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February 19, 1988, Vol 259, No. 7 >
ARTICLE | February 19, 1988

Prior Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection as a Risk Factor for HIV Infection FREE

Scott D. Holmberg, MD; John A. Stewart, MD; A. Russell Gerber, MD; Robert H. Byers, PhD; Francis K. Lee, PhD; Paul M. O'Malley; Andre J. Nahmias, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to AIDS Program, Bldg 6-274, Mail-stop G22, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 (Dr Holmberg).


JAMA. 1988;259(7):1048-1050. doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03720070048033
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References

Antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) in three sequential serum samples from 62 men who did and 61 men who did not develop human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at the time of the final (third) serum specimen were studied. Antibody titers to CMV, EBV, and HSV-1 did not significantly rise in or differ between men who did or did not get HIV infection. However, we found that 32 (68%) of 47 HIV seroconverters had antibodies to HSV-2 at the time the third specimen was drawn, whereas only 26 (46%) of 57 men who remained HIV seronegative had HSV-2 antibody positivity. Seroconversion to HSV-2 between any two serum specimens was found in 11 (42%) of the 26 HIV seroconverters but in only five (14%) of 35 men who remained HIV seronegative. The association between HSV-2 seropositivity (or seroconversion) and subsequent or concurrent HIV seroconversion remained when we controlled for factors known to influence HIV infection, including age, number of sexual partners, and percentage of sexual acts involving receptive anal intercourse. These serologic studies do not support the role of CMV, EBV, or HSV-1 in HIV infection but do suggest that HSV-2 infection is a risk factor for subsequent or concurrent HIV infection.

(JAMA 1988;259:1048-1050)

REFERENCES

1 +
Kreiss JK, Koech D, Plummer FA, et al:  AIDS virus infection in Nairobi prostitutes: Spread of the epidemic to East Africa. N Engl J Med 1986;;314:414-418.
2 +
Plummer FA, Simonsen JN, Ngugi EN, et al:  Incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and related disease in a cohort of Nairobi prostitutes, abstract M.8.4 , in Program and Abstracts of the Third International Conference on AIDS, Washington, DC, June 1-3, 1987 . Dept of Health and Human Services, 1987;, p6. 6.
3 +
Handsfield HH, Ashley RL, Rompalo AM, et al:  Association of anogenital ulcer disease with human immunodeficiency virus infection in homosexual men, abstract F.1.6 , in Program and Abstracts of the Third International Conference on AIDS, Washington, DC, June 1-3, 1987 . Dept of Health and Human Services, 1987;, p 206.
4 +
Darrow WW, Echenberg DF, Jaffe HW, et al:  Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in homosexual men. Am J Public Health 1987;;77:479-483.
5 +
Jaffe HW, Darrow WW, Echenberg DF, et al:  The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a cohort of homosexual men: A six-year follow-up study. Ann Intern Med 1985;;103:210-214.
6 +
Waner JL, Stewart JA:  Cytomegalovirus , in Rose NR, Friedman H, Fahey JL (eds): Manual of Clinical Laboratory Immunology , ed 3. Washington, DC, American Society for Microbiology, 1986;, pp 504-508.
7 +
Henle G, Henle W:  Immunofluorescence in cells derived from Burkitt's lymphoma. J Bacteriol 1966;;91:1248-1256.
8 +
Lee FK, Coleman RM, Pereira L, et al:  Detection of herpes simplex virus type 2—specific antibody with glycoprotein G. J Clin Microbiol 1985;;22:641-644.
9 +
Lee FK, Pereira L, Griffin C, et al:  A novel glycoprotein for detection of herpes simplex virus type 1—specific antibodies. J Biol Meth 1986;;14:111-118.
10 +
SPSS: SPSS User's Guide , ed 2. New York, McGraw-Hill International Book Co, 1986;.
11 +
Wentworth BB, Bonin P, Holmes KK, et al:  Isolation of viruses, bacteria and other organisms from venereal disease clinic patients: Methodology and problems associated with multiple isolations. Health Lab Sci 1973;;10:75-81.
12 +
Logan WS, Tindall JP, Elson ML:  Chronic cutaneous herpes simplex. Arch Dermatol 1971;; 103:606-614.
13 +
Nahmias AJ, Roizman B:  Herpes simplex viruses. N Engl J Med 1973;;289:667-674, 719-725, 781-789.
14 +
Corey L, Spear PG:  Infections with herpes simplex viruses. N Engl J Med 1986;;314:686-691.
15 +
Mann SL, Meyers JD, Holmes KL, et al:  Prevalence and incidence of herpesvirus infections among homosexually active men. J Infect Dis 1984;;146:1026-1027.
16 +
Quinnan GV Jr, Masur H, Rook AH, et al:  Herpesvirus infections in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. JAMA 1984;;252:72-77.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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1 +
Kreiss JK, Koech D, Plummer FA, et al:  AIDS virus infection in Nairobi prostitutes: Spread of the epidemic to East Africa. N Engl J Med 1986;;314:414-418.
2 +
Plummer FA, Simonsen JN, Ngugi EN, et al:  Incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and related disease in a cohort of Nairobi prostitutes, abstract M.8.4 , in Program and Abstracts of the Third International Conference on AIDS, Washington, DC, June 1-3, 1987 . Dept of Health and Human Services, 1987;, p6. 6.
3 +
Handsfield HH, Ashley RL, Rompalo AM, et al:  Association of anogenital ulcer disease with human immunodeficiency virus infection in homosexual men, abstract F.1.6 , in Program and Abstracts of the Third International Conference on AIDS, Washington, DC, June 1-3, 1987 . Dept of Health and Human Services, 1987;, p 206.
4 +
Darrow WW, Echenberg DF, Jaffe HW, et al:  Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in homosexual men. Am J Public Health 1987;;77:479-483.
5 +
Jaffe HW, Darrow WW, Echenberg DF, et al:  The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a cohort of homosexual men: A six-year follow-up study. Ann Intern Med 1985;;103:210-214.
6 +
Waner JL, Stewart JA:  Cytomegalovirus , in Rose NR, Friedman H, Fahey JL (eds): Manual of Clinical Laboratory Immunology , ed 3. Washington, DC, American Society for Microbiology, 1986;, pp 504-508.
7 +
Henle G, Henle W:  Immunofluorescence in cells derived from Burkitt's lymphoma. J Bacteriol 1966;;91:1248-1256.
8 +
Lee FK, Coleman RM, Pereira L, et al:  Detection of herpes simplex virus type 2—specific antibody with glycoprotein G. J Clin Microbiol 1985;;22:641-644.
9 +
Lee FK, Pereira L, Griffin C, et al:  A novel glycoprotein for detection of herpes simplex virus type 1—specific antibodies. J Biol Meth 1986;;14:111-118.
10 +
SPSS: SPSS User's Guide , ed 2. New York, McGraw-Hill International Book Co, 1986;.
11 +
Wentworth BB, Bonin P, Holmes KK, et al:  Isolation of viruses, bacteria and other organisms from venereal disease clinic patients: Methodology and problems associated with multiple isolations. Health Lab Sci 1973;;10:75-81.
12 +
Logan WS, Tindall JP, Elson ML:  Chronic cutaneous herpes simplex. Arch Dermatol 1971;; 103:606-614.
13 +
Nahmias AJ, Roizman B:  Herpes simplex viruses. N Engl J Med 1973;;289:667-674, 719-725, 781-789.
14 +
Corey L, Spear PG:  Infections with herpes simplex viruses. N Engl J Med 1986;;314:686-691.
15 +
Mann SL, Meyers JD, Holmes KL, et al:  Prevalence and incidence of herpesvirus infections among homosexually active men. J Infect Dis 1984;;146:1026-1027.
16 +
Quinnan GV Jr, Masur H, Rook AH, et al:  Herpesvirus infections in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. JAMA 1984;;252:72-77.

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