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August 9, 1985, Vol 254, No. 6 >
ARTICLE | August 9, 1985

Mitral Valve Prolapse: Title and subTitle BreakAn Update FREE

Robert M. Jeresaty, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

This article is one of a series sponsored by the American Heart Association.

Reprint requests to Section of Cardiology, St Francis Hospital and Medical Center, 1140 Woodland St, Hartford, CT 06 105 (Dr Jeresaty).


JAMA. 1985;254(6):793-795. doi:10.1001/jama.1985.03360060095033
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References

MITRAL valve prolapse (MVP), defined as echocardiographic, angiographic, and pathological protrusion of the mitral leaflets into the left atrium during systole, may affect about 5% of the population and was first widely recognized in the mid-1960s.1-3 It is frequently associated with a click and/or murmur. A syndrome consisting of nonspecific symptoms, electrocardiographic abnormalities, and arrhythmias has been recognized by many investigators.1-3 Although doubt has recently been expressed about the existence of this syndrome,4-6 the complications of MVP,2,7-10 albeit rare, earn for it an important place in modern cardiology and may represent its "raison d'être."

Pathology and Etiology  Because of the generally benign course of MVP, its underlying pathology has been well documented only in advanced forms that are associated with severe mitral insufficiency and have been termed the "floppy mitral valve."7,8 Of great interest has been the demonstration of similar pathological changes in 26 patients

REFERENCES

1 +
Barlow JB, Bosman CK, Pocock WA, et al:  Late systolic murmurs and non-ejection ("mid-late") systolic clicks . Br Heart J 1968;;30:203-218.
2 +
Jeresaty RM: Mitral Valve Prolapse . New York, Raven Press, 1979;.
3 +
Cheitlin MD, Byrd RC:  The click-murmur syndrome: A clinical problem in diagnosis and treatment . JAMA 1981;;245:1357-1361.
4 +
Hancock EW:  Is there mitral valve prolapse syndrome? Int J Cardiol 1982;;1:433-444.
5 +
Savage DD, Devereux RB, Garrison RJ, et al:  Mitral valve prolapse in the general population: II. Clinical features: The Framingham Study . Am Heart J 1983;;106:577-581.
6 +
Levine RA, Weyman AE:  Mitral valve prolapse: A disease in search of, or created by, its definition . Echocardiography 1984;;1:3-12.
7 +
Shrivastava S, Guthrie RB, Edwards JE:  Prolapse of the mitral valve . Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis 1977;;46:57-61.
8 +
Waller BF, Morrow AG, Maron BJ, et al:  Etiology of clinically isolated, severe, chronic, pure mitral regurgitation: Analysis of 97 patients over 30 years of age having mitral valve replacement . Am Heart J 1982;;104:276-288.
9 +
Chesler E, King RA, Edwards JE:  The myxomatous mitral valve and sudden death . Circulation 1983;;67:632-639.
10 +
Barnett HJM, Boughner DR, Taylor DW, et al:  Further evidence relating mitral valve prolapse to cerebral ischemic events . N Engl J Med 1980;;302:139-144.
11 +
Devereux RB, Brown WT, Kramer-Fox R, et al:  Inheritance of mitral valve prolapse: Effect of age and sex on gene expression . Ann Intern Med 1982;;97:826-832.
12 +
Procacci PM, Savran SV, Schreiter SL, et al:  Prevalence of clinical mitral-valve prolapse in 1,169 young women . N Engl J Med 1976;;294:1086-1088.
13 +
Perloff JK:  Evolving concepts of mitral-valve prolapse . N Engl J Med 1982;;307:369-370.
14 +
Barlow JB, Pocock WA:  The mitral valve prolapse enigma: Two decades later . Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis 1984;;53:13-17.
15 +
Alpert MA, Carney RJ, Flaker GC, et al:  Sensitivity and specificity of two-dimensional echocardiographic signs of mitral valve prolapse . Am J Cardiol 1984;;54:792-796.
16 +
Spindola-Franco H, Bjork L, Adams DF, et al:  Classification of the radiological morphology of the mitral valve: Differentiation between true and pseudoprolapse . Br Heart J 1980;;44:30-36.
17 +
Mills P, Rose J, Hollingsworth BA, et al:  Long-term prognosis of mitral-valve prolapse . N Engl J Med 1977;;297:13-18.
18 +
Jeresaty RM, Edwards JE, Chawla SK:  Mitral valve prolapse and ruptured chordae tendineae . Am J Cardiol 1985;;55:138-142.
19 +
Leatham A, Brigden W:  Mild mitral regurgitation and the mitral prolapse fiasco . Am Heart J 1980;;99:659-664.
20 +
Clementy J, Roudaut R, Billes MA, et al:  Aspects actuels du prolapsus valvulaire mitral . Ann Cardiol Angeiol 1982;;31:35-46.

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1 +
Barlow JB, Bosman CK, Pocock WA, et al:  Late systolic murmurs and non-ejection ("mid-late") systolic clicks . Br Heart J 1968;;30:203-218.
2 +
Jeresaty RM: Mitral Valve Prolapse . New York, Raven Press, 1979;.
3 +
Cheitlin MD, Byrd RC:  The click-murmur syndrome: A clinical problem in diagnosis and treatment . JAMA 1981;;245:1357-1361.
4 +
Hancock EW:  Is there mitral valve prolapse syndrome? Int J Cardiol 1982;;1:433-444.
5 +
Savage DD, Devereux RB, Garrison RJ, et al:  Mitral valve prolapse in the general population: II. Clinical features: The Framingham Study . Am Heart J 1983;;106:577-581.
6 +
Levine RA, Weyman AE:  Mitral valve prolapse: A disease in search of, or created by, its definition . Echocardiography 1984;;1:3-12.
7 +
Shrivastava S, Guthrie RB, Edwards JE:  Prolapse of the mitral valve . Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis 1977;;46:57-61.
8 +
Waller BF, Morrow AG, Maron BJ, et al:  Etiology of clinically isolated, severe, chronic, pure mitral regurgitation: Analysis of 97 patients over 30 years of age having mitral valve replacement . Am Heart J 1982;;104:276-288.
9 +
Chesler E, King RA, Edwards JE:  The myxomatous mitral valve and sudden death . Circulation 1983;;67:632-639.
10 +
Barnett HJM, Boughner DR, Taylor DW, et al:  Further evidence relating mitral valve prolapse to cerebral ischemic events . N Engl J Med 1980;;302:139-144.
11 +
Devereux RB, Brown WT, Kramer-Fox R, et al:  Inheritance of mitral valve prolapse: Effect of age and sex on gene expression . Ann Intern Med 1982;;97:826-832.
12 +
Procacci PM, Savran SV, Schreiter SL, et al:  Prevalence of clinical mitral-valve prolapse in 1,169 young women . N Engl J Med 1976;;294:1086-1088.
13 +
Perloff JK:  Evolving concepts of mitral-valve prolapse . N Engl J Med 1982;;307:369-370.
14 +
Barlow JB, Pocock WA:  The mitral valve prolapse enigma: Two decades later . Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis 1984;;53:13-17.
15 +
Alpert MA, Carney RJ, Flaker GC, et al:  Sensitivity and specificity of two-dimensional echocardiographic signs of mitral valve prolapse . Am J Cardiol 1984;;54:792-796.
16 +
Spindola-Franco H, Bjork L, Adams DF, et al:  Classification of the radiological morphology of the mitral valve: Differentiation between true and pseudoprolapse . Br Heart J 1980;;44:30-36.
17 +
Mills P, Rose J, Hollingsworth BA, et al:  Long-term prognosis of mitral-valve prolapse . N Engl J Med 1977;;297:13-18.
18 +
Jeresaty RM, Edwards JE, Chawla SK:  Mitral valve prolapse and ruptured chordae tendineae . Am J Cardiol 1985;;55:138-142.
19 +
Leatham A, Brigden W:  Mild mitral regurgitation and the mitral prolapse fiasco . Am Heart J 1980;;99:659-664.
20 +
Clementy J, Roudaut R, Billes MA, et al:  Aspects actuels du prolapsus valvulaire mitral . Ann Cardiol Angeiol 1982;;31:35-46.

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