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July 11, 1986, Vol 256, No. 2 >
ARTICLE | July 11, 1986

Asymptomatic Microhematuria and Urologic Disease: Title and subTitle BreakA Population-Based Study FREE

David N. Mohr, MD; Kenneth P. Offord, MS; Richard A. Owen, MD; L. Joseph Melton, III, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Presented at the 53rd International Meeting of the Mayo Alumni Association, Rochester, Minn, Oct 9-12, 1985.

Reprint requests to Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (Dr Mohr).


JAMA. 1986;256(2):224-229. doi:10.1001/jama.1986.03380020086028
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References

Asymptomatic microhematuria is a common finding, occurring in 13% of adult men and postmenopausal women in Rochester, Minn. Previous recommendations to perform cystoscopic and excretory urographic examinations on all patients with this finding were based on findings in referred patients. In the present population-based study, the frequency of serious urologic disease in patients with asymptomatic microhematuria was 2.3%; only 0.5% had bladder or renal cell carcinoma. Urologic malignant lesions occurred more frequently in the elderly. There was a trend toward more serious diseases in those with higher grades of hematuria. Complete urologic investigation of all patients with any degree of asymptomatic microhematuria cannot be recommended. The presence of other risk factors should be considered in opting for further evaluation.

(JAMA 1986;256:224-229)

REFERENCES

1 +
Greene LF, O'Shaughnessy EJ Jr, Hendricks ED:  Study of 500 patients with asymptomatic microhematuria . JAMA 1956;;161:610-613.
2 +
Carson CC III, Segura JW, Greene LF:  Clinical importance of microhematuria . JAMA 1979;; 241:149-150.
3 +
Golin AL, Howard RS:  Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria . J Urol 1980;;124:389-391.
4 +
Gartman E:  The significance of hematuria in young men . J Urol 1956;;75:135-142.
5 +
Burkholder GV, Dotin LN, Thomason BW, et al:  Unexplained hematuria: How extensive should the evaluation be? JAMA 1969;;210:1729-1733
6 +
Benson GS, Brewer ED: Hematuria:  Algorithms for diagnosis: II. Hematuria in the adult and hematuria secondary to trauma . JAMA 1981;; 246:993-995.
7 +
Froom P, Ribak J, Benbassat J:  Significance of microhaematuria in young adults . Br Med J 1984;;288:20-22.
8 +
Behaskari VM, Rapola J, Koskimies O, et al:  Microscopic hematuria in schoolchildren: Epidemiology and clinicopathologic evaluation . J Pediatr 1979;;95:676-684.
9 +
Dodge WF, West EF, Smith EH, et al:  Proteinuria and hematuria in schoolchildren: Epidemiology and early natural history . J Pediatr 1976;; 88:327-347.
10 +
Kurkland LT, Elveback LR, Nobrega FT:  Mayo Clinic records linkage system in the Rochester-Olmsted epidemiology program , project, in Proceedings of the Sixth International Scientific Meeting on the Uses of Epidemiology in Planning Health Services . Belgrade, Yugoslavia, International Epidemiologic Association, 1973;, pp 164-176.
11 +
Diem K, Lentner C (eds): Scientific Tables , ed 7. Basel, Switzerland, Ciba-Geigy Ltd, 1970;.
12 +
Freni SC, Heederik GJ, Hol C:  Centrifugation techniques and reagent strips in the assessment of microhaematuria . J Clin Pathol 1977;;30:336-340.
13 +
Wright WT:  Cell counts in urine . Arch Intern Med 1959;;103:76-78.
14 +
Larcom RC, Jr, Carter GH:  Erythrocytes in urinary sediment: Identification and normal limits; with a note on the nature of granular casts . J Lab Clin Med 1948;;33:875-880.
15 +
Freni SC, Freni-Titulaer LW:  Microhematuria found by mass screening of apparently healthy males . Acta Cytol 1977;;21:421-423.
16 +
Sanders C:  Clinical urine examination in the incidence of microscopic haematuria in apparently normal males . Practitioner 1963;;191:192-197.
17 +
Gadeholt H:  Quantitative estimation of urinary sediment with special regard to sources of error . Br Med J 1964;;1:1547-1549.
18 +
Maruchi N, Farrow GM, Kurland LT, et al:  Cancer of the bladder in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935-1971 . Am J Epidemiol 1974;;99:265-272.
19 +
Resseguie LJ, Nobrega FT, Farrow GM, et al:  Epidemiology of renal and ureteral cancer in Rochester, Minnesota, 1950-1974 with special reference to clinical and pathologic features . Mayo Clin Proc 1978;;53:503-510.

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1 +
Greene LF, O'Shaughnessy EJ Jr, Hendricks ED:  Study of 500 patients with asymptomatic microhematuria . JAMA 1956;;161:610-613.
2 +
Carson CC III, Segura JW, Greene LF:  Clinical importance of microhematuria . JAMA 1979;; 241:149-150.
3 +
Golin AL, Howard RS:  Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria . J Urol 1980;;124:389-391.
4 +
Gartman E:  The significance of hematuria in young men . J Urol 1956;;75:135-142.
5 +
Burkholder GV, Dotin LN, Thomason BW, et al:  Unexplained hematuria: How extensive should the evaluation be? JAMA 1969;;210:1729-1733
6 +
Benson GS, Brewer ED: Hematuria:  Algorithms for diagnosis: II. Hematuria in the adult and hematuria secondary to trauma . JAMA 1981;; 246:993-995.
7 +
Froom P, Ribak J, Benbassat J:  Significance of microhaematuria in young adults . Br Med J 1984;;288:20-22.
8 +
Behaskari VM, Rapola J, Koskimies O, et al:  Microscopic hematuria in schoolchildren: Epidemiology and clinicopathologic evaluation . J Pediatr 1979;;95:676-684.
9 +
Dodge WF, West EF, Smith EH, et al:  Proteinuria and hematuria in schoolchildren: Epidemiology and early natural history . J Pediatr 1976;; 88:327-347.
10 +
Kurkland LT, Elveback LR, Nobrega FT:  Mayo Clinic records linkage system in the Rochester-Olmsted epidemiology program , project, in Proceedings of the Sixth International Scientific Meeting on the Uses of Epidemiology in Planning Health Services . Belgrade, Yugoslavia, International Epidemiologic Association, 1973;, pp 164-176.
11 +
Diem K, Lentner C (eds): Scientific Tables , ed 7. Basel, Switzerland, Ciba-Geigy Ltd, 1970;.
12 +
Freni SC, Heederik GJ, Hol C:  Centrifugation techniques and reagent strips in the assessment of microhaematuria . J Clin Pathol 1977;;30:336-340.
13 +
Wright WT:  Cell counts in urine . Arch Intern Med 1959;;103:76-78.
14 +
Larcom RC, Jr, Carter GH:  Erythrocytes in urinary sediment: Identification and normal limits; with a note on the nature of granular casts . J Lab Clin Med 1948;;33:875-880.
15 +
Freni SC, Freni-Titulaer LW:  Microhematuria found by mass screening of apparently healthy males . Acta Cytol 1977;;21:421-423.
16 +
Sanders C:  Clinical urine examination in the incidence of microscopic haematuria in apparently normal males . Practitioner 1963;;191:192-197.
17 +
Gadeholt H:  Quantitative estimation of urinary sediment with special regard to sources of error . Br Med J 1964;;1:1547-1549.
18 +
Maruchi N, Farrow GM, Kurland LT, et al:  Cancer of the bladder in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935-1971 . Am J Epidemiol 1974;;99:265-272.
19 +
Resseguie LJ, Nobrega FT, Farrow GM, et al:  Epidemiology of renal and ureteral cancer in Rochester, Minnesota, 1950-1974 with special reference to clinical and pathologic features . Mayo Clin Proc 1978;;53:503-510.

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