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December 1, 1989, Vol 262, No. 21 >
ARTICLE | December 1, 1989

Mandatory Reporting of Infectious Diseases by Clinicians FREE

Terence L. Chorba, MD, MPH; Ruth L. Berkelman, MD; Susan K. Safford, MD; Norma P. Gibbs; Harry F. Hull, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to the Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop F36, Atlanta, GA 30333 (Dr Chorba).


JAMA. 1989;262(21):3018-3026. doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03430210060031
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References

Reporting of cases of communicable disease is important in the planning and evaluation of disease prevention and control programs, in the assurance of appropriate medical therapy, and in the detection of common-source outbreaks. In the United States, the authority to require notification of cases of disease resides in the respective state legislatures. We examined the laws and regulations of health departments of all US jurisdictions to ascertain diseases and conditions currently required to be reported in each state or territory. We present herein the state reporting requirements for infectious diseases and infectious disease—related conditions. To obtain additional information regarding time frames for reporting, agencies to which reports are required, persons required to report, and specific conditions under which reports are required, the reader is referred to the statutes and health department regulations of the respective states.

(JAMA. 1989;262:3018-3026)

REFERENCES

1 +
Trask JW.  Vital statistics: a discussion of what they are and their uses in public health administration . Public Health Rep. 1915;;30( (suppl 12) ):1-51.
2 +
Bowditch HI, Webster DL, Hoadley JC, et al.  Letter from Massachusetts State Board of Health to physicians . Public Health Rep. 1915;;30( (suppl 12) ):31.
3 +
Manual of Procedures for National Morbidity Reporting and Public Health Surveillance Activities . Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control; 1985;.
4 +
Fowler W.  Laws and regulations relating to morbidity reporting . Public Health Rep. 1933;; 48( (suppl 100) ):1-29.
5 +
Fowler W.  The reportable diseases: diseases and conditions required to be reported in the several states . Public Health Rep. 1944;;59:317-340.
6 +
Benenson AS, ed. Control of Communicable Diseases in Man . 14th ed. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association; 1985;.
7 +
Centers for Disease Control.  National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act: requirements for permanent vaccination records and for reporting of selected events after vaccination . MMWR. 1988;;37:197-200.
8 +
Freund E, Seligman PJ, Chorba TL, Safford SK, Drachman JG, Hull HF.  Mandatory reporting of occupational diseases by clinicians . JAMA. 1989;;262:3041-3044.
9 +
Valleron A-J, Bouvet E, Garnerin P, et al.  A computer network for the surveillance of communicable diseases: the French experiment . Am J Public Health . 1986;;76:1289-1292.
10 +
Thacker SB, Choi K, Brachman PS.  The surveillance of infectious diseases . JAMA. 1983;;249:1181-1185.
11 +
Moro ML, McCormick A.  Surveillance of communicable disease . In: Eylenbosch WJ, Noah ND, eds. Surveillance in Health and Disease . New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1988;:166-182.
12 +
Carter AO.  Notifiable diseases in Canada . Can Med Assoc J. 1988;;139:645-648.
13 +
 Centers for Disease Control. Guidelines for evaluating surveillance systems . MMWR . 1988;; 37( (suppl S-5) ):1-18.
14 +
Sacks JJ.  Utilization of case definitions and laboratory reporting in the surveillance of notifiable communicable diseases in the United States . Am J Public Health. 1985;;75:1420-1422.
15 +
 Centers for Disease Control and Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Case definitions for surveillance of notifiable diseases—administrative report . MMWR . In press.
16 +
Thacker SB, Berkelman RL.  Public health surveillance in the United States . Epidemiol Rev. 1988;;10:164-190.
17 +
Lowry PW, Levine R, Stroup DF, Gunn RA, Wilder MH, Konigsberger C.  Hepatitis A outbreak on a floating restaurant in Florida, 1986 . Am J Epidemiol. 1989;;129:155-164.
18 +
 Centers for Disease Control. Hepatitis B associated with jet gun injection—California . MMWR. 1986;;35:373-376.
19 +
Reingold AL, Kane MA, Murphy BL, Checko P, Francis DP, Maynard JE.  Transmission of hepatitis B by an oral surgeon . J Infect Dis. 1982;; 145:262-268.
20 +
 Centers for Disease Control. Non-A, non-B hepatitis—Illinois . MMWR. 1989;;38:529-562.
21 +
Davis JP, Vergeront JM.  The effect of publicity on the reporting of toxic-shock in Wisconsin . J Infect Dis. 1982;;145:449-457.
22 +
Todd JK, Wiesenthal AM, Ressman M, Caston SA, Hopkins RS.  Toxic shock syndrome, II: estimated occurrence in Colorado as influenced by case ascertainment methods . Am J Epidemiol. 1985;; 122:857-867.
23 +
Francis DP, Hadler SC, Prendergast TJ, et al.  Occurrence of hepatitis A, B, and non-A/non-B in the United States: CDC Sentinel County Hepatitis Study I . Am J Med. 1984;;76:69-74.
24 +
Eisenberg MS, Wiesner PJ.  Reporting and treating gonorrhea: results of a statewide survey in Alaska . J Am Venereal Dis Assoc. 1976;;3:79-83.
25 +
Centers for Disease Control.  National surveillance for Reye syndrome, 1981: update—Reye syndrome and salicylate usage . MMWR. 1982;;31:53-56,61.
26 +
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Surveillance Report, January 1978—March 1979 . Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control; 1980;.
27 +
Vogt RL, LaRue D, Klaucke DN, Jillson DA.  Comparison of an active and passive surveillance system of primary care providers for hepatitis, measles, rubella, and salmonellosis in Vermont . Am J Public Health. 1983;;73:795-797.
28 +
Vogt RL, Clark SW, Kappel S.  Evaluation of the state surveillance system using hospital discharge diagnoses, 1982-1983 . Am J Epidemiol. 1986;;123:197-198.
29 +
Reichelderfer PS, Kappus KD, Kendal AP.  Economical laboratory support system for influenza virus surveillance . J Clin Microbiol. 1987;; 25:947-948.
30 +
Godes JR, Hall WN, Dean AG, Morse CD.  Laboratory-based disease surveillance: a survey of state laboratory directors . Minn Med. 1982;;65:762-764.
31 +
Davis JP, Bohn MJ.  The extent of underreporting of meningococcal disease in Wisconsin, 1980-1982 . Wis Med J. 1984;;83:11-14.
32 +
Choi K, Thacker SB.  An evaluation of influenza mortality surveillance, 1962-79,I: time series forecasts of expected pneumonia and influenza deaths . Am J Epidemiol. 1981;;113:215-226.
33 +
Graitcer PL, Burton AH.  The epidemiologic surveillance project: a computer-based system for disease surveillance . Am J Prev Med. 1987;;3:123-127.
34 +
Stroup DF, Williamson GD, Herndon JL, Karon JM.  Detection of aberrations in the occurrence of notifiable diseases surveillance data . Stat Med. 1989;;8:323-329.
35 +
International Health Regulations (1969) . 3rd annotated ed. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1983;.
36 +
Konowitz PM, Petrossian GA, Rose DN.  The underreporting of disease and physicians' knowledge of reporting requirements . Public Health Rep. 1984;;99:31-35.
37 +
Disease Surveillance: Who Reports? Burlington: Vermont Dept of Health; 1988;. Vermont Dept of Health Disease Control Bulletin.
38 +
Alter MJ, Mares A, Hadler SC, Maynard JE.  The effect of underreporting on the apparent incidence and epidemiology of acute viral hepatitis . Am J Epidemiol. 1987;;125:133-139.
39 +
Kimball AM, Thacker SB, Levy ME.  Shigella surveillance in a large metropolitan area: assessment of a passive reporting system . Am J Public Health. 1980;;70:164-166.
40 +
Chalker RD, Blaser MJ.  A review of human salmonellosis, III: magnitude of Salmonella infection in the United States . Rev Infect Dis. 1988;; 10:111-124.
41 +
 Hepatitis A cluster: a need to report disease occurrence . Del Monthly Surveill Rep. 1989;;89:1-2.
42 +
Hinman AR, Eddins DL, Kirby CD, et al.  Progress in measles elimination . JAMA. 1982;;247: 1592-1595.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Trask JW.  Vital statistics: a discussion of what they are and their uses in public health administration . Public Health Rep. 1915;;30( (suppl 12) ):1-51.
2 +
Bowditch HI, Webster DL, Hoadley JC, et al.  Letter from Massachusetts State Board of Health to physicians . Public Health Rep. 1915;;30( (suppl 12) ):31.
3 +
Manual of Procedures for National Morbidity Reporting and Public Health Surveillance Activities . Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control; 1985;.
4 +
Fowler W.  Laws and regulations relating to morbidity reporting . Public Health Rep. 1933;; 48( (suppl 100) ):1-29.
5 +
Fowler W.  The reportable diseases: diseases and conditions required to be reported in the several states . Public Health Rep. 1944;;59:317-340.
6 +
Benenson AS, ed. Control of Communicable Diseases in Man . 14th ed. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association; 1985;.
7 +
Centers for Disease Control.  National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act: requirements for permanent vaccination records and for reporting of selected events after vaccination . MMWR. 1988;;37:197-200.
8 +
Freund E, Seligman PJ, Chorba TL, Safford SK, Drachman JG, Hull HF.  Mandatory reporting of occupational diseases by clinicians . JAMA. 1989;;262:3041-3044.
9 +
Valleron A-J, Bouvet E, Garnerin P, et al.  A computer network for the surveillance of communicable diseases: the French experiment . Am J Public Health . 1986;;76:1289-1292.
10 +
Thacker SB, Choi K, Brachman PS.  The surveillance of infectious diseases . JAMA. 1983;;249:1181-1185.
11 +
Moro ML, McCormick A.  Surveillance of communicable disease . In: Eylenbosch WJ, Noah ND, eds. Surveillance in Health and Disease . New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1988;:166-182.
12 +
Carter AO.  Notifiable diseases in Canada . Can Med Assoc J. 1988;;139:645-648.
13 +
 Centers for Disease Control. Guidelines for evaluating surveillance systems . MMWR . 1988;; 37( (suppl S-5) ):1-18.
14 +
Sacks JJ.  Utilization of case definitions and laboratory reporting in the surveillance of notifiable communicable diseases in the United States . Am J Public Health. 1985;;75:1420-1422.
15 +
 Centers for Disease Control and Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Case definitions for surveillance of notifiable diseases—administrative report . MMWR . In press.
16 +
Thacker SB, Berkelman RL.  Public health surveillance in the United States . Epidemiol Rev. 1988;;10:164-190.
17 +
Lowry PW, Levine R, Stroup DF, Gunn RA, Wilder MH, Konigsberger C.  Hepatitis A outbreak on a floating restaurant in Florida, 1986 . Am J Epidemiol. 1989;;129:155-164.
18 +
 Centers for Disease Control. Hepatitis B associated with jet gun injection—California . MMWR. 1986;;35:373-376.
19 +
Reingold AL, Kane MA, Murphy BL, Checko P, Francis DP, Maynard JE.  Transmission of hepatitis B by an oral surgeon . J Infect Dis. 1982;; 145:262-268.
20 +
 Centers for Disease Control. Non-A, non-B hepatitis—Illinois . MMWR. 1989;;38:529-562.
21 +
Davis JP, Vergeront JM.  The effect of publicity on the reporting of toxic-shock in Wisconsin . J Infect Dis. 1982;;145:449-457.
22 +
Todd JK, Wiesenthal AM, Ressman M, Caston SA, Hopkins RS.  Toxic shock syndrome, II: estimated occurrence in Colorado as influenced by case ascertainment methods . Am J Epidemiol. 1985;; 122:857-867.
23 +
Francis DP, Hadler SC, Prendergast TJ, et al.  Occurrence of hepatitis A, B, and non-A/non-B in the United States: CDC Sentinel County Hepatitis Study I . Am J Med. 1984;;76:69-74.
24 +
Eisenberg MS, Wiesner PJ.  Reporting and treating gonorrhea: results of a statewide survey in Alaska . J Am Venereal Dis Assoc. 1976;;3:79-83.
25 +
Centers for Disease Control.  National surveillance for Reye syndrome, 1981: update—Reye syndrome and salicylate usage . MMWR. 1982;;31:53-56,61.
26 +
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Surveillance Report, January 1978—March 1979 . Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control; 1980;.
27 +
Vogt RL, LaRue D, Klaucke DN, Jillson DA.  Comparison of an active and passive surveillance system of primary care providers for hepatitis, measles, rubella, and salmonellosis in Vermont . Am J Public Health. 1983;;73:795-797.
28 +
Vogt RL, Clark SW, Kappel S.  Evaluation of the state surveillance system using hospital discharge diagnoses, 1982-1983 . Am J Epidemiol. 1986;;123:197-198.
29 +
Reichelderfer PS, Kappus KD, Kendal AP.  Economical laboratory support system for influenza virus surveillance . J Clin Microbiol. 1987;; 25:947-948.
30 +
Godes JR, Hall WN, Dean AG, Morse CD.  Laboratory-based disease surveillance: a survey of state laboratory directors . Minn Med. 1982;;65:762-764.
31 +
Davis JP, Bohn MJ.  The extent of underreporting of meningococcal disease in Wisconsin, 1980-1982 . Wis Med J. 1984;;83:11-14.
32 +
Choi K, Thacker SB.  An evaluation of influenza mortality surveillance, 1962-79,I: time series forecasts of expected pneumonia and influenza deaths . Am J Epidemiol. 1981;;113:215-226.
33 +
Graitcer PL, Burton AH.  The epidemiologic surveillance project: a computer-based system for disease surveillance . Am J Prev Med. 1987;;3:123-127.
34 +
Stroup DF, Williamson GD, Herndon JL, Karon JM.  Detection of aberrations in the occurrence of notifiable diseases surveillance data . Stat Med. 1989;;8:323-329.
35 +
International Health Regulations (1969) . 3rd annotated ed. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1983;.
36 +
Konowitz PM, Petrossian GA, Rose DN.  The underreporting of disease and physicians' knowledge of reporting requirements . Public Health Rep. 1984;;99:31-35.
37 +
Disease Surveillance: Who Reports? Burlington: Vermont Dept of Health; 1988;. Vermont Dept of Health Disease Control Bulletin.
38 +
Alter MJ, Mares A, Hadler SC, Maynard JE.  The effect of underreporting on the apparent incidence and epidemiology of acute viral hepatitis . Am J Epidemiol. 1987;;125:133-139.
39 +
Kimball AM, Thacker SB, Levy ME.  Shigella surveillance in a large metropolitan area: assessment of a passive reporting system . Am J Public Health. 1980;;70:164-166.
40 +
Chalker RD, Blaser MJ.  A review of human salmonellosis, III: magnitude of Salmonella infection in the United States . Rev Infect Dis. 1988;; 10:111-124.
41 +
 Hepatitis A cluster: a need to report disease occurrence . Del Monthly Surveill Rep. 1989;;89:1-2.
42 +
Hinman AR, Eddins DL, Kirby CD, et al.  Progress in measles elimination . JAMA. 1982;;247: 1592-1595.

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