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July 10, 1987, Vol 258, No. 2 >
ARTICLE | July 10, 1987

Homosexual Yout: Title and subTitle BreakA Challenge to Contemporary Society FREE

Gary Remafedi, MD, MPH
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to the University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Adolescent Health Program, Box 721, Harvard Street at E River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (Dr Remafedi).


JAMA. 1987;258(2):222-225. doi:10.1001/jama.1987.03400020064032
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References

DURING the 1980s, health professionals and laypersons alike have confronted the subject of homosexuality on a daily basis in journals and books, on radio and television, primarily in the context of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic. Despite an unprecedented public awareness of adult homosexuality and its relevance to a variety of individual and public health issues, disproportionately little attention has been focused on the antecedents of homosexuality in childhood and adolescence. Although the prevalence of adolescent homosexual behavior is well recognized, some authorities1 "clearly reject"2 the notion that a homosexual orientation can be established prior to adulthood. Unlike other cultures, including Native American communities,3 modern American society views heterosexuality as the only possibility for its young. The homosexual adult, as if by parthogenesis, springs from the heterosexual child at the age of 18 years. Not only does this perspective preclude understanding the origins and development of

REFERENCES

1 +
Sorenson RC: Adolescent Sexuality in Contemporary America . New York, Work Publishing, 1973;.
2 +
Glasser M:  Homosexuality in adolescence . Br J Med Psychol 1977;;50:217-225.
3 +
Tripp CA: The Homosexual Matrix . New York, The New American Library Inc, 1976;.
4 +
Kinsey AC, Pomeroy WB, Martin CE: Sexual Behavior in the Human Male . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1948;.
5 +
Ellis H: Studies in the Psychology of Sex . New York, Random House Inc, 1936;.
6 +
Hirschfeld M: Die Homosexualität des Mannes und des Weibes . Berlin, L Marcus Veriagsbuchhandlung, 1920;.
7 +
Ramsey GV:  The sexual development of boys . Am J Psychol 1943;;56:217-234.
8 +
Finger FW:  Sex beliefs and practices among male college students . J Abnorm Soc Psychol 1947;;42:57-67.
9 +
Remafedi GJ:  Adolescent homosexuality: Issues for pediatricians . Clin Pediatr 1985;;9:481-485.
10 +
Whitham FL:  Childhood indicators of male homosexuality . Arch Sex Behav 1977;;6:89-96.
11 +
Saghir MT, Robins E, Walbian B: Male and Female Homosexuality . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1973;.
12 +
Roesler T, Deisher RW:  Youthful male homosexuality: Homosexual experience and the process of developing homosexual identity in males aged 16 to 22 years . JAMA 1972;;219:1018-1023.
13 +
Remafedi G:  Male homosexuality: The adolescent's perspective . Pediatrics 1987;;79:326-330.
14 +
Kremer MW, Rifkin AH:  The early development of homosexuality: A study of adolescent lesbians . Am J Psychiatry 1969;;126:129-134.
15 +
Zuger B:  The role of familial factors in persistent effeminate behavior in boys . Am J Psychiatry 1970;;126:1167-1170.
16 +
Green R:  One hundred ten feminine and masculine boys: Behavioral contrast and demographic similarities . Arch Sex Behav 1976;;5:425-446.
17 +
Green R:  Gender identity in childhood and later sexual orientation: Follow-up on 78 males . Am J Psychiatry 1985;;142:339-341.
18 +
Money J, Russo AJ:  Homosexual outcome of discordant gender identity/role in childhood: Longitudinal follow-up . J Pediatr Psychol 1979;;4:29-41.
19 +
Zuger G:  Effeminate behavior present in boys from childhood: Ten additional years of follow-up . Compr Psychiatry 1978;;19:363-369.
20 +
Solnit AJ:  Bisexuality gone awry—The child is father to the man . Pediatrics 1969;;43:913-914.
21 +
Pauly IB, Goldstein SG:  Physicians' attitudes in treating male homosexuals . Med Aspects Hum Sex 1970;;4:27-45.
22 +
Price JH:  High school students' attitudes toward homosexuality . J Sch Health 1982;; 52:469-474.
23 +
Herek GM:  Beyond 'homophobia': A social psychological perspective on attitudes toward lesbians and gay men , in DeCecco JP (ed): Bashers, Baiters, and Bigots: Homophobia in American Society . New York, Harrington Park Press, 1984;, pp 1-21.
24 +
Spitzer RL:  The diagnostic status of homosexuality in DSM-III: A reformulation of the issues . Am J Psychiatry 1981;;138:210-215.
25 +
British Cooperative Group:  Homosexuality and venereal disease in the United Kingdom . Br J Vener Dis 1973;;49:329-334.
26 +
Judson FN:  Fear of AIDS and gonorrhea rates in homosexual men . Lancet 1983;;2:160.
27 +
Krogh GV, Hellstrom L, Bottinger M:  Declining incidence of syphilis among homosexual men in Stockholm . Lancet 1986;;2:920-921.
28 +
Szuness W, Much I, Prince AM, et al:  On the role of sexual behavior in the spread of hepatitis B infection . Ann Intern Med 1975;;83:489-495.
29 +
Remafedi G:  Adolescent homosexuality: Psychosocial and medical implications . Pediatrics 1987;;79:331-337.
30 +
 Suicide—United States, 1970-1980, LEADS FROM THE MMWR . JAMA 1985;;254:479-480.
31 +
American Academy of Pediatrics' Committee on Adolescents, Long W (chairman):  Homosexuality and adolescence . Pediatrics 1983;;72:249-250.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Sorenson RC: Adolescent Sexuality in Contemporary America . New York, Work Publishing, 1973;.
2 +
Glasser M:  Homosexuality in adolescence . Br J Med Psychol 1977;;50:217-225.
3 +
Tripp CA: The Homosexual Matrix . New York, The New American Library Inc, 1976;.
4 +
Kinsey AC, Pomeroy WB, Martin CE: Sexual Behavior in the Human Male . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1948;.
5 +
Ellis H: Studies in the Psychology of Sex . New York, Random House Inc, 1936;.
6 +
Hirschfeld M: Die Homosexualität des Mannes und des Weibes . Berlin, L Marcus Veriagsbuchhandlung, 1920;.
7 +
Ramsey GV:  The sexual development of boys . Am J Psychol 1943;;56:217-234.
8 +
Finger FW:  Sex beliefs and practices among male college students . J Abnorm Soc Psychol 1947;;42:57-67.
9 +
Remafedi GJ:  Adolescent homosexuality: Issues for pediatricians . Clin Pediatr 1985;;9:481-485.
10 +
Whitham FL:  Childhood indicators of male homosexuality . Arch Sex Behav 1977;;6:89-96.
11 +
Saghir MT, Robins E, Walbian B: Male and Female Homosexuality . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1973;.
12 +
Roesler T, Deisher RW:  Youthful male homosexuality: Homosexual experience and the process of developing homosexual identity in males aged 16 to 22 years . JAMA 1972;;219:1018-1023.
13 +
Remafedi G:  Male homosexuality: The adolescent's perspective . Pediatrics 1987;;79:326-330.
14 +
Kremer MW, Rifkin AH:  The early development of homosexuality: A study of adolescent lesbians . Am J Psychiatry 1969;;126:129-134.
15 +
Zuger B:  The role of familial factors in persistent effeminate behavior in boys . Am J Psychiatry 1970;;126:1167-1170.
16 +
Green R:  One hundred ten feminine and masculine boys: Behavioral contrast and demographic similarities . Arch Sex Behav 1976;;5:425-446.
17 +
Green R:  Gender identity in childhood and later sexual orientation: Follow-up on 78 males . Am J Psychiatry 1985;;142:339-341.
18 +
Money J, Russo AJ:  Homosexual outcome of discordant gender identity/role in childhood: Longitudinal follow-up . J Pediatr Psychol 1979;;4:29-41.
19 +
Zuger G:  Effeminate behavior present in boys from childhood: Ten additional years of follow-up . Compr Psychiatry 1978;;19:363-369.
20 +
Solnit AJ:  Bisexuality gone awry—The child is father to the man . Pediatrics 1969;;43:913-914.
21 +
Pauly IB, Goldstein SG:  Physicians' attitudes in treating male homosexuals . Med Aspects Hum Sex 1970;;4:27-45.
22 +
Price JH:  High school students' attitudes toward homosexuality . J Sch Health 1982;; 52:469-474.
23 +
Herek GM:  Beyond 'homophobia': A social psychological perspective on attitudes toward lesbians and gay men , in DeCecco JP (ed): Bashers, Baiters, and Bigots: Homophobia in American Society . New York, Harrington Park Press, 1984;, pp 1-21.
24 +
Spitzer RL:  The diagnostic status of homosexuality in DSM-III: A reformulation of the issues . Am J Psychiatry 1981;;138:210-215.
25 +
British Cooperative Group:  Homosexuality and venereal disease in the United Kingdom . Br J Vener Dis 1973;;49:329-334.
26 +
Judson FN:  Fear of AIDS and gonorrhea rates in homosexual men . Lancet 1983;;2:160.
27 +
Krogh GV, Hellstrom L, Bottinger M:  Declining incidence of syphilis among homosexual men in Stockholm . Lancet 1986;;2:920-921.
28 +
Szuness W, Much I, Prince AM, et al:  On the role of sexual behavior in the spread of hepatitis B infection . Ann Intern Med 1975;;83:489-495.
29 +
Remafedi G:  Adolescent homosexuality: Psychosocial and medical implications . Pediatrics 1987;;79:331-337.
30 +
 Suicide—United States, 1970-1980, LEADS FROM THE MMWR . JAMA 1985;;254:479-480.
31 +
American Academy of Pediatrics' Committee on Adolescents, Long W (chairman):  Homosexuality and adolescence . Pediatrics 1983;;72:249-250.

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