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November 21, 1986, Vol 256, No. 19 >
ARTICLE | November 21, 1986

High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Measurements: Title and subTitle BreakA Help or Hindrance in Practical Clinical Medicine? FREE

H. Robert Superko, MD; Paul S. Bachorik, PhD; Peter D. Wood, DSc, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, 730 Welch Rd, Suite B, Stanford, CA 94305 (Dr Superko).


JAMA. 1986;256(19):2714-2717. doi:10.1001/jama.1986.03380190084030
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References

Often, plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) measurements lack sufficient accuracy to be of practical use in an individual clinical setting. Recent clinical investigations have demonstrated the strong predictive value of HDLC concentration for future coronary events and rate of progression of angiographically assessed coronary atherosclerosis. Clinical demand for HDLC measurements by clinicians has increased after the announcements of these results. The ability of clinical laboratories to assess HDLC values accurately, so that they may be applied on an individual basis, may be lacking, and enhanced accuracy should be encouraged.

(JAMA 1986;256:2714-2717)

REFERENCES

1 +
Bachorik PS, Wood PD:  Laboratory considerations in the diagnosis and management of hyperlipoproteinemia , in Rifkind B, Levy R (eds): Hyperlipidemia Diagnosis and Therapy . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1977;, pp 41-69.
2 +
Lipid Research Clinics:  The Lipid Research Clinics Primary Prevention Trial Results, I and II . JAMA 1984;;251:351-374.
3 +
Levy RI, Brensike JF, Epstein SE, et al:  The influence of changes in lipid values induced by cholestyramine and diet on progression of coronary artery disease: Results of the NHLBI type II coronary intervention study . Circulation 1984;; 69:325-336.
4 +
Nikkila EA, Viikinkoski P, Valle M:  Effect of lipid lowering treatment on progression of coronary arteriosclerosis, abstracted . Circulation 1983;; 68:111-188.
5 +
Superko HR, Wood PD, Haskell WL:  Coronary heart disease and risk factor modification: Is there a threshold? Am J Med 1985;;78:826-838.
6 +
Eder HA, Gidez LI:  The clinical significance of the plasma high density lipoproteins . Med Clin North Am 1982;;66:431-440.
7 +
Stoker DJ, Wynn V, Robertson G:  Effect of posture on plasma cholesterol level . Br Med J 1966;;1:336-338.
8 +
Bleiler RE, Yearick ES, Schnuru SS, et al:  Seasonal variation of cholesterol in serum of men and women . Am J Clin Nutr 1963;;12:12-16.
9 +
Williams PT, Wood PD, Haskell WL, et al:  The effect of running mileage and duration on plasma lipoprotein levels . JAMA 1982;;247:2674-2679.
10 +
Williams PT, Wood PD, Krauss RM, et al:  Does weight loss cause the exercise induced increase in plasma high-density lipoproteins? Atherosclerosis 1983;;47:173-185.
11 +
Schlierf G, Arab L, Oster P:  Influence of diet on high-density lipoproteins . Am J Cardiol 1983;; 52:17B-19B.
12 +
Ehnholm C, Huttman JK, Pietinen, et al:  Effect of diet on serum lipoproteins in a population with a high risk of coronary heart disease . N Engl J Med 1982;;307:850-855.
13 +
Williams P, Wood PD, Vranizan KM, et al:  Coffee intake and elevated cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels in men . JAMA 1985;;253:1407-1411.
14 +
Thelle DS, Arnesen E, Forde OH:  The Tromso heart study: Does coffee raise serum cholesterol? N Engl J Med 1983;;308:1454-1457.
15 +
Dodds C, Mills GL:  Influence of myocardial infarction on plasma lipoprotein concentration . Lancet 1959;;1:1160-1163.
16 +
Miller GJ, Kaplan JP, Morgan P, et al:  High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and other serum lipids in an isolated island community free of coronary heart disease . Int J Epidemiol 1979;;8:219-225.
17 +
Wallace RB, Hunninghake DB, Reiland S, et al:  Alterations of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels associated with consumption of selected medications . Circulation 1980;;62( (suppl IV) ):77-82.
18 +
Criqui MH, Wallace RB, Heiss G, et al:  Cigarette smoking and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol . Circulation 1980;;62( (suppl IV) ):70-76.
19 +
Haskell WL, Camargo C, Williams PT, et al:  The effect of cessation and resumption of moderate alcohol intake on serum high-density lipoprotein levels . JAMA 1984;;310:805-810.
20 +
Hainline A, Cooper GR, Olansky AS, et al: A Survey of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Measurement: A Report . Atlanta, Centers for Disease Control, 1980;.
21 +
Warnick GR, Albers JJ, Teng-Leary E:  HDL cholesterol: Results of interlaboratory proficiency test . Clin Chem 1980;;26:169-170.
22 +
Bachorik PS, Most B, Lippel K, et al:  Plasma lipoprotein analysis: Relative precision of total cholesterol and lipoprotein-cholesterol measurements in 12 Lipid Research Clinics laboratories . Clin Chem 1981;;27:1217-1222.
23 +
Albers JJ, Warnick RL, Johnson N, et al:  Quality control of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement methods . Circulation 1980;;4:9-17.
24 +
Castelli WP, Abbott RD, McNamara PM:  Summary of estimates of cholesterol used to predict coronary heart disease . Circulation 1983;; 67:730-734.
25 +
Hainline A, Karon J, Lippel K (eds): Lipid Research Clinics Program: Manual of Laboratory Operations . US Dept of Health and Human Services, 1982;.
26 +
Calvert DG, Yeates RA, Mannick T:  A comparison of phosphotungstate magnesium precipitation and heparin-manganese precipitation procedures for estimating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol . Ann Clin Biochem 1978;;17:105-108.
27 +
Warnick GR, Albers JJ:  HDL cholesterol quantitation: Comparison of six precipitation methods and ultracentrifugation , in Lippel K (ed): Report of the High Density Lipoprotein Methodology Workshop , National Institutes of Health publication 79-1661. US Dept of Health, Education and Welfare, 1979;, pp 53-69.
28 +
Nelson GJ:  Handling, extraction and storage of blood samples , in Nelson GJ (ed): Blood Lipids and Lipoproteins: Quantitation, Composition and Metabolism . New York, Wiley-Interscience, 1972;, pp 3-24.
29 +
Koerselman HB, Lewis B, Pilkington TRE:  The effect of venous occlusion on the level of serum cholesterol . J Atheroscler Res 1961;;1:85-88.
30 +
Schwertner HA, Friedman HS:  Changes in lipid values and lipoprotein patterns of serum samples contaminated with bacteria . Am J Clin Pathol 1973;;59:829-835.
31 +
Bachorik PS, Walker RE, Kwiterovich PO:  Determination of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in human plasma stored at —70 C . J Lipid Res 1982;;23:1236-1242.
32 +
Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, et al:  Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol . Clin Chem 1974;;20:470-475.
33 +
Wilson DE, Spiger MJ:  A dual precipitation method for quantitative plasma lipoprotein measurement without ultracentrifugation . J Lab Clin Chem 1973;;82:473-482.
34 +
Bachorik PS, Wood PD, Albers JJ, et al:  Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations determined after removal of other lipoproteins by heparin/manganese precipitation or by ultracentrifugation . Clin Chem 1976;;22:1828-1834.
35 +
Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS:  Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge . Clin Chem 1972;; 18:499-509.
36 +
Holtz W:  Nicotinic acid and its derivatives . Adv Lipid Res 1983;;20:195-217.
37 +
Streja D, Steiner G, Kwiterovich PO:  Plasma high-density lipoproteins and ischemic heart disease . Ann Intern Med 1978;;89:871-880.
38 +
Borge KG, Canner PL, Hainline A:  High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and prognosis after myocardial infarction . Circulation 1982;;66:1176-1178.
39 +
Davis CE, Gordon D, LaRosa J, et al:  Correlations of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with other plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations . Circulation 1980;;62( (suppl 4) ):24-30.
40 +
Wood PD, Haskell WL, Klein H, et al:  The distribution of plasma lipoproteins in middle-aged male runners . Metabolism 1976;;25:1249-1257.
41 +
Kantor MA, Bianchini A, Bernier D, et al:  Androgens reduce HDL2-cholesterol and increase hepatic triglyceride lipase activity . Med Sci Sports Exerc 1985;;17:462-465.
42 +
Grimm RH, Hunninghake DB:  Lipids and hypertension . Am J Med 1986;;80( (suppl 2A) ):56-63.
43 +
Glueck CJ, Gartside P, Fallat RW, et al:  Longevity syndromes: Familial hypobeta and familial hyperalphalipoproteinemia . J Lab Clin Med 1976;;88:941-957.
44 +
Gotto AM:  The plasma apolipoproteins: Regulation of the structure and function of the plasma lipoproteins . Cardio Rev Rep 1982;;3:1032-1035.
45 +
Maciejko JJ, Holmes DR, Kottke BA, et al:  Apolipoprotein A-I as a marker of angiographically-assessed coronary artery disease . N Engl J Med 1983;;309:385-389.
46 +
Kottke BA, Zinsmeister AR, Holmes DR, et al:  Apolipoproteins and coronary artery disease . Mayo Clin Proc 1986;;61:313-320.
47 +
Kukita H, Hiwada K, Kokubu T:  Serum apolipoprotein A-I, A-II and B levels and their discriminative values in relatives of patients with coronary artery disease . Atherosclerosis 1984;; 51:261-267.
48 +
Schaefer EJ, Levy RI:  Pathogenesis and management of lipoprotein disorders . N Engl J Med 1985;;312:1300-1310.
49 +
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group:  Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial . JAMA 1982;;245:1465-1476.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Bachorik PS, Wood PD:  Laboratory considerations in the diagnosis and management of hyperlipoproteinemia , in Rifkind B, Levy R (eds): Hyperlipidemia Diagnosis and Therapy . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1977;, pp 41-69.
2 +
Lipid Research Clinics:  The Lipid Research Clinics Primary Prevention Trial Results, I and II . JAMA 1984;;251:351-374.
3 +
Levy RI, Brensike JF, Epstein SE, et al:  The influence of changes in lipid values induced by cholestyramine and diet on progression of coronary artery disease: Results of the NHLBI type II coronary intervention study . Circulation 1984;; 69:325-336.
4 +
Nikkila EA, Viikinkoski P, Valle M:  Effect of lipid lowering treatment on progression of coronary arteriosclerosis, abstracted . Circulation 1983;; 68:111-188.
5 +
Superko HR, Wood PD, Haskell WL:  Coronary heart disease and risk factor modification: Is there a threshold? Am J Med 1985;;78:826-838.
6 +
Eder HA, Gidez LI:  The clinical significance of the plasma high density lipoproteins . Med Clin North Am 1982;;66:431-440.
7 +
Stoker DJ, Wynn V, Robertson G:  Effect of posture on plasma cholesterol level . Br Med J 1966;;1:336-338.
8 +
Bleiler RE, Yearick ES, Schnuru SS, et al:  Seasonal variation of cholesterol in serum of men and women . Am J Clin Nutr 1963;;12:12-16.
9 +
Williams PT, Wood PD, Haskell WL, et al:  The effect of running mileage and duration on plasma lipoprotein levels . JAMA 1982;;247:2674-2679.
10 +
Williams PT, Wood PD, Krauss RM, et al:  Does weight loss cause the exercise induced increase in plasma high-density lipoproteins? Atherosclerosis 1983;;47:173-185.
11 +
Schlierf G, Arab L, Oster P:  Influence of diet on high-density lipoproteins . Am J Cardiol 1983;; 52:17B-19B.
12 +
Ehnholm C, Huttman JK, Pietinen, et al:  Effect of diet on serum lipoproteins in a population with a high risk of coronary heart disease . N Engl J Med 1982;;307:850-855.
13 +
Williams P, Wood PD, Vranizan KM, et al:  Coffee intake and elevated cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels in men . JAMA 1985;;253:1407-1411.
14 +
Thelle DS, Arnesen E, Forde OH:  The Tromso heart study: Does coffee raise serum cholesterol? N Engl J Med 1983;;308:1454-1457.
15 +
Dodds C, Mills GL:  Influence of myocardial infarction on plasma lipoprotein concentration . Lancet 1959;;1:1160-1163.
16 +
Miller GJ, Kaplan JP, Morgan P, et al:  High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and other serum lipids in an isolated island community free of coronary heart disease . Int J Epidemiol 1979;;8:219-225.
17 +
Wallace RB, Hunninghake DB, Reiland S, et al:  Alterations of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels associated with consumption of selected medications . Circulation 1980;;62( (suppl IV) ):77-82.
18 +
Criqui MH, Wallace RB, Heiss G, et al:  Cigarette smoking and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol . Circulation 1980;;62( (suppl IV) ):70-76.
19 +
Haskell WL, Camargo C, Williams PT, et al:  The effect of cessation and resumption of moderate alcohol intake on serum high-density lipoprotein levels . JAMA 1984;;310:805-810.
20 +
Hainline A, Cooper GR, Olansky AS, et al: A Survey of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Measurement: A Report . Atlanta, Centers for Disease Control, 1980;.
21 +
Warnick GR, Albers JJ, Teng-Leary E:  HDL cholesterol: Results of interlaboratory proficiency test . Clin Chem 1980;;26:169-170.
22 +
Bachorik PS, Most B, Lippel K, et al:  Plasma lipoprotein analysis: Relative precision of total cholesterol and lipoprotein-cholesterol measurements in 12 Lipid Research Clinics laboratories . Clin Chem 1981;;27:1217-1222.
23 +
Albers JJ, Warnick RL, Johnson N, et al:  Quality control of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement methods . Circulation 1980;;4:9-17.
24 +
Castelli WP, Abbott RD, McNamara PM:  Summary of estimates of cholesterol used to predict coronary heart disease . Circulation 1983;; 67:730-734.
25 +
Hainline A, Karon J, Lippel K (eds): Lipid Research Clinics Program: Manual of Laboratory Operations . US Dept of Health and Human Services, 1982;.
26 +
Calvert DG, Yeates RA, Mannick T:  A comparison of phosphotungstate magnesium precipitation and heparin-manganese precipitation procedures for estimating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol . Ann Clin Biochem 1978;;17:105-108.
27 +
Warnick GR, Albers JJ:  HDL cholesterol quantitation: Comparison of six precipitation methods and ultracentrifugation , in Lippel K (ed): Report of the High Density Lipoprotein Methodology Workshop , National Institutes of Health publication 79-1661. US Dept of Health, Education and Welfare, 1979;, pp 53-69.
28 +
Nelson GJ:  Handling, extraction and storage of blood samples , in Nelson GJ (ed): Blood Lipids and Lipoproteins: Quantitation, Composition and Metabolism . New York, Wiley-Interscience, 1972;, pp 3-24.
29 +
Koerselman HB, Lewis B, Pilkington TRE:  The effect of venous occlusion on the level of serum cholesterol . J Atheroscler Res 1961;;1:85-88.
30 +
Schwertner HA, Friedman HS:  Changes in lipid values and lipoprotein patterns of serum samples contaminated with bacteria . Am J Clin Pathol 1973;;59:829-835.
31 +
Bachorik PS, Walker RE, Kwiterovich PO:  Determination of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in human plasma stored at —70 C . J Lipid Res 1982;;23:1236-1242.
32 +
Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, et al:  Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol . Clin Chem 1974;;20:470-475.
33 +
Wilson DE, Spiger MJ:  A dual precipitation method for quantitative plasma lipoprotein measurement without ultracentrifugation . J Lab Clin Chem 1973;;82:473-482.
34 +
Bachorik PS, Wood PD, Albers JJ, et al:  Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations determined after removal of other lipoproteins by heparin/manganese precipitation or by ultracentrifugation . Clin Chem 1976;;22:1828-1834.
35 +
Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS:  Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge . Clin Chem 1972;; 18:499-509.
36 +
Holtz W:  Nicotinic acid and its derivatives . Adv Lipid Res 1983;;20:195-217.
37 +
Streja D, Steiner G, Kwiterovich PO:  Plasma high-density lipoproteins and ischemic heart disease . Ann Intern Med 1978;;89:871-880.
38 +
Borge KG, Canner PL, Hainline A:  High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and prognosis after myocardial infarction . Circulation 1982;;66:1176-1178.
39 +
Davis CE, Gordon D, LaRosa J, et al:  Correlations of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with other plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations . Circulation 1980;;62( (suppl 4) ):24-30.
40 +
Wood PD, Haskell WL, Klein H, et al:  The distribution of plasma lipoproteins in middle-aged male runners . Metabolism 1976;;25:1249-1257.
41 +
Kantor MA, Bianchini A, Bernier D, et al:  Androgens reduce HDL2-cholesterol and increase hepatic triglyceride lipase activity . Med Sci Sports Exerc 1985;;17:462-465.
42 +
Grimm RH, Hunninghake DB:  Lipids and hypertension . Am J Med 1986;;80( (suppl 2A) ):56-63.
43 +
Glueck CJ, Gartside P, Fallat RW, et al:  Longevity syndromes: Familial hypobeta and familial hyperalphalipoproteinemia . J Lab Clin Med 1976;;88:941-957.
44 +
Gotto AM:  The plasma apolipoproteins: Regulation of the structure and function of the plasma lipoproteins . Cardio Rev Rep 1982;;3:1032-1035.
45 +
Maciejko JJ, Holmes DR, Kottke BA, et al:  Apolipoprotein A-I as a marker of angiographically-assessed coronary artery disease . N Engl J Med 1983;;309:385-389.
46 +
Kottke BA, Zinsmeister AR, Holmes DR, et al:  Apolipoproteins and coronary artery disease . Mayo Clin Proc 1986;;61:313-320.
47 +
Kukita H, Hiwada K, Kokubu T:  Serum apolipoprotein A-I, A-II and B levels and their discriminative values in relatives of patients with coronary artery disease . Atherosclerosis 1984;; 51:261-267.
48 +
Schaefer EJ, Levy RI:  Pathogenesis and management of lipoprotein disorders . N Engl J Med 1985;;312:1300-1310.
49 +
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group:  Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial . JAMA 1982;;245:1465-1476.

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