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August 10, 1984, Vol 252, No. 6 >
ARTICLE | August 10, 1984

Caffeine Labeling FREE

[+] Author Affiliations

Report A of the Council on Scientific Affairs, adopted by the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association at the 1983 interim meeting.

Reprint requests to Food and Nutrition Program, American Medical Association, 535 N Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60610.


JAMA. 1984;252(6):803-806. doi:10.1001/jama.1984.03350060047029
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References

A REPORT on the safety of dietary caffeine, presented at the Jan 24, 1981, meeting of the Council on Scientific Affairs, suggested that "moderate methylxanthine consumers, eg, moderate tea or coffee drinkers, probably need have no concern for their health relative to their caffeine consumption provided other life-style habits (diet, alcohol consumption) are moderate, as well."

TOXICITY OF CAFFEINE  The Resident Physicians' Section of the American Medical Association indicated but did not specify "concerns" regarding current levels of dietary caffeine consumption. This report addresses the widely publicized possible risks associated with caffeine consumption.

Carcinogenicity  Following a 1980 safety evaluation of caffeine as a food ingredient, the Food and Drug Administration stated:Based on the currently available data, FDA cannot determine conclusively whether caffeine is, or is not, carcinogenic in animals. There is no adequate basis at this time, however, for concluding that caffeine poses any risk of cancer in humans.

REFERENCES

1 +
Caffeine:  Deletion of GRAS status, proposed declaration that no prior sanction exists, and use on an interim basis pending additional study: Proposed regulations . Fed Register 1980;; 45( (Oct 21) ):69817-69838.
2 +
Najem GR, Louria DB, Seebode JJ, et al:  Life time occupation, smoking, caffeine, saccharine, hair dyes and bladder carcinogenesis . Int J Epidemiol 1982;;11:212-217.
3 +
Lin RS, Kessler II:  A multifactorial model for pancreatic cancer in man . JAMA 1981;; 245:147-152.
4 +
Minton JP, Foecking MK, Webster DJT, et al:  Caffeine, cyclic nucleotides, and breast disease . Surgery 1979;;86:105-109.
5 +
Ernster VL, Mason L, Goodson WH III, et al:  Effects of caffeine-free diet on benign breast disease: A randomized trial . Surgery 1982;;91:263-267.
6 +
Curatolo PW, Robertson D:  Health consequences of caffeine . Ann Intern Med 1983;;98:641-653.
7 +
Love SM, Gelman RS, Silen W:  Fibrocystic 'disease' of the breast: A non disease ? N Engl J Med 1982;;307:1010-1014.
8 +
Rosenberg L, Mitchell AA, Shapiro S, et al:  Selected birth defects in relation to caffeine-containing beverages . JAMA 1982;;247:1429-1432.
9 +
Linn S, Schoenbaum SC, Monsom RR, et al:  No association between coffee consumption and adverse outcomes of pregnancy . N Engl J Med 1982;;306:141-145.
10 +
Evaluation of the Health Aspects of Caffeine as a Food Ingredient . Bethesda, Md, Life Sciences Research Office, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 1978;.
11 +
Rall TW:  Central nervous system stimulants: The xanthines , in Gilman AG, Goodman LS, Gilman A (eds): Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , ed 6. New York, Macmillan Publishing Co Inc, 1980;, p 594.
12 +
Prineas RJ, Jacobs DR, Crow RS, et al:  Coffee, tea, and VPB . J Chronic Dis 1980;; 33:67-72.
13 +
Debacker G, Jacobs D, Prineas R, et al:  Ventricular premature contractions: A randomized non-drug intervention trial in normal men . Circulation 1979;;59:762-769.
14 +
Dobmeyer DJ, Stine RA, Leier CV, et al:  The arrhythmogenic effects of caffeine in human beings . N Engl J Med 1983;;308:814-815.
15 +
Grayboys TB, Lown B:  Coffee, arrhythmias, and common sense . N Engl J Med 1983;; 308:835-836.
16 +
Dawber TR, Kannel WB, Gordon T:  Coffee and cardiovascular disease . N Engl J Med 1974;; 291:871-874.
17 +
Oser BL, Ford RA:  Caffeine: An update . Drug Chem Toxicol 1981;;4:311-329.
18 +
Food and Nutrition Board, Committee on Nutrition of the Mother and Preschool Child: Alternative Dietary Practices and Nutrition Abuses in Pregnancy: A Summary Report . Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1982;.
19 +
Morgan KJ, Stultz VJ, Zabik ME:  Amount and dietary sources of caffeine and saccharin intake by individuals ages 5 to 18 . Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 1982;;2:296-307.
20 +
Blaugh JL, Tarka SM Jr:  HPLC determination of caffeine and theobromine in coffee, tea, and instant hot cocoa mixes . J Food Sci 1983;; 48:745-750.
21 +
Graham DM:  Caffeine: Its identity, dietary sources, intake and biological effects . Nutr Rev 1978;;36:97-102.
22 +
Standard of identity for soda water. 21 CFR §165.175.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Caffeine:  Deletion of GRAS status, proposed declaration that no prior sanction exists, and use on an interim basis pending additional study: Proposed regulations . Fed Register 1980;; 45( (Oct 21) ):69817-69838.
2 +
Najem GR, Louria DB, Seebode JJ, et al:  Life time occupation, smoking, caffeine, saccharine, hair dyes and bladder carcinogenesis . Int J Epidemiol 1982;;11:212-217.
3 +
Lin RS, Kessler II:  A multifactorial model for pancreatic cancer in man . JAMA 1981;; 245:147-152.
4 +
Minton JP, Foecking MK, Webster DJT, et al:  Caffeine, cyclic nucleotides, and breast disease . Surgery 1979;;86:105-109.
5 +
Ernster VL, Mason L, Goodson WH III, et al:  Effects of caffeine-free diet on benign breast disease: A randomized trial . Surgery 1982;;91:263-267.
6 +
Curatolo PW, Robertson D:  Health consequences of caffeine . Ann Intern Med 1983;;98:641-653.
7 +
Love SM, Gelman RS, Silen W:  Fibrocystic 'disease' of the breast: A non disease ? N Engl J Med 1982;;307:1010-1014.
8 +
Rosenberg L, Mitchell AA, Shapiro S, et al:  Selected birth defects in relation to caffeine-containing beverages . JAMA 1982;;247:1429-1432.
9 +
Linn S, Schoenbaum SC, Monsom RR, et al:  No association between coffee consumption and adverse outcomes of pregnancy . N Engl J Med 1982;;306:141-145.
10 +
Evaluation of the Health Aspects of Caffeine as a Food Ingredient . Bethesda, Md, Life Sciences Research Office, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 1978;.
11 +
Rall TW:  Central nervous system stimulants: The xanthines , in Gilman AG, Goodman LS, Gilman A (eds): Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , ed 6. New York, Macmillan Publishing Co Inc, 1980;, p 594.
12 +
Prineas RJ, Jacobs DR, Crow RS, et al:  Coffee, tea, and VPB . J Chronic Dis 1980;; 33:67-72.
13 +
Debacker G, Jacobs D, Prineas R, et al:  Ventricular premature contractions: A randomized non-drug intervention trial in normal men . Circulation 1979;;59:762-769.
14 +
Dobmeyer DJ, Stine RA, Leier CV, et al:  The arrhythmogenic effects of caffeine in human beings . N Engl J Med 1983;;308:814-815.
15 +
Grayboys TB, Lown B:  Coffee, arrhythmias, and common sense . N Engl J Med 1983;; 308:835-836.
16 +
Dawber TR, Kannel WB, Gordon T:  Coffee and cardiovascular disease . N Engl J Med 1974;; 291:871-874.
17 +
Oser BL, Ford RA:  Caffeine: An update . Drug Chem Toxicol 1981;;4:311-329.
18 +
Food and Nutrition Board, Committee on Nutrition of the Mother and Preschool Child: Alternative Dietary Practices and Nutrition Abuses in Pregnancy: A Summary Report . Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1982;.
19 +
Morgan KJ, Stultz VJ, Zabik ME:  Amount and dietary sources of caffeine and saccharin intake by individuals ages 5 to 18 . Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 1982;;2:296-307.
20 +
Blaugh JL, Tarka SM Jr:  HPLC determination of caffeine and theobromine in coffee, tea, and instant hot cocoa mixes . J Food Sci 1983;; 48:745-750.
21 +
Graham DM:  Caffeine: Its identity, dietary sources, intake and biological effects . Nutr Rev 1978;;36:97-102.
22 +
Standard of identity for soda water. 21 CFR §165.175.

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