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January 26, 1990, Vol 263, No. 4 >
ARTICLE | January 26, 1990

Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT): Title and subTitle BreakApplications and Potential FREE

B. Leonard Holman, MD; Sabah S. Tumeh, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to the Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (Dr Holman).


JAMA. 1990;263(4):561-564. doi:10.1001/jama.1990.03440040100036
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References

Single-photon emission computed tomography has received increasing attention as radiopharmaceuticals that reflect perfusion, metabolism, and receptor and cellular function have become widely available. Perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography of the brain provides functional information useful for the diagnosis and management of stroke, dementia, and epilepsy. Single-photon emission computed tomography has been applied to myocardial, skeletal, hepatic, and tumor scintigraphy, resulting in increased diagnostic accuracy over planar imaging because background activity and overlapping tissues interfere far less with activity from the target structure when tomographic techniques are used. Single-photon emission computed tomography is substantially less expensive and far more accessible than positron emission tomography and will become an increasingly attractive alternative for transferring the positron emission tomography technology to routine clinical use. In addition, singlephoton emission computed tomography has unique applications that are increasingly finding their way into the routine practice of clinical nuclear medicine.

(JAMA. 1990;263:561-564)

REFERENCES

1 +
Kuhl DE, Edwards RQ.  Image separation radioisotope scanning . Radiology. 1963;;80:653-662.
2 +
Winchell HS, Horst WD, Braun L, Oldendorf WH, Hattner R, Parker H.  N-isopropyl-(I-123)-p-iodoamphetamine: single pass brain uptake and washout; binding to brain synaptosomes; and localization in dog and monkey brain . J Nucl Med. 1980;;21:947-952.
3 +
Holmes RA, Chaplin SB, Royston KG, et al.  Cerebral uptake and retention of Tc-99m-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (Tc-99m-HMPAO) . Nucl Med Commun. 1985;;6:443-447.
4 +
Holman BL, Hellman RS, Goldsmith SJ, et al.  Biodistribution, dosimetry, and clinical evaluation of Tc-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD) in normal subjects and in patients with chronic cerebral infarction . J Nucl Med. 1989;;30:1018-1024.
5 +
Hill TC, Holman BL, Lovett R, et al.  Initial experience with SPECT of the brain using N-iso-propyl-(I-123)-p-iodoamphetamine . J Nucl Med. 1982;;23:191-195.
6 +
Seiderer M, Krappel W, Moser E, et al.  Detection and quantification of chronic cerebrovascular disease: comparison of MR imaging, SPECT and CT . Radiology . 1989;;170:545-548.
7 +
Hill TC, Magistretti PL, Holman BL, et al.  Assessment of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in stroke using SPECT and N-isopropyl-(I-123)-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) . Stroke. 1984;;15:40-45.
8 +
Lee RG, Hill TC, Holman BL, Clouse ME.  N-isopropyl-(I-123) p-iodoamphetamine brain scans with single-photon emission tomography: discordance with transmission computed tomography . Radiology. 1982;;145:795-799.
9 +
Defer G, Moretti JL, Cesaro P, Sergent A, Raynaud C, Degos JD.  Early and delayed SPECT using N-isopropyl prognostic index for clinical recovery . Arch Neurol. 1987;;44:715-718.
10 +
Johnson KA, Holman BL, Rosen TJ, Nagel JS, English RJ, Growdon JH.  1-123 IMP SPECT is accurate in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease . Arch Intern Med. In press.
11 +
Gemmell HG, Sharp PF, Besson JA, et al.  Differential diagnosis in dementia using the cerebral blood flow agent 99mTc HM-PAO: a SPECT study . J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1987;;11:398-402.
12 +
Lee BI, Markand ON, Wellman HN, et al.  HIPDM-SPECT in patients with medically intractable complex partial seizures: ictal study . Arch Neurol. 1988;;45:397-402.
13 +
Ryding E, Rosen I, Elmqvist D, Ingvar DH.  SPECT measurements with 99mTc-HM-PAO in focal epilepsy . J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1988;;8:595-601.
14 +
Stefen H, Kuhnen C, Biersack HJ, Reichmann K.  Initial experience with 99mTc-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (HM-PAO) single photon emission computed tomography . Nucl Med Commun. 1987;;1:134-138.
15 +
Wagner HN Jr, Burns HD, Dannals RF.  Imaging dopamine receptors in the human brain by positron tomography . Science. 1983;;226:1264-1266.
16 +
Eckelman WC, Reba RC, Rzeszotarski WJ, et al.  External imaging of cerebral muscarinic acetylcholine receptors . Science. 1984;;233:291-293.
17 +
Holman BL, Gibson RE, Hill TC, Eckelman WC, Albert M, Reba RC.  Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in Alzheimer's disease: in vivo imaging with iodine 123—labeled 3-quinuclidinyl-4-iodobenzilate and emission tomography . JAMA. 1985;; 254:3063-3066.
18 +
Borges-Neto S, Maharian JJ, Jain A, Roberts R, Verani MS.  Quantitative thallium-201 single photon computed tomography after oral dipyridamole for assessing the presence, anatomic location and severity of coronary artery disease . J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;;11:962-969.
19 +
Fintel DJ, Links JM, Brinker JA, Frank TL, Parker M, Becker LC.  Improved diagnostic performance of exercise thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography over planar imaging in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease: a receiver operating characteristic analysis . J Am Coll Cardiol. 1989;;13:600-613.
20 +
Jain A, Mahmarian JJ, Borges-Neto S, et al.  Clinical significance of perfusion defects by thallium-201 single photon emission tomography following oral dipyridamole early after coronary angioplasty . J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;;11:970-975.
21 +
Wolfe CL, Jansen DE, Corbett JR, et al.  Determination of left ventricular mass using singlephoton emission computed tomography . Am J Cardiol. 1985;;56:761-764.
22 +
Narahara KA, Thompson CJ, Maublant JC, Birizendine M, Mena I.  Thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomographic estimates of left ventricular mass in patients with and without ischemic heart disease . Am Heart J. 1987;;114:84-90.
23 +
Holman BL, Jones AG, Lister-James J, et al.  A new Tc-99m—labeled myocardial imaging agent, hexakis (t-butylisonitrile) technetium (I) [Tc-99m TBI]: initial experience in the human . J Nucl Med. 1984;;25:1350-1355.
24 +
Stirner H, Buell U, Kleinhans E, Bares R, Grosse W.  Myocardial kinetics of 99mTc-hexakis-(2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile) (HMIBI) in patients with coronary artery disease: a comparative study vs 201-T1 with SPECT . Nucl Med Commun. 1988;;9:15-23.
25 +
Kiat H, Maddahi J, Roy LT, et al.  Comparison of technetium-99m isobutyl isonitrile and thallium201 for evaluation of coronary artery disease by planar and tomographic methods . Am Heart J. 1989;;117:1-11.
26 +
Stadius ML, Williams DL, Harp G, et al.  Left ventricular volume determination using single-photon emission computed tomography . Am J Cardiol. 1985;;55:1185-1191.
27 +
Caputo GR, Graham MM, Brust KD, Kennedy JW, Nelp WB.  Measurement of left ventricular volume using single-photon emission computed tomography . Am J Cardiol. 1985;;56:781-786.
28 +
Bunker SR, Harthshorne MF, Schmidt WP, et al.  Left ventricular volume determination from single-photon emission computed tomography . AJR . 1985;;144:295-298.
29 +
Holman BL, Goldhaber SZ, Kirsch CM, et al.  Measurement of infarct size using single photon emission computed tomography and technetium-99m pyrophosphate: a description of the method and comparison with patient prognosis . Am J Cardiol. 1982;;50:503-511.
30 +
Khaw BA, Gold HK, Yasuda T, et al.  Scintigraphic quantitation of myocardial necrosis in patients after intravenous injection of myosin-specific antibody . Circulation. 1986;;74:501-508.
31 +
Collier BD, Johnson RP, Carrera GF, et al.  Painful spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis studied by radiography and single photon emission computed tomography . Radiology. 1985;;154:207-211.
32 +
Fawcett HD, Sayle BA.  SPECT vs planar liver scintigraphy: is SPECT worth it? J Nucl Med. 1989;;30:57-59.
33 +
Brendel AJ, Leccia F, Drouillard J, et al.  Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), planar scintigraphy, and transmission computed tomography: a comparison of accuracy in diagnosing focal hepatic disease . Radiology . 1984;;153:527-532.
34 +
Kudo M, Ikekubo K, Yamamoto K, et al.  Distinction between hemangioma of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma: value of labeled RBC-SPECT scanning . AJR . 1989;;152:977-983.
35 +
Tumeh SS, Benson C, Nagel JS, English RJ, Holman BL.  Cavernous hemangioma of the liver: determination with single photon emission computed tomography . Radiology . 1987;;164:353-356.
36 +
Tumeh SS, Rosenthal DS, Kaplan WD, English RJ, Holman BL.  Lymphoma: evaluation with Ga-67 SPECT . Radiology . 1987;;164:111-114.
37 +
Kramer EL, Sanger JJ, Walsh C, Kanamuller H, Unger MW, Halverson C.  Contribution of SPECT to imaging of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma with 111In-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody . AJR . 1988;;151:697-703.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Kuhl DE, Edwards RQ.  Image separation radioisotope scanning . Radiology. 1963;;80:653-662.
2 +
Winchell HS, Horst WD, Braun L, Oldendorf WH, Hattner R, Parker H.  N-isopropyl-(I-123)-p-iodoamphetamine: single pass brain uptake and washout; binding to brain synaptosomes; and localization in dog and monkey brain . J Nucl Med. 1980;;21:947-952.
3 +
Holmes RA, Chaplin SB, Royston KG, et al.  Cerebral uptake and retention of Tc-99m-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (Tc-99m-HMPAO) . Nucl Med Commun. 1985;;6:443-447.
4 +
Holman BL, Hellman RS, Goldsmith SJ, et al.  Biodistribution, dosimetry, and clinical evaluation of Tc-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD) in normal subjects and in patients with chronic cerebral infarction . J Nucl Med. 1989;;30:1018-1024.
5 +
Hill TC, Holman BL, Lovett R, et al.  Initial experience with SPECT of the brain using N-iso-propyl-(I-123)-p-iodoamphetamine . J Nucl Med. 1982;;23:191-195.
6 +
Seiderer M, Krappel W, Moser E, et al.  Detection and quantification of chronic cerebrovascular disease: comparison of MR imaging, SPECT and CT . Radiology . 1989;;170:545-548.
7 +
Hill TC, Magistretti PL, Holman BL, et al.  Assessment of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in stroke using SPECT and N-isopropyl-(I-123)-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) . Stroke. 1984;;15:40-45.
8 +
Lee RG, Hill TC, Holman BL, Clouse ME.  N-isopropyl-(I-123) p-iodoamphetamine brain scans with single-photon emission tomography: discordance with transmission computed tomography . Radiology. 1982;;145:795-799.
9 +
Defer G, Moretti JL, Cesaro P, Sergent A, Raynaud C, Degos JD.  Early and delayed SPECT using N-isopropyl prognostic index for clinical recovery . Arch Neurol. 1987;;44:715-718.
10 +
Johnson KA, Holman BL, Rosen TJ, Nagel JS, English RJ, Growdon JH.  1-123 IMP SPECT is accurate in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease . Arch Intern Med. In press.
11 +
Gemmell HG, Sharp PF, Besson JA, et al.  Differential diagnosis in dementia using the cerebral blood flow agent 99mTc HM-PAO: a SPECT study . J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1987;;11:398-402.
12 +
Lee BI, Markand ON, Wellman HN, et al.  HIPDM-SPECT in patients with medically intractable complex partial seizures: ictal study . Arch Neurol. 1988;;45:397-402.
13 +
Ryding E, Rosen I, Elmqvist D, Ingvar DH.  SPECT measurements with 99mTc-HM-PAO in focal epilepsy . J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1988;;8:595-601.
14 +
Stefen H, Kuhnen C, Biersack HJ, Reichmann K.  Initial experience with 99mTc-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (HM-PAO) single photon emission computed tomography . Nucl Med Commun. 1987;;1:134-138.
15 +
Wagner HN Jr, Burns HD, Dannals RF.  Imaging dopamine receptors in the human brain by positron tomography . Science. 1983;;226:1264-1266.
16 +
Eckelman WC, Reba RC, Rzeszotarski WJ, et al.  External imaging of cerebral muscarinic acetylcholine receptors . Science. 1984;;233:291-293.
17 +
Holman BL, Gibson RE, Hill TC, Eckelman WC, Albert M, Reba RC.  Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in Alzheimer's disease: in vivo imaging with iodine 123—labeled 3-quinuclidinyl-4-iodobenzilate and emission tomography . JAMA. 1985;; 254:3063-3066.
18 +
Borges-Neto S, Maharian JJ, Jain A, Roberts R, Verani MS.  Quantitative thallium-201 single photon computed tomography after oral dipyridamole for assessing the presence, anatomic location and severity of coronary artery disease . J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;;11:962-969.
19 +
Fintel DJ, Links JM, Brinker JA, Frank TL, Parker M, Becker LC.  Improved diagnostic performance of exercise thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography over planar imaging in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease: a receiver operating characteristic analysis . J Am Coll Cardiol. 1989;;13:600-613.
20 +
Jain A, Mahmarian JJ, Borges-Neto S, et al.  Clinical significance of perfusion defects by thallium-201 single photon emission tomography following oral dipyridamole early after coronary angioplasty . J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;;11:970-975.
21 +
Wolfe CL, Jansen DE, Corbett JR, et al.  Determination of left ventricular mass using singlephoton emission computed tomography . Am J Cardiol. 1985;;56:761-764.
22 +
Narahara KA, Thompson CJ, Maublant JC, Birizendine M, Mena I.  Thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomographic estimates of left ventricular mass in patients with and without ischemic heart disease . Am Heart J. 1987;;114:84-90.
23 +
Holman BL, Jones AG, Lister-James J, et al.  A new Tc-99m—labeled myocardial imaging agent, hexakis (t-butylisonitrile) technetium (I) [Tc-99m TBI]: initial experience in the human . J Nucl Med. 1984;;25:1350-1355.
24 +
Stirner H, Buell U, Kleinhans E, Bares R, Grosse W.  Myocardial kinetics of 99mTc-hexakis-(2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile) (HMIBI) in patients with coronary artery disease: a comparative study vs 201-T1 with SPECT . Nucl Med Commun. 1988;;9:15-23.
25 +
Kiat H, Maddahi J, Roy LT, et al.  Comparison of technetium-99m isobutyl isonitrile and thallium201 for evaluation of coronary artery disease by planar and tomographic methods . Am Heart J. 1989;;117:1-11.
26 +
Stadius ML, Williams DL, Harp G, et al.  Left ventricular volume determination using single-photon emission computed tomography . Am J Cardiol. 1985;;55:1185-1191.
27 +
Caputo GR, Graham MM, Brust KD, Kennedy JW, Nelp WB.  Measurement of left ventricular volume using single-photon emission computed tomography . Am J Cardiol. 1985;;56:781-786.
28 +
Bunker SR, Harthshorne MF, Schmidt WP, et al.  Left ventricular volume determination from single-photon emission computed tomography . AJR . 1985;;144:295-298.
29 +
Holman BL, Goldhaber SZ, Kirsch CM, et al.  Measurement of infarct size using single photon emission computed tomography and technetium-99m pyrophosphate: a description of the method and comparison with patient prognosis . Am J Cardiol. 1982;;50:503-511.
30 +
Khaw BA, Gold HK, Yasuda T, et al.  Scintigraphic quantitation of myocardial necrosis in patients after intravenous injection of myosin-specific antibody . Circulation. 1986;;74:501-508.
31 +
Collier BD, Johnson RP, Carrera GF, et al.  Painful spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis studied by radiography and single photon emission computed tomography . Radiology. 1985;;154:207-211.
32 +
Fawcett HD, Sayle BA.  SPECT vs planar liver scintigraphy: is SPECT worth it? J Nucl Med. 1989;;30:57-59.
33 +
Brendel AJ, Leccia F, Drouillard J, et al.  Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), planar scintigraphy, and transmission computed tomography: a comparison of accuracy in diagnosing focal hepatic disease . Radiology . 1984;;153:527-532.
34 +
Kudo M, Ikekubo K, Yamamoto K, et al.  Distinction between hemangioma of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma: value of labeled RBC-SPECT scanning . AJR . 1989;;152:977-983.
35 +
Tumeh SS, Benson C, Nagel JS, English RJ, Holman BL.  Cavernous hemangioma of the liver: determination with single photon emission computed tomography . Radiology . 1987;;164:353-356.
36 +
Tumeh SS, Rosenthal DS, Kaplan WD, English RJ, Holman BL.  Lymphoma: evaluation with Ga-67 SPECT . Radiology . 1987;;164:111-114.
37 +
Kramer EL, Sanger JJ, Walsh C, Kanamuller H, Unger MW, Halverson C.  Contribution of SPECT to imaging of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma with 111In-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody . AJR . 1988;;151:697-703.

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