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ARTICLE |

The Safety of Aspartame FREE

Lewis D. Stegink, PhD; Wilma L. Krause, MD
JAMA. 1987;258(2):205-206. doi:10.1001/jama.1987.03400020047026
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To the Editor.—  Dr Pardridge1 has criticized the review of aspartame safety issues published in JAMA2 and suggested that adverse effects may arise from the phenylalanine content of aspartame. We disagree with Dr Pardridge's contention that available data show a potential for adverse effects at normal levels of aspartame use.To support his thesis, Dr Pardridge claims that data of Levy and Waisbren3 (correlating infant IQ with maternal plasma phenylalanine concentrations in hyperphenylalaninemia) show a 10.5-point drop in IQ of children per 250-μmol/L increment in maternal plasma phenylalanine concentration. Dr Pardridge claims that this effect is linear and applicable down to maternal plasma phenylalanine concentrations of 200 μmol/L or lower. Dr Pardridge ignores the fact that when data correlating IQ with normal blood phenylalanine concentrations (40 to 120 μmol/L) are added to the graph, the plot is clearly biphasic and shows a threshold effect. Indeed, Levy and

REFERENCES

Pardridge WM:  The safety of aspartame . JAMA 1986;;256:2678.
Council on Scientific Affairs:  Aspartame: Review of safety issues . JAMA 1985;;254:400-402.
Levy HL, Waisbren SE:  Effects of untreated maternal phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninemia on the fetus . N Engl J Med 1983;;309:1269-1274.
Krause W, Halminski M, McDonald L, et al:  Biochemical and neuropsychological effects of elevated plasma phenylalanine in patients with treated phenylketonuria: A model for the study of phenylalanine and brain function in man . J Clin Invest 1985;;75:40-48.
Caballero B, Mahon BE, Rohr FJ, et al:  Plasma amino acid levels after single-dose aspartame consumption in phenylketonuria, mild hyperphenylalaninemia, and heterozygous state for phenylketonuria . J Pediatr 1983;;109:668-671.

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Pardridge WM:  The safety of aspartame . JAMA 1986;;256:2678.
Council on Scientific Affairs:  Aspartame: Review of safety issues . JAMA 1985;;254:400-402.
Levy HL, Waisbren SE:  Effects of untreated maternal phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninemia on the fetus . N Engl J Med 1983;;309:1269-1274.
Krause W, Halminski M, McDonald L, et al:  Biochemical and neuropsychological effects of elevated plasma phenylalanine in patients with treated phenylketonuria: A model for the study of phenylalanine and brain function in man . J Clin Invest 1985;;75:40-48.
Caballero B, Mahon BE, Rohr FJ, et al:  Plasma amino acid levels after single-dose aspartame consumption in phenylketonuria, mild hyperphenylalaninemia, and heterozygous state for phenylketonuria . J Pediatr 1983;;109:668-671.
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