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December 6, 1985, Vol 254, No. 21 >
ARTICLE | December 6, 1985

Chagas' Disease in Latin American Immigrants FREE

Louis V. Kirchhoff, MD, MPH; Franklin A. Neva, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 5, Room 114, Bethesda, MD 20205 (Dr Kirchhoff).


JAMA. 1985;254(21):3058-3060. doi:10.1001/jama.1985.03360210074033
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References

Chagas' disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite that infects an estimated 10 to 12 million Latin Americans. Because infection is often lifelong, individuals from endemic areas may develop symptomatic chronic Chagas' disease years after emigrating to the United States. We report three immigrant patients from Latin America who illustrate the indeterminate phase and the symptomatic cardiac and gastrointestinal syndromes of this illness.

(JAMA 1985;254:3058-3060)

REFERENCES

1 +
Kirchhoff LV, Neva FA:  Trypanosoma species (Chagas' disease) , in Mandell GL, Douglas RG Jr, Bennett JE (eds): Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases , ed 2. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1984;, pp 1531-1537.
2 +
Brener Z:  Recent developments in the field of Chagas' disease . Bull WHO 1982;;60:463-473.
3 +
Kagan IG, Norman L, Allain D:  Studies on Trypanosoma cruzi isolated in the United States: A review . Rev Biol Trop 1966;;14:55-73.
4 +
Schiffler RJ, Mansur GP, Navin TR, et al:  Indigenous Chagas' disease (American trypanosomiasis) in California . JAMA 1984;;251:2983-2984.
5 +
Tabulation of Immigrants Admitted by Country of Birth, 1954-1983 . Immigration and Nationalization Service, US Dept of State, 1984;.
6 +
Passel JS, Woodrow KA: Geographic Distribution of Undocumented Immigrants: Estimates of Undocumented Aliens Counted in the 1980 Census by State . Population Division, US Bureau of the Census, 1984;.
7 +
Gusmão Rd'A, Rezende JM, Rassi A, et al:  Antibody levels to Trypanosoma cruzi in infected patients with and without evidence of chronic Chagas' disease . Am J Trop Med Hyg 1982;;31:452-458.
8 +
Camargo ME:  Fluorescent antibody test for the diagnosis of American trypanosomiasis: Technical modification employing preserved culture forms of Trypanosoma cruzi in a slide test. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1966;;8:227-234.
9 +
Raizman RE, deRezende JM, Neva FA:  A clinical trial with pre- and post-treatment manometry comparing pneumatic dilatation with bouginage for treatment of Chagas' megaesophagus . Am J Gastroenterol 1980;;74:405-409.
10 +
Schmuñis GA:  Chagas' disease and blood transfusion , in Dodd RY (ed): Infection, Immunity and Blood Transfusion . New York, Alan R Liss Inc, 1985;, pp 101-126.
11 +
Amorim D de S:  Chagas' disease . Prog Cardiol 1979;;8:235-279.
12 +
Wegner DHG, Rohwedder RW:  Experience with nifurtimox in chronic Chagas' infection . Arzneimittelforsch 1972;;22:1635-1642.
13 +
Brener Z:  Present status of chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis of human trypanosomiasis in the western hemisphere . Pharmacol Ther 1979;;7:71-90.
14 +
Cançado JR, Marra UD, Lopes M, et al:  Toxicidad y valor terapéutico del Bay 2502 en la enfermedad de Chagas crónica en tres esquemas posológicos . Bol Chil Parasitol 1969;;24:28-32.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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1 +
Kirchhoff LV, Neva FA:  Trypanosoma species (Chagas' disease) , in Mandell GL, Douglas RG Jr, Bennett JE (eds): Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases , ed 2. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1984;, pp 1531-1537.
2 +
Brener Z:  Recent developments in the field of Chagas' disease . Bull WHO 1982;;60:463-473.
3 +
Kagan IG, Norman L, Allain D:  Studies on Trypanosoma cruzi isolated in the United States: A review . Rev Biol Trop 1966;;14:55-73.
4 +
Schiffler RJ, Mansur GP, Navin TR, et al:  Indigenous Chagas' disease (American trypanosomiasis) in California . JAMA 1984;;251:2983-2984.
5 +
Tabulation of Immigrants Admitted by Country of Birth, 1954-1983 . Immigration and Nationalization Service, US Dept of State, 1984;.
6 +
Passel JS, Woodrow KA: Geographic Distribution of Undocumented Immigrants: Estimates of Undocumented Aliens Counted in the 1980 Census by State . Population Division, US Bureau of the Census, 1984;.
7 +
Gusmão Rd'A, Rezende JM, Rassi A, et al:  Antibody levels to Trypanosoma cruzi in infected patients with and without evidence of chronic Chagas' disease . Am J Trop Med Hyg 1982;;31:452-458.
8 +
Camargo ME:  Fluorescent antibody test for the diagnosis of American trypanosomiasis: Technical modification employing preserved culture forms of Trypanosoma cruzi in a slide test. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1966;;8:227-234.
9 +
Raizman RE, deRezende JM, Neva FA:  A clinical trial with pre- and post-treatment manometry comparing pneumatic dilatation with bouginage for treatment of Chagas' megaesophagus . Am J Gastroenterol 1980;;74:405-409.
10 +
Schmuñis GA:  Chagas' disease and blood transfusion , in Dodd RY (ed): Infection, Immunity and Blood Transfusion . New York, Alan R Liss Inc, 1985;, pp 101-126.
11 +
Amorim D de S:  Chagas' disease . Prog Cardiol 1979;;8:235-279.
12 +
Wegner DHG, Rohwedder RW:  Experience with nifurtimox in chronic Chagas' infection . Arzneimittelforsch 1972;;22:1635-1642.
13 +
Brener Z:  Present status of chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis of human trypanosomiasis in the western hemisphere . Pharmacol Ther 1979;;7:71-90.
14 +
Cançado JR, Marra UD, Lopes M, et al:  Toxicidad y valor terapéutico del Bay 2502 en la enfermedad de Chagas crónica en tres esquemas posológicos . Bol Chil Parasitol 1969;;24:28-32.

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