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November 14, 1986, Vol 256, No. 18 >
ARTICLE | November 14, 1986

Management of Congestive Heart Failure in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction FREE

Randall Genton, MD; Allan S. Jaffe, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid, PO Box 8086, St Louis, MO 63110 (Dr Jaffe).


JAMA. 1986;256(18):2556-2560. doi:10.1001/jama.1986.03380180118031
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References

SEVERE left ventricular dysfunction induced by extensive infarction is the most common cause of in-hospital death in patients with myocardial infarction.1 Prompt recognition of the clinical manifestations of congestive heart failure and an aggressive approach to therapy that improves hemodynamic performance but does not exacerbate ischemia is essential.

The rationale for the aggressive management of heart failure in patients with acute infarction is based on the concept that infarction evolves over several hours and factors underlying its complications (eg, expansion, recurrent infarction, and myocardial rupture) over several days. Both the extent and complications of infarction are caused by, and are, determinants of hemodynamic factors influencing the balance between myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery. Therefore, prompt therapy is thought to reduce the extent of infarction, the probability of recurrent injury, and the propensity to expansion and cardiac rupture. Beneficial effects of treatment may lead to improved left ventricular performance

REFERENCES

1 +
Geltman EM, Ehsani AA, Campbell MK, et al:  The influence of location and extent of myocardial infarction on long-term ventricular dysrhythmia and mortality . Circulation 1979;;60:805-814.
2 +
Killip T, Kimball JT:  Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit . Am J Cardiol 1967;;20:457-464.
3 +
Forrester JS, Diamond G, Chatterjee K, et al:  Medical therapy of acute myocardial infarction by application of hemodynamic subsets . N Engl J Med 1976;;295:1356-1362,1404-1413.
4 +
McHugh TJ, Forrester JS, Adler L, et al:  Pulmonary vascular congestion in acute myocardial infarction: Hemodynamic and radiologic correlations . Ann Intern Med 1972;;76:29-33.
5 +
Shell WE, De Wood MA, Peter T, et al:  Comparison of clinical signs and hemodynamic state in the early hours of transmural myocardial infarction . Am Heart J 1982;;104:521-528.
6 +
Biddle TL, Yu PN:  Effects of furosemide on hemodynamics and lung water in acute pulmonary edema secondary to myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1979;;43:86-90.
7 +
Sanford GF, Corbett J, Nicod P, et al:  Value of radionuclide ventriculography in the immediate characterization of patients with acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1982;;49:637-644.
8 +
Applefeld JJ, Caruthers TE, Reno DJ, et al:  Assessment of the sterility of long-term cardiac catheterization using the thermodilution Swan-Ganz catheter . Chest 1978;;74:377-380.
9 +
Prachar H, Dittel M, Jobst C, et al:  Bacterial contamination of pulmonary artery catheters . Intensive Care Med 1978;;4:79-82.
10 +
Thomas M, Malmcrona R, Shillingford J:  Hemodynamic effects of oxygen in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Br Heart J 1965;; 27:401-407.
11 +
Dikshit K, Vyden JK, Forrester JS, et al:  Renal and extrarenal hemodynamic effects of furosemide in congestive heart failure after acute myocardial infarction . N Engl J Med 1973;; 288:1087-1090.
12 +
Wilson JR, Rewichek N, Dunkman WB, et al:  Effect of diuresis on the performance of the failing left ventricle in man . Am J Med 1981;;70:234-239.
13 +
Schuster CJ, Weil MH, Besso J, et al:  Blood volume following diuresis induced by furosemide . Am J Med 1984;;76:585-592.
14 +
Francis GS, Siegel RM, Goldsmith SR, et al:  Acute vasoconstrictive responses to intravenous furosemide in patients with chronic congestive heart failure . Ann Intern Med 1985;;103:1-6.
15 +
Leir CV, Bambach D, Thompson MJ, et al:  Central and regional hemodynamic effects of intravenous isosorbide dinitrate, nitroglycerin and nitroprusside in patients with congestive heart failure . Am J Cardiol 1981;;48:1115-1123.
16 +
Bussman WD, Schofer H, Kaltenbach M:  Effects of intravenous nitroglycerin on hemodynamics and ischemic injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Eur J Cardiol 1978;;8:61-74.
17 +
Franciosa JA, Duerkman BW, Wiler M, et al:  Optimal left ventricular filling pressure during nitroprusside infusion for congestive heart failure. Am J Med 1983;;74:457-464.
18 +
Jaffe AS, Geltman EM, Tiefenbrunn AJ, et al:  Reduction of infarct size in patients with inferior infarction with intravenous glyceryl trinitrate . Br Heart J 1983;;49:452-460.
19 +
Bussman WD, Passek D, Seidel W, et al:  Reduction of CK and MB indexes of infarct size by intravenous nitroglycerin . Circulation 1981;;63:615-622.
20 +
Flaherty JT, Becker LC, Bulkley BH, et al:  A randomized prospective trial of intravenous nitroclycerin in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Circulation 1983;;68:576-588.
21 +
Durrer JD, Lie KI, vanCapelle FJL, et al:  Effect of sodium nitroprusside on mortality in acute myocardial infarction . N Engl J Med 1982;; 306:1121-1128.
22 +
Cohn JN, Franciosa JA, Francis GS, et al:  Effect of short-term infusion of sodium nitroprusside on mortality rate on acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular failure . N Engl J Med 1982;;306:1129-1135.
23 +
Chiariello M, Gold HK, Leinbach RC, et al:  Comparison between the effects of nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on ischemic injury during acute myocardial infarction . Circulation 1976;;54:766-773.
24 +
Crexells C, Chatterjee K, Forrester JS, et al:  Optimal level of filling pressure in the left side of the heart in acute myocardial infarction . N Engl J Med 1973;;289:1263-1266.
25 +
Goldstein RA, Passamani ER, Roberts R:  A comparison of digoxin and dobutamine in patients with acute infarction and cardiac failure . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:846-850.
26 +
Stoner JD, Bolen JL, Harrison DC:  Comparison of dobutamine and dopamine in treatment of severe heart failure . Br Heart J 1977;;39:536-539.
27 +
Keung ECH, Siskind SJ, Sonneblick EH, et al:  Dobutamine therapy in acute myocardial infarction . JAMA 1981;;245:144-146.
28 +
Gillespie TA, Ambos HD, Sobel BE, et al:  Effects of dobutamine in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1977;;39:588-594.
29 +
Maekawa K, Liang C, Hood WB:  Comparison of dobutamine and dopamine in acute myocardial infarction: Effects of systemic hemodynamics, plasma catecholamines, blood flows and infarct size . Circulation 1983;;62:750-759.
30 +
Rude RE, Izquierdo C, Buja M, et al:  Effects of inotropic and chronotropic stimuli on acute myocardial ischemic injury: Studies with dobutamine in the anesthetized dog . Circulation 1982;;65:1321-1328.
31 +
Richard C, Ricome JL, Rimailho A, et al:  Combined hemodynamic effects of dopamine and dobutamine in cardiogenic shock . Circulation 1983;; 67:620-626.
32 +
Taylor SH, Verma SP, Hussain M, et al:  Intravenous amrinone in left ventricular failure complicated by acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1985;;56:29B-32B.
33 +
Klein NA, Siskind SJ, Frishman WH, et al:  Hemodynamic comparison of intravenous amrinone and dobutamine in patients with chronic congestive heart failure . Am J Cardiol 1981;; 48:170-175.
34 +
Rude RE, Kloner RA, Maroko PR, et al:  Effects of amrinone on experimental acute myocardial ischaemic injury . Cardiovasc Res 1980;; 14:419-427.
35 +
Strauss HD, Sobel BE, Roberts R:  The influence of occult right ventricular infarction on enzymatically estimated infarct size, hemodynamics and prognosis . Circulation 1980;;62:503-508.
36 +
Dell'Italia LJ, Starling MR:  Right ventricular infarction: An important clinical entity . Curr Prob Cardiol 1984;;9:1-72.
37 +
Dell'Italia LJ, Starling MR, Blumhardt R, et al:  Comparative effects of volume loading, dobutamine, and nitroprusside in patients with predominant right ventricular infarction . Circulation 1985;;72:1327-1335.
38 +
Chamberlain DA, Leinbach RC, Vassaux CE, et al:  Sequential atrioventricular pacing in heart block complicating acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1970;;282:577-582.
39 +
Scheidt S, Wilner G, Mueller H, et al:  Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation in cardiogenic shock . N Engl J Med 1973;;288:979-984.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Geltman EM, Ehsani AA, Campbell MK, et al:  The influence of location and extent of myocardial infarction on long-term ventricular dysrhythmia and mortality . Circulation 1979;;60:805-814.
2 +
Killip T, Kimball JT:  Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit . Am J Cardiol 1967;;20:457-464.
3 +
Forrester JS, Diamond G, Chatterjee K, et al:  Medical therapy of acute myocardial infarction by application of hemodynamic subsets . N Engl J Med 1976;;295:1356-1362,1404-1413.
4 +
McHugh TJ, Forrester JS, Adler L, et al:  Pulmonary vascular congestion in acute myocardial infarction: Hemodynamic and radiologic correlations . Ann Intern Med 1972;;76:29-33.
5 +
Shell WE, De Wood MA, Peter T, et al:  Comparison of clinical signs and hemodynamic state in the early hours of transmural myocardial infarction . Am Heart J 1982;;104:521-528.
6 +
Biddle TL, Yu PN:  Effects of furosemide on hemodynamics and lung water in acute pulmonary edema secondary to myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1979;;43:86-90.
7 +
Sanford GF, Corbett J, Nicod P, et al:  Value of radionuclide ventriculography in the immediate characterization of patients with acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1982;;49:637-644.
8 +
Applefeld JJ, Caruthers TE, Reno DJ, et al:  Assessment of the sterility of long-term cardiac catheterization using the thermodilution Swan-Ganz catheter . Chest 1978;;74:377-380.
9 +
Prachar H, Dittel M, Jobst C, et al:  Bacterial contamination of pulmonary artery catheters . Intensive Care Med 1978;;4:79-82.
10 +
Thomas M, Malmcrona R, Shillingford J:  Hemodynamic effects of oxygen in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Br Heart J 1965;; 27:401-407.
11 +
Dikshit K, Vyden JK, Forrester JS, et al:  Renal and extrarenal hemodynamic effects of furosemide in congestive heart failure after acute myocardial infarction . N Engl J Med 1973;; 288:1087-1090.
12 +
Wilson JR, Rewichek N, Dunkman WB, et al:  Effect of diuresis on the performance of the failing left ventricle in man . Am J Med 1981;;70:234-239.
13 +
Schuster CJ, Weil MH, Besso J, et al:  Blood volume following diuresis induced by furosemide . Am J Med 1984;;76:585-592.
14 +
Francis GS, Siegel RM, Goldsmith SR, et al:  Acute vasoconstrictive responses to intravenous furosemide in patients with chronic congestive heart failure . Ann Intern Med 1985;;103:1-6.
15 +
Leir CV, Bambach D, Thompson MJ, et al:  Central and regional hemodynamic effects of intravenous isosorbide dinitrate, nitroglycerin and nitroprusside in patients with congestive heart failure . Am J Cardiol 1981;;48:1115-1123.
16 +
Bussman WD, Schofer H, Kaltenbach M:  Effects of intravenous nitroglycerin on hemodynamics and ischemic injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Eur J Cardiol 1978;;8:61-74.
17 +
Franciosa JA, Duerkman BW, Wiler M, et al:  Optimal left ventricular filling pressure during nitroprusside infusion for congestive heart failure. Am J Med 1983;;74:457-464.
18 +
Jaffe AS, Geltman EM, Tiefenbrunn AJ, et al:  Reduction of infarct size in patients with inferior infarction with intravenous glyceryl trinitrate . Br Heart J 1983;;49:452-460.
19 +
Bussman WD, Passek D, Seidel W, et al:  Reduction of CK and MB indexes of infarct size by intravenous nitroglycerin . Circulation 1981;;63:615-622.
20 +
Flaherty JT, Becker LC, Bulkley BH, et al:  A randomized prospective trial of intravenous nitroclycerin in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Circulation 1983;;68:576-588.
21 +
Durrer JD, Lie KI, vanCapelle FJL, et al:  Effect of sodium nitroprusside on mortality in acute myocardial infarction . N Engl J Med 1982;; 306:1121-1128.
22 +
Cohn JN, Franciosa JA, Francis GS, et al:  Effect of short-term infusion of sodium nitroprusside on mortality rate on acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular failure . N Engl J Med 1982;;306:1129-1135.
23 +
Chiariello M, Gold HK, Leinbach RC, et al:  Comparison between the effects of nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on ischemic injury during acute myocardial infarction . Circulation 1976;;54:766-773.
24 +
Crexells C, Chatterjee K, Forrester JS, et al:  Optimal level of filling pressure in the left side of the heart in acute myocardial infarction . N Engl J Med 1973;;289:1263-1266.
25 +
Goldstein RA, Passamani ER, Roberts R:  A comparison of digoxin and dobutamine in patients with acute infarction and cardiac failure . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:846-850.
26 +
Stoner JD, Bolen JL, Harrison DC:  Comparison of dobutamine and dopamine in treatment of severe heart failure . Br Heart J 1977;;39:536-539.
27 +
Keung ECH, Siskind SJ, Sonneblick EH, et al:  Dobutamine therapy in acute myocardial infarction . JAMA 1981;;245:144-146.
28 +
Gillespie TA, Ambos HD, Sobel BE, et al:  Effects of dobutamine in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1977;;39:588-594.
29 +
Maekawa K, Liang C, Hood WB:  Comparison of dobutamine and dopamine in acute myocardial infarction: Effects of systemic hemodynamics, plasma catecholamines, blood flows and infarct size . Circulation 1983;;62:750-759.
30 +
Rude RE, Izquierdo C, Buja M, et al:  Effects of inotropic and chronotropic stimuli on acute myocardial ischemic injury: Studies with dobutamine in the anesthetized dog . Circulation 1982;;65:1321-1328.
31 +
Richard C, Ricome JL, Rimailho A, et al:  Combined hemodynamic effects of dopamine and dobutamine in cardiogenic shock . Circulation 1983;; 67:620-626.
32 +
Taylor SH, Verma SP, Hussain M, et al:  Intravenous amrinone in left ventricular failure complicated by acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 1985;;56:29B-32B.
33 +
Klein NA, Siskind SJ, Frishman WH, et al:  Hemodynamic comparison of intravenous amrinone and dobutamine in patients with chronic congestive heart failure . Am J Cardiol 1981;; 48:170-175.
34 +
Rude RE, Kloner RA, Maroko PR, et al:  Effects of amrinone on experimental acute myocardial ischaemic injury . Cardiovasc Res 1980;; 14:419-427.
35 +
Strauss HD, Sobel BE, Roberts R:  The influence of occult right ventricular infarction on enzymatically estimated infarct size, hemodynamics and prognosis . Circulation 1980;;62:503-508.
36 +
Dell'Italia LJ, Starling MR:  Right ventricular infarction: An important clinical entity . Curr Prob Cardiol 1984;;9:1-72.
37 +
Dell'Italia LJ, Starling MR, Blumhardt R, et al:  Comparative effects of volume loading, dobutamine, and nitroprusside in patients with predominant right ventricular infarction . Circulation 1985;;72:1327-1335.
38 +
Chamberlain DA, Leinbach RC, Vassaux CE, et al:  Sequential atrioventricular pacing in heart block complicating acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1970;;282:577-582.
39 +
Scheidt S, Wilner G, Mueller H, et al:  Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation in cardiogenic shock . N Engl J Med 1973;;288:979-984.

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