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January 13, 1989, Vol 261, No. 2 >
ARTICLE | January 13, 1989

Access to Medical Care for Black and White Americans: Title and subTitle BreakA Matter of Continuing Concern FREE

Christopher R. Corey, MA; Howard E. Freeman, PhD; Linda H. Aiken, PhD; Robert J. Blendon, ScD
[+] Author Affiliations

The views expressed are those of the authors and no endorsement by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is intended or should be inferred.

Reprint requests to Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (Dr Blendon).


JAMA. 1989;261(2):278-281. doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03420020132045
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A 1986 national survey of use of health services shows a significant deficit in access to health care among black compared with white Americans. This gap was experienced by all income levels of black Americans. In addition, the study points to significant underuse by blacks of needed medical care. Moreover, blacks compared with whites are less likely to be satisfied with the qualitative ways their physicians treat them when they are ill, more dissatisfied with the care they receive when hospitalized, and more likely to believe that the duration of their hospitalizations is too short.

(JAMA 1989;261:278-281)

REFERENCES

1 +
Special Report: Updated Report on Access to Health Care for the American People . Princeton, NJ, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 1983;.
2 +
National Center for Health Statistics: Health, United States, 1987 , DHHS publication (PHS) 88-1232. Dept of Health and Human Services, 1987;.
3 +
Hadley J: More Medical Care, Better Health? Washington, DC, Urban Institute Press, 1982;.
4 +
Kleinman JC, Gold M, Makuc D:  Use of ambulatory medical care by the poor: Another look at equity . Med Care 1981;;19:1011-1028.
5 +
Report of the Secretary's Task Force on Black and Minority Health . Dept of Health and Human Services, (August) 1985;.
6 +
Freeman HE, Blendon RJ, Aiken LH, et al:  Americans report on their access to care . Health Aff 1987;;6:6-18.
7 +
Committee on the Costs of Medical Care: Medical Care for the American People . New York, Arno Press, 1972;.
8 +
Securing Access to Health Care . President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, 1983;.
9 +
Blendon RJ, Aiken LH, Freeman HE, et al:  Uncompensated care by hospitals or public insurance for the poor . N Engl J Med 1986;;314:1160-1163.
10 +
Rogers DE, Blendon RJ, Moloney TW:  Who needs Medicaid? N Engl J Med 1982;;307:13-18.
11 +
Davies AR, Ware JE: Measuring Health Perceptions in the Health Insurance Experiment . Santa Monica, Calif, RAND Corp, 1981;.
12 +
Maddox G, Douglass E:  Self-assessment of health: A longitudinal study of elderly subjects . J Health Soc Behav 1983;;14:87-93.
13 +
Yergan J, LoGerfo J, Shortell S, et al:  Health status as a measure of need for medical care: A critique . Med Care 1981;;19( (suppl 12) ):57-68.
14 +
Erdman K, Wolfe S: Poor Health Care for Poor Americans: A Ranking of State Medicaid Programs . Washington, DC, Public Citizen Health Research Group, 1987;.
15 +
Blendon RJ, Rogers DE:  Cutting medical care costs: Primum non nocere . JAMA 1983;;250:1880-1885.

Figures

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Interactive Graphics

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Special Report: Updated Report on Access to Health Care for the American People . Princeton, NJ, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 1983;.
2 +
National Center for Health Statistics: Health, United States, 1987 , DHHS publication (PHS) 88-1232. Dept of Health and Human Services, 1987;.
3 +
Hadley J: More Medical Care, Better Health? Washington, DC, Urban Institute Press, 1982;.
4 +
Kleinman JC, Gold M, Makuc D:  Use of ambulatory medical care by the poor: Another look at equity . Med Care 1981;;19:1011-1028.
5 +
Report of the Secretary's Task Force on Black and Minority Health . Dept of Health and Human Services, (August) 1985;.
6 +
Freeman HE, Blendon RJ, Aiken LH, et al:  Americans report on their access to care . Health Aff 1987;;6:6-18.
7 +
Committee on the Costs of Medical Care: Medical Care for the American People . New York, Arno Press, 1972;.
8 +
Securing Access to Health Care . President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, 1983;.
9 +
Blendon RJ, Aiken LH, Freeman HE, et al:  Uncompensated care by hospitals or public insurance for the poor . N Engl J Med 1986;;314:1160-1163.
10 +
Rogers DE, Blendon RJ, Moloney TW:  Who needs Medicaid? N Engl J Med 1982;;307:13-18.
11 +
Davies AR, Ware JE: Measuring Health Perceptions in the Health Insurance Experiment . Santa Monica, Calif, RAND Corp, 1981;.
12 +
Maddox G, Douglass E:  Self-assessment of health: A longitudinal study of elderly subjects . J Health Soc Behav 1983;;14:87-93.
13 +
Yergan J, LoGerfo J, Shortell S, et al:  Health status as a measure of need for medical care: A critique . Med Care 1981;;19( (suppl 12) ):57-68.
14 +
Erdman K, Wolfe S: Poor Health Care for Poor Americans: A Ranking of State Medicaid Programs . Washington, DC, Public Citizen Health Research Group, 1987;.
15 +
Blendon RJ, Rogers DE:  Cutting medical care costs: Primum non nocere . JAMA 1983;;250:1880-1885.

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