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April 10, 1987, Vol 257, No. 14 >
ARTICLE | April 10, 1987

Our Nation's Great Public Hospitals FREE

Larry S. Gage, JD; Dennis P. Andrulis, PhD
JAMA. 1987;257(14):1942-1943. doi:10.1001/jama.1987.03390140112038
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References

In recent years, health policy analysts and decision makers have increased their concern over the plight of uninsured patients, uncompensated care, and the changing complexion of the nation's health care system.1-4 This period, however, has seen far less attention focused on the fragile, nationwide network of great public hospitals that already provides those health services—the institutions that serve in effect as America's national health insurance by default. While the Congress has sought repeatedly in the last several years to require extra attention in the Medicare and Medicaid programs to the need of such hospitals, it is only in the last several months that the Reagan Administration has finally been forced to provide such relief (1986 Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act [COBRA] Public Law 99-272). (See Gage L, Newman H: Lawsuits, legislation mean federal relief for ailing hospitals. Legal Times 1987;9:14-16.)

The series of four articles on public hospitals that is

REFERENCES

1 +
Sulvetta M, Swartz K: The Uninsured and Uncompensated Care . Washington, DC, National Health Policy Forum, 1986;.
2 +
Aday L, Fleming A, Anderson R: Access to Medical Care in the U.S.: Who Has It, Who Doesn't? Chicago, Pluribus Press, 1984;.
3 +
Hearings Before the Senate Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations, 99th Cong, 2d sess (1986).
4 +
Blendon RJ, Aiken LH, Freeman HE, et al:  Uncompensated care by hospitals on public insurance for the poor: Does it make a difference? N Engl J Med 1986;;314:1160-1163.
5 +
Friedman E:  Public hospitals: Doing what everyone wants done but few others wish to do . JAMA 1987;;257:1437-1444.
6 +
The Future of the Public General Hospital: An Agenda for Transition . Chicago, Hospital Research and Education Trust, 1978;.
7 +
Feder J, Hadley J: Cutback Recession and Care to the Poor: Will the Urban Poor Get Hospital Care? Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1983;.
8 +
Hadley J, Feder J, Mullner R: Hospitals' Financial Status and Care to the Poor in 1980 . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1983;.
9 +
Feder J, Hadley J, Mullner R: Poor People and Poor Hospitals: Implications for Public Policy . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1983;.
10 +
Sulvetta MB: Public Hospital Provision of Care to the Poor and Financial Status . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1985;.
11 +
Schiff RL, Ansell D, Schlosser J, et al:  Transfers to a public hospital . N Engl J Med 1986;;314:552-556.
12 +
Dade County vs American Hospital of Miami, Inc., No. 66,689, slip op (Fla Sup Ct Jan 6, 1987).
13 +
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, section 9121
14 +
Tex Rev Civ Stat Ann art 4437f (1985)
15 +
Tex Admin Code tit 25, §133.21 (1986)
16 +
S 1410, 1986 Tenn Leg, reg sess, §3(a)(1)
17 +
NY Public Health Law §2805-b(a)(2) (McKinney 1985).
18 +
Reinhardt U:  Hard choices in health care: A matter of ethics, in Public Alternatives for the 1980s , No. (17) , in Health care: How to Improve It and Pay for It . Washington, DC, Center for National Policy, 1985;.
19 +
Feder J, Hadley J: Falling Through the Cracks: Poverty, Insurance Coverage and Hospitals' Care to the Poor, 1980 and 1982 . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1984;.
20 +
Higher Education Amendments of 1986,20 USC1132A et seq, §701, Public Law 99-498.

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1 +
Sulvetta M, Swartz K: The Uninsured and Uncompensated Care . Washington, DC, National Health Policy Forum, 1986;.
2 +
Aday L, Fleming A, Anderson R: Access to Medical Care in the U.S.: Who Has It, Who Doesn't? Chicago, Pluribus Press, 1984;.
3 +
Hearings Before the Senate Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations, 99th Cong, 2d sess (1986).
4 +
Blendon RJ, Aiken LH, Freeman HE, et al:  Uncompensated care by hospitals on public insurance for the poor: Does it make a difference? N Engl J Med 1986;;314:1160-1163.
5 +
Friedman E:  Public hospitals: Doing what everyone wants done but few others wish to do . JAMA 1987;;257:1437-1444.
6 +
The Future of the Public General Hospital: An Agenda for Transition . Chicago, Hospital Research and Education Trust, 1978;.
7 +
Feder J, Hadley J: Cutback Recession and Care to the Poor: Will the Urban Poor Get Hospital Care? Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1983;.
8 +
Hadley J, Feder J, Mullner R: Hospitals' Financial Status and Care to the Poor in 1980 . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1983;.
9 +
Feder J, Hadley J, Mullner R: Poor People and Poor Hospitals: Implications for Public Policy . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1983;.
10 +
Sulvetta MB: Public Hospital Provision of Care to the Poor and Financial Status . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1985;.
11 +
Schiff RL, Ansell D, Schlosser J, et al:  Transfers to a public hospital . N Engl J Med 1986;;314:552-556.
12 +
Dade County vs American Hospital of Miami, Inc., No. 66,689, slip op (Fla Sup Ct Jan 6, 1987).
13 +
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, section 9121
14 +
Tex Rev Civ Stat Ann art 4437f (1985)
15 +
Tex Admin Code tit 25, §133.21 (1986)
16 +
S 1410, 1986 Tenn Leg, reg sess, §3(a)(1)
17 +
NY Public Health Law §2805-b(a)(2) (McKinney 1985).
18 +
Reinhardt U:  Hard choices in health care: A matter of ethics, in Public Alternatives for the 1980s , No. (17) , in Health care: How to Improve It and Pay for It . Washington, DC, Center for National Policy, 1985;.
19 +
Feder J, Hadley J: Falling Through the Cracks: Poverty, Insurance Coverage and Hospitals' Care to the Poor, 1980 and 1982 . Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, 1984;.
20 +
Higher Education Amendments of 1986,20 USC1132A et seq, §701, Public Law 99-498.

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