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May 6, 1988, Vol 259, No. 17 >
ARTICLE | May 6, 1988

Failure of Gloves and Other Protective Devices to Prevent Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus to Oral Surgeons FREE

Arthur L. Reingold, MD; Mark A. Kane, MD, MPH; Allen W. Hightower, MS
[+] Author Affiliations

The use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Public Health Service or the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Reprint requests to Hepatitis Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 (Dr Kane).


JAMA. 1988;259(17):2558-2560. doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03720170034029
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References

A survey of 434 oral surgeons was conducted to examine risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Overall, 112 (26%) of the participants demonstrated serologic evidence of past or current infection with HBV. Seropositivity was significantly associated with age, number of years in practice, and year of graduation from dental school but not with other variables examined, such as the number of patients seen annually or the number of patients seen who were at high risk of HBV infection. The strong correlation between years in practice and seropositivity was unaffected by reported use of gloves, face masks, or eye shields. The use of gloves and other protective devices does not appear to offer substantial protection against HBV exposure in oral surgeons, and all oral surgeons should receive HBV vaccine.

(JAMA 1988;259:2558-2560)

REFERENCES

1 +
Pattison CP, Maynard JE, Berquist KR, et al:  Serological and epidemiological studies of hepatitis B in haemodialysis units. Lancet 1973;;2:172-174.
2 +
Snydman DR, Bryan JA, Macon EJ, et al:  Hemodialysis-associated hepatitis: Report of an epidemic with further evidence on mechanisms of transmission. Am J Epidemiol 1976;;104:563-570.
3 +
Levy BS, Harris JC, Smith JL, et al:  Hepatitis B in ward and clinical laboratory employees of a general hospital. Am J Epidemiol 1977;;106:330-335.
4 +
Pantelick EL, Steere AC, Lewis HD, et al:  Hepatitis B infection in hospital personnel during an eight-year period: Policies for screening and pregnancy in high risk areas. Am J Med 1981;;70:924-926.
5 +
Lewis TL, Alter HJ, Chalmers TC, et al:  A comparison of the frequency of hepatitis-B antigen and antibody in hospital and nonhospital personnel. N Engl J Med 1982;;289:647-651.
6 +
Denes AE, Smith JL, Maynard JE, et al:  Hepatitis B infection in physicians: Results of a nationwide seroepidemiologic survey. JAMA 1978;;239:210-212.
7 +
Maynard JE:  Viral hepatitis as an occupational hazard in the health care profession , in Proceedings of the 1976 International Symposium on Hepatitis Viruses . Tokyo, University of Tokyo Press, 1976;, pp 293-305.
8 +
Feldman RE, Schiff ER:  Hepatitis in dental professionals. JAMA 1975;;232:1228-1230.
9 +
Smith JL, Maynard JE, Berquist KR, et al:  Comparative risk of hepatitis B among physicians and dentists. J Infect Dis 1976;;133:705-706.
10 +
Mosley JW, Edwards VM, Casey G, et al:  Hepatitis B virus infection in dentists. N Engl J Med 1975;;293:729-734.
11 +
Weil RB, Lyman DO, Jackson RJ, et al:  A hepatitis serosurvey of New York dentists. NY State Dent J 1977;;43:587-590.
12 +
Reingold AL, Kane MA, Hightower AW:  Disinfection procedures and infection control in the outpatient oral surgery practice. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984;;42:568-572.
13 +
Goebel WM:  Reliability of the medical history in identifying patients likely to place dentists at an increased hepatitis risk. J Am Dent Assoc 1979;;98:907-913.
14 +
Echavez MI, Shaw FE Jr, Scarlett MI, et al:  Hepatitis B vaccine usage in the United States: An epidemiological survey. J Public Health Dent 1987;;47:182-185.
15 +
Klein RS, Phelan JA, Freeman K, et al:  Low occupational risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection among dental professionals. N Engl J Med 1988;;318:86-90.
16 +
 Recommended infection-control practices for dentistry. MMWR 1986;;35:237-242.

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1 +
Pattison CP, Maynard JE, Berquist KR, et al:  Serological and epidemiological studies of hepatitis B in haemodialysis units. Lancet 1973;;2:172-174.
2 +
Snydman DR, Bryan JA, Macon EJ, et al:  Hemodialysis-associated hepatitis: Report of an epidemic with further evidence on mechanisms of transmission. Am J Epidemiol 1976;;104:563-570.
3 +
Levy BS, Harris JC, Smith JL, et al:  Hepatitis B in ward and clinical laboratory employees of a general hospital. Am J Epidemiol 1977;;106:330-335.
4 +
Pantelick EL, Steere AC, Lewis HD, et al:  Hepatitis B infection in hospital personnel during an eight-year period: Policies for screening and pregnancy in high risk areas. Am J Med 1981;;70:924-926.
5 +
Lewis TL, Alter HJ, Chalmers TC, et al:  A comparison of the frequency of hepatitis-B antigen and antibody in hospital and nonhospital personnel. N Engl J Med 1982;;289:647-651.
6 +
Denes AE, Smith JL, Maynard JE, et al:  Hepatitis B infection in physicians: Results of a nationwide seroepidemiologic survey. JAMA 1978;;239:210-212.
7 +
Maynard JE:  Viral hepatitis as an occupational hazard in the health care profession , in Proceedings of the 1976 International Symposium on Hepatitis Viruses . Tokyo, University of Tokyo Press, 1976;, pp 293-305.
8 +
Feldman RE, Schiff ER:  Hepatitis in dental professionals. JAMA 1975;;232:1228-1230.
9 +
Smith JL, Maynard JE, Berquist KR, et al:  Comparative risk of hepatitis B among physicians and dentists. J Infect Dis 1976;;133:705-706.
10 +
Mosley JW, Edwards VM, Casey G, et al:  Hepatitis B virus infection in dentists. N Engl J Med 1975;;293:729-734.
11 +
Weil RB, Lyman DO, Jackson RJ, et al:  A hepatitis serosurvey of New York dentists. NY State Dent J 1977;;43:587-590.
12 +
Reingold AL, Kane MA, Hightower AW:  Disinfection procedures and infection control in the outpatient oral surgery practice. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984;;42:568-572.
13 +
Goebel WM:  Reliability of the medical history in identifying patients likely to place dentists at an increased hepatitis risk. J Am Dent Assoc 1979;;98:907-913.
14 +
Echavez MI, Shaw FE Jr, Scarlett MI, et al:  Hepatitis B vaccine usage in the United States: An epidemiological survey. J Public Health Dent 1987;;47:182-185.
15 +
Klein RS, Phelan JA, Freeman K, et al:  Low occupational risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection among dental professionals. N Engl J Med 1988;;318:86-90.
16 +
 Recommended infection-control practices for dentistry. MMWR 1986;;35:237-242.

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