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July 27, 1984, Vol 252, No. 4 >
ARTICLE | July 27, 1984

Exercise Programs for the Elderly FREE

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Report C of the Council of Scientific Affairs, adopted by the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association at the 1983 interim meeting.

This report is not intended to serve as a standard of medical care; standards of medical care are determined locally, are constantly subject to change, and are established on the basis of all the several facts of the individual case.

Reprint requests to Council on Scientific Affairs, Division of Personal and Public Health Policy, American Medical Association, 535 N Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60610.


JAMA. 1984;252(4):544-546. doi:10.1001/jama.1984.03350040074032
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References

THE FASTEST-GROWING age group in the United States is the elderly. While it has not been ascertained at which specific age a person would be classified as "elderly," it is common to classify as "elderly" anyone past the age of 65 years. Individuals join these ranks at the rate of approximately 1,000 per day, and it is estimated that by 1985, 50% of the population will be older than 50 years.1 The "baby boom" of the past is being replaced by the senior citizen explosion.1 This growing segment of our population, given the proper health and special care that its complex needs require, can attain a healthful and fulfilling life span. Although the physical and mental manifestations that occur in the aging process are inevitable, the same signs of aging may be retarded or accelerated. This potential is explored in this report, which deals with the role of

REFERENCES

1 +
Jamy PP: Prescribing for the Elderly . Littleton, Mass, PSG Publishing Co Inc, 1980;, pp 1-11.
2 +
Bortz WM II:  Effect of exercise on aging: Effect of aging on exercise . J Am Geriatr Soc 1980;;28:49-51.
3 +
Bortz WM II:  Disease and aging . JAMA 1982;;248:1203-1207.
4 +
Aloia JF:  Exercise and skeletal health . J Am Geriatr Soc 1981;;29:104-107.
5 +
DeVries HA:  Physiological effects of an exercise training regimen upon men aged 52 to 88 . J Gerontol 1970;;25:325-336.
6 +
Dehn M, Bruce R:  Longitudinal variations in maximal oxygen uptake with age and activity . J Appl Physiol 1972;;33:805-807.
7 +
Hollmann W: Korperliches training als Pravention von Herz-Kreislauf-Krankheiten . Stuttgart, West Germany, Hippokrates-Verlag, 1965;.
8 +
Dill BD, Robinson S, Ross JC:  A longitudinal study of 16 champion runners . J Sports Med 1967;;7:4-32.
9 +
Kasch FW, Phillips WH, Carter JEL, et al:  Cardiovascular changes in middle-aged men during two years of training . J Appl Physiol 1973;; 34:53-57.
10 +
Mead WF, Hartwig R:  Fitness evaluation and exercise prescription . J Fam Pract 1982;; 13:1039-1050.
11 +
DeCarlo TJ, Castiglione LU, Cavusoglu M:  A program of balanced physical fitness in the preventive care of elderly ambulatory patients . J Am Geriatr Soc 1977;;25:331-334.
12 +
Sidney KH, Shephard RJ, Harrison JE:  Endurance training and body composition of the elderly . Am J Clin Nutr 1977;;30:326-333.
13 +
Spirduso WW:  Physical fitness, aging, and psychomotor speed: A review . J Gerontol 1980;; 35:850-865.
14 +
Jarrett PS:  Some mental aspects of physical fitness . J Fla Med Assoc 1980;;67:378-381.
15 +
Freidrich JA:  Tension control techniques to combat stress , in Harris R, Frankel LJ (eds): Guide to Fitness After Fifty . New York, Plenum Press, 1977;, pp 323-338.
16 +
Grimes HA:  Exercise for the aging, the lame and the halt . J Ark Med Soc 1978;;74:455-456.
17 +
Kraus H:  Reconditioning aging muscles . Geriatrics 1978;;33:93-96.
18 +
Kraus H, Melleby A, Gaston SR:  Back pain correction and prevention: National voluntary organizational approach . NY State J Med 1977;; 7:1335-1338.
19 +
Smith AE, Brandt SH:  Physical activity: A tool in promoting mental health . J Psychiatr Nurs 1979;;17:24-25.
20 +
American Medical Association Committee on Exercise and Physical Fitness:  Evaluation for exercise participation: The apparently healthy individual . JAMA 1972;;219:900-901.
21 +
American Medical Association Council on Scientific Affairs:  Indications and contraindications for exercise testing . JAMA 1981;;246:1015-1018.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Jamy PP: Prescribing for the Elderly . Littleton, Mass, PSG Publishing Co Inc, 1980;, pp 1-11.
2 +
Bortz WM II:  Effect of exercise on aging: Effect of aging on exercise . J Am Geriatr Soc 1980;;28:49-51.
3 +
Bortz WM II:  Disease and aging . JAMA 1982;;248:1203-1207.
4 +
Aloia JF:  Exercise and skeletal health . J Am Geriatr Soc 1981;;29:104-107.
5 +
DeVries HA:  Physiological effects of an exercise training regimen upon men aged 52 to 88 . J Gerontol 1970;;25:325-336.
6 +
Dehn M, Bruce R:  Longitudinal variations in maximal oxygen uptake with age and activity . J Appl Physiol 1972;;33:805-807.
7 +
Hollmann W: Korperliches training als Pravention von Herz-Kreislauf-Krankheiten . Stuttgart, West Germany, Hippokrates-Verlag, 1965;.
8 +
Dill BD, Robinson S, Ross JC:  A longitudinal study of 16 champion runners . J Sports Med 1967;;7:4-32.
9 +
Kasch FW, Phillips WH, Carter JEL, et al:  Cardiovascular changes in middle-aged men during two years of training . J Appl Physiol 1973;; 34:53-57.
10 +
Mead WF, Hartwig R:  Fitness evaluation and exercise prescription . J Fam Pract 1982;; 13:1039-1050.
11 +
DeCarlo TJ, Castiglione LU, Cavusoglu M:  A program of balanced physical fitness in the preventive care of elderly ambulatory patients . J Am Geriatr Soc 1977;;25:331-334.
12 +
Sidney KH, Shephard RJ, Harrison JE:  Endurance training and body composition of the elderly . Am J Clin Nutr 1977;;30:326-333.
13 +
Spirduso WW:  Physical fitness, aging, and psychomotor speed: A review . J Gerontol 1980;; 35:850-865.
14 +
Jarrett PS:  Some mental aspects of physical fitness . J Fla Med Assoc 1980;;67:378-381.
15 +
Freidrich JA:  Tension control techniques to combat stress , in Harris R, Frankel LJ (eds): Guide to Fitness After Fifty . New York, Plenum Press, 1977;, pp 323-338.
16 +
Grimes HA:  Exercise for the aging, the lame and the halt . J Ark Med Soc 1978;;74:455-456.
17 +
Kraus H:  Reconditioning aging muscles . Geriatrics 1978;;33:93-96.
18 +
Kraus H, Melleby A, Gaston SR:  Back pain correction and prevention: National voluntary organizational approach . NY State J Med 1977;; 7:1335-1338.
19 +
Smith AE, Brandt SH:  Physical activity: A tool in promoting mental health . J Psychiatr Nurs 1979;;17:24-25.
20 +
American Medical Association Committee on Exercise and Physical Fitness:  Evaluation for exercise participation: The apparently healthy individual . JAMA 1972;;219:900-901.
21 +
American Medical Association Council on Scientific Affairs:  Indications and contraindications for exercise testing . JAMA 1981;;246:1015-1018.

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