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ARTICLE |

Transient, Marked, Unexplained Elevation of Serum Alkaline Phosphatase FREE

Peter G. Steinherz, MD; Laurel J. Steinherz, MD; Jerome S. Nisselbaum, PhD; M. Lois Murphy, MD
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JAMA. 1984;252(23):3289-3292. doi:10.1001/jama.1984.03350230049033
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Five children, aged 16 to 38 months, were found to have serum alkaline phosphatase levels seven to 30 times the upper limit of the reference range. Studies suggested a skeletal origin for the enzyme. No other abnormalities or explanations for the unusual enzyme levels were found. The enzyme levels returned to the reference range. A retrospective review of the records of 74 children with lymphoblastic leukemia, who were 2 to 4 years of age at diagnosis, disclosed only four cases of transient, isolated serum alkaline phosphatase elevation similar in degree to those described herein. The review covered 661 patient-years of follow-up and 2,417 enzyme measurements. Benign, transient hyperphosphatasemia is a rarely recognized clinical entity. Awareness of this condition should curtail the extensive evaluation that may follow the detection of such an abnormality.

(JAMA 1984;252:3289-3292)

REFERENCES

Keating FR Jr, Jones JD, Elveback LR, et al:  The relation of age and sex to distribution of values in healthy adults of serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, albumin, and blood urea . J Lab Clin Med 1969;;73:825-834.
McComb RB, Bowers GN Jr, Posen S (eds):  Clinical utilization of alkaline phosphatase measurements , in Alkaline Phosphatase . New York, Plenum Publishing Corp, 1979;, pp 525-549.
Fleisher GA, Eickelberg ES, Elveback LR:  Alkaline phosphatase activity in the plasma of children and adolescents . Clin Chem 1977;;23:469-472.
Whitaker KB, Whitby LG, Moss DW:  Activities of bone marrow and liver alkaline phosphatases in serum in health and disease . Clin Chim Acta 1977;;80:209-220.
PetitClerc C:  Quantitative fractionation of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes according to their thermostability . Clin Chem 1976;;22:42-48.
Neale FC, Clubb JS, Posen S:  Artificial elevation of the serum alkaline phosphatase concentration . Med J Aust 1963;;50:684.
Bach U:  Das Verhalten der alkalischen Serum-Phosphatase bei Frühgeborenen, Rachitikern und Spasmophilen . Ztschr Kinderh 1954;; 74:593-609.
Asanti R, Hultin H, Visakorpi JK:  Serum alkaline phosphatase in healthy infants: Occurrence of abnormally high values without known cause . Ann Paediat Fenn 1966;;12:139-142.
Posen S, Lee C, Vines R, et al:  Transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy—an insufficiently recognized syndrome . Clin Chem 1977;; 23:292-294.
Wieme RJ:  More on transient hyperphosphatasemia in infancy—an insufficiently recognized syndrome . Clin Chem 1978;;24:520-522.
Rang M:  The Ulysses syndrome . Can Med Assoc J 1972;;106:122-123.
Goldberg DM:  Diagnostic enzymology , in Gornall AG (ed): Applied Biochemistry of Clinical Disorders . New York, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1980;, p 29.
Morgenstern S, Kessler G, Auerbach J, et al:  An automated p-nitrophenylphosphate serum alkaline phosphatase procedure for the Auto-Analyzer . Clin Chem 1965;;11:876-888.
Mahy BWJ, Rowson KEK, Parr CW:  Studies on the mechanism of action of Riley virus: IV. The reticuloendothelial system and impaired plasma enzyme clearance in infected mice . J Exp Med 1967;;125:277-288.

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Keating FR Jr, Jones JD, Elveback LR, et al:  The relation of age and sex to distribution of values in healthy adults of serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, albumin, and blood urea . J Lab Clin Med 1969;;73:825-834.
McComb RB, Bowers GN Jr, Posen S (eds):  Clinical utilization of alkaline phosphatase measurements , in Alkaline Phosphatase . New York, Plenum Publishing Corp, 1979;, pp 525-549.
Fleisher GA, Eickelberg ES, Elveback LR:  Alkaline phosphatase activity in the plasma of children and adolescents . Clin Chem 1977;;23:469-472.
Whitaker KB, Whitby LG, Moss DW:  Activities of bone marrow and liver alkaline phosphatases in serum in health and disease . Clin Chim Acta 1977;;80:209-220.
PetitClerc C:  Quantitative fractionation of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes according to their thermostability . Clin Chem 1976;;22:42-48.
Neale FC, Clubb JS, Posen S:  Artificial elevation of the serum alkaline phosphatase concentration . Med J Aust 1963;;50:684.
Bach U:  Das Verhalten der alkalischen Serum-Phosphatase bei Frühgeborenen, Rachitikern und Spasmophilen . Ztschr Kinderh 1954;; 74:593-609.
Asanti R, Hultin H, Visakorpi JK:  Serum alkaline phosphatase in healthy infants: Occurrence of abnormally high values without known cause . Ann Paediat Fenn 1966;;12:139-142.
Posen S, Lee C, Vines R, et al:  Transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy—an insufficiently recognized syndrome . Clin Chem 1977;; 23:292-294.
Wieme RJ:  More on transient hyperphosphatasemia in infancy—an insufficiently recognized syndrome . Clin Chem 1978;;24:520-522.
Rang M:  The Ulysses syndrome . Can Med Assoc J 1972;;106:122-123.
Goldberg DM:  Diagnostic enzymology , in Gornall AG (ed): Applied Biochemistry of Clinical Disorders . New York, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1980;, p 29.
Morgenstern S, Kessler G, Auerbach J, et al:  An automated p-nitrophenylphosphate serum alkaline phosphatase procedure for the Auto-Analyzer . Clin Chem 1965;;11:876-888.
Mahy BWJ, Rowson KEK, Parr CW:  Studies on the mechanism of action of Riley virus: IV. The reticuloendothelial system and impaired plasma enzyme clearance in infected mice . J Exp Med 1967;;125:277-288.
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