. Health Issues on the Texas-Mexico Border . Austin, Tex: University of Texas; 1989;. Plan II, senior paper.
Powell-Griner E. Characteristics of Births in Two Areas of Texas: 1980 . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1983;. Working paper 21.
Indigent Health Care Review Committee of the Health Planning Advisory Committee of the Lower Rio Grande Development Council. The Valley Primary Health Care Review Report, July 1988 . Houston, Tex: University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health; (August) 1989;.
Fowkes V, Fowkes W, Walters EG. Assessment of Factors Which Impede Development of Area Health Education Centers in Medically Underserved Areas Along the U.S.-Mexico Border in Texas . Stanford, Calif: United Management Systems of Arizona and Division of Family and Community Medicine, Stanford University; (July) 1989;.
Sosa FC, Soler MO.  Utilization of health services in Hermosillo Sonora by United States residents . Border Health . 1988;;4:27-35.
Guendelman S, Jasis-Sildber M. Crossing the Border for Health Care: The Binational Use of Services by Mexican Residents of Tijuana . Berkely, Calif: 1988;.
Nichols A, Estrada A, LaBrec P.  Survey of binational use of services by Mexican residents of Tijuana who cross the border for health care . Public Health Rep. In press.
Zinnecker AK. The Use of U.S. Health Services by Mexican Nationals Along the Texas-Mexico Border . Austin, Tex: Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas; 1990;. Professional report.
Review of the Health Situation—United States-Mexico Border and Recommendations for Binational Cooperation . Rockville, Md: Public Health Service; 1978;.
Border Health Inventory . Austin, Tex: University of Texas System Valley Task Force; 1988;.
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