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Pathology FREE

Roger D. Smith, MD
JAMA. 1989;261(19):2872-2874. doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03420190148051
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Transfer of molecular genetic technology and knowledge from the research to the diagnostic laboratory is giving the pathologist new, powerful tools to diagnose and monitor disease. The most immediate application is the use of nucleic acid probes to detect viral genomic material in cytological smears or microscopic sections by in situ hybridization.1 Hybridization either with a radioactive recombinant DNA or RNA for autoradiography or with a nonradioactively labeled nucleic acid to produce a visible product now can be performed with commercially available reagents. This identifies genomic sequences of adenoviruses, BK and JC viruses (human polyomavirus), cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus-1 and -2, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I, hepatitis A and B viruses, and human papillomaviruses. Unfortunately, in situ hybridization is still relatively insensitive since 100 to 200 genomic copies or more are needed in a single cell for detection so that negative or equivocal

REFERENCES

Grady WW, Cheng L, Lewin KJ.  In situ viral DNA hybridization in diagnostic surgical pathology . Hum Pathol. 1987;;18:535-543.
Landgren U, Kaiser R, Caskay CT, Hood L.  DNA diagnostic molecular techniques and automation . Science . 1988;;242:229-237.
Cossman J, Uppenkamp M, Sundeen J, Coupland R, Raffeld M.  Molecular genetics and the diagnosis of lymphoma . Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1988;;112:117-127.
Tsujimoto Y, Croce CM.  Analysis of the structure, transcripts and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1986;;83:5214-5218.
Wright JJ, Poplack D, Bakhstri A, et al.  Gene rearrangement as markers of clonal variation and minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia . J Clin Oncol. 1987;;5:735-741.
Crescenzi M, Seto M, Herzig GP, Weiss PD, Griffith RC, Korsemeyer SJ:  Thermostable DNA polymerase chain amplification of t(14;18) chromosome breakpoints and detection of minimal residual disease . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA . 1988;;85:4869-4873.
Tenover FC:  Diagnostic deoxyribonucleic acid probes for infectious disease . Clin Microbiol Rev. 1988;;1:82-101.
Ellmer PD, Kiehn TE, Cammarata R, Hasmer M:  Rapid detection and identification of pathogenic mycobacteria by combining radiometric and nucleic acid probe methods . J Clin Microbiol. 1988;;26:1349-1352.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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Grady WW, Cheng L, Lewin KJ.  In situ viral DNA hybridization in diagnostic surgical pathology . Hum Pathol. 1987;;18:535-543.
Landgren U, Kaiser R, Caskay CT, Hood L.  DNA diagnostic molecular techniques and automation . Science . 1988;;242:229-237.
Cossman J, Uppenkamp M, Sundeen J, Coupland R, Raffeld M.  Molecular genetics and the diagnosis of lymphoma . Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1988;;112:117-127.
Tsujimoto Y, Croce CM.  Analysis of the structure, transcripts and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1986;;83:5214-5218.
Wright JJ, Poplack D, Bakhstri A, et al.  Gene rearrangement as markers of clonal variation and minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia . J Clin Oncol. 1987;;5:735-741.
Crescenzi M, Seto M, Herzig GP, Weiss PD, Griffith RC, Korsemeyer SJ:  Thermostable DNA polymerase chain amplification of t(14;18) chromosome breakpoints and detection of minimal residual disease . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA . 1988;;85:4869-4873.
Tenover FC:  Diagnostic deoxyribonucleic acid probes for infectious disease . Clin Microbiol Rev. 1988;;1:82-101.
Ellmer PD, Kiehn TE, Cammarata R, Hasmer M:  Rapid detection and identification of pathogenic mycobacteria by combining radiometric and nucleic acid probe methods . J Clin Microbiol. 1988;;26:1349-1352.
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