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ARTICLE |

Economics FREE

John M. Eisenberg, MD
JAMA. 1989;261(19):2840-2841. doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03420190116033
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During the past year, both the lay and professional press recorded mounting concern about the economic consequences of clinical decision making. Business pages of major newspapers described the new emphasis on introducing cost-saving medical products (New York Times. October 4, 1988:34). The 1988 edition of a prestigious medical textbook1 asserted, "It is the physician's responsibility not only to hold down costs for society overall but also to know what the costs of tests and treatment are for individual patients and how much of the cost the patient will have to bear." The editor of a major journal heralded the advent of a new era in health care, when better information about costs and benefits will mean that "physicians will be in a much stronger position to advise their patients and determine the use of medical resources. "2 This excitement about the value of improved data on the cost-effectiveness of

REFERENCES

Johns RJ, Fortuin NJ.  Clinical information and clinical problem solving . In: Harvey AM, Johns RJ, McKusick VA, Owens AH, Ross RS, eds. The Principles and Practice of Medicine . Norwalk, Conn: Appleton & Lange; 1988;:1-4.
Relman AS.  Assessment and accountability: the third revolution in medical care . N Engl J Med. 1988;;319:1220-1222.
Drummond MF, Stoddart GL, Labelle R, Cushman R.  Health economics: an introduction for clinicians . Ann Intern Med. 1987;;107:88-92.
Drummond MF, Stoddart GL, Torrance GW. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes . Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1987;.
Arevalo JA, Washington AE.  Cost-effectiveness of prenatal screening and immunization for hepatitis B virus . JAMA . 1988;;259:365-369.
Kinosian BP, Eisenberg JM.  Cutting into cholesterol: cost-effective alternatives for treating hypercholesterolemia . JAMA . 1988;;259:2249-2254.
England WL, Gram CE, Weinberger MH, Roberta SD.  Cost-effectiveness in the detection of renal artery stenosis . J Gen Intern Med. 1988;;3:344-350.
Lee TH,Fukui TG,Weinstein MC,TostesonANA,Goldman L.  Cost-effectiveness of screening strategies for left main coronary disease in patients with stable angina . Med Decis Making. 1988;;8:268-278.
Joseph AM, Crowson TW, Rich EC.  Cost-effectiveness of Hemoquant versus Hemoccult for colorectal cancer screening . J Gen Intern Med. 1988;;3:132-138.
Eisenberg JM, Koffer H, Glick HA, et al.  What is the cost of nephrotoxicity associated with aminoglycosides? Ann Intern Med. 1987;;107:900-909.
Williams SV, Eisenberg JM.  A controlled trial to decrease the unnecessary use of diagnostic tests . J Gen Intern Med. 1986;;1:8-14.
Winslow CM, Solomon DH, Chassin MR, Kosecoff J, Merrick NJ, Brook RH.  The appropriateness of carotid endarterectomy . N Engl J Med. 1988;;318:721-727.
Wennberg JE, Mulley AG Jr, Hanley D, et al.  An assessment of prostatectomy for benign urinary tract obstruction: geographic variations and the evaluation of medical care outcomes . JAMA . 1988;;259:3027-3030.
Dubois RW, Brook RH.  Preventable deaths: who, how often, and why? Ann Intern Med. 1988;;109:582-589.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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Johns RJ, Fortuin NJ.  Clinical information and clinical problem solving . In: Harvey AM, Johns RJ, McKusick VA, Owens AH, Ross RS, eds. The Principles and Practice of Medicine . Norwalk, Conn: Appleton & Lange; 1988;:1-4.
Relman AS.  Assessment and accountability: the third revolution in medical care . N Engl J Med. 1988;;319:1220-1222.
Drummond MF, Stoddart GL, Labelle R, Cushman R.  Health economics: an introduction for clinicians . Ann Intern Med. 1987;;107:88-92.
Drummond MF, Stoddart GL, Torrance GW. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes . Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1987;.
Arevalo JA, Washington AE.  Cost-effectiveness of prenatal screening and immunization for hepatitis B virus . JAMA . 1988;;259:365-369.
Kinosian BP, Eisenberg JM.  Cutting into cholesterol: cost-effective alternatives for treating hypercholesterolemia . JAMA . 1988;;259:2249-2254.
England WL, Gram CE, Weinberger MH, Roberta SD.  Cost-effectiveness in the detection of renal artery stenosis . J Gen Intern Med. 1988;;3:344-350.
Lee TH,Fukui TG,Weinstein MC,TostesonANA,Goldman L.  Cost-effectiveness of screening strategies for left main coronary disease in patients with stable angina . Med Decis Making. 1988;;8:268-278.
Joseph AM, Crowson TW, Rich EC.  Cost-effectiveness of Hemoquant versus Hemoccult for colorectal cancer screening . J Gen Intern Med. 1988;;3:132-138.
Eisenberg JM, Koffer H, Glick HA, et al.  What is the cost of nephrotoxicity associated with aminoglycosides? Ann Intern Med. 1987;;107:900-909.
Williams SV, Eisenberg JM.  A controlled trial to decrease the unnecessary use of diagnostic tests . J Gen Intern Med. 1986;;1:8-14.
Winslow CM, Solomon DH, Chassin MR, Kosecoff J, Merrick NJ, Brook RH.  The appropriateness of carotid endarterectomy . N Engl J Med. 1988;;318:721-727.
Wennberg JE, Mulley AG Jr, Hanley D, et al.  An assessment of prostatectomy for benign urinary tract obstruction: geographic variations and the evaluation of medical care outcomes . JAMA . 1988;;259:3027-3030.
Dubois RW, Brook RH.  Preventable deaths: who, how often, and why? Ann Intern Med. 1988;;109:582-589.
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