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April 1, 1983, Vol 249, No. 13 >
ARTICLE | April 1, 1983

Ectopic Pregnancies in Upstate New York FREE

Donna M. Glebatis, MS; Dwight T. Janerich, DDS
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Diethylstilbestrol Program, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York State Department of Health, Tower Building, Room 565, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12237 (Ms Glebatis).


JAMA. 1983;249(13):1730-1735. doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03330370040028
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References

Data on ectopic pregnancies reported to the New York State Department of Health for upstate residents for the years 1971 through 1979 were analyzed by maternal age, race, and gravidity. Trends in the rate of ectopic pregnancies were also examined for this time period. The rate of ectopic pregnancies per 1,000 conceptions increased with increasing maternal age and was higher for nonwhite women compared with white women. There was a slight increase in the rate of ectopic pregnancies with increasing gravidity, but this was due in part to the interaction of age with gravidity. The rate of ectopic pregnancies per 1,000 conceptions increased by 217% from 1971 to 1979. This trend differed within subgroups of maternal age, race, and gravidity. The percentage of increase was greater for women 30 years of age or older compared with women 30 years of age or younger, greater for white women compared with nonwhite women, and greater for women with three or more previous pregnancies compared with women with fewer previous pregnancies.

(JAMA 1983;249:1730-1735)

REFERENCES

1 +
Erkkola R, Luikko P:  Intrauterine device and ectopic pregnancy . Contraception 1977;; 16:569-574.
2 +
Westrom L, Ph Bengtsson L, Amardh P:  Incidence, trends, and risks of ectopic pregnancy in a population of women . Br Med J 1981;; 282:15-18.
3 +
Beral V:  An epidemiologic study of recent trends in ectopic pregnancy . Br J Obstet Gynecol 1975;;82:775-782.
4 +
Urquhart J:  Effect of the venereal diseases epidemic on the incidence of ectopic pregnancy: Implications for the evaluation of contraceptives . Contraception 1979;;19:455-480.
5 +
Brenner PF, Roy S, Mishell DR:  Ectopic pregnancy a study of 300 consecutive surgically treated cases . JAMA 1980;;243:673-676.
6 +
Weekes ARL, Hutchins CJ:  Ectopic pregnancy: A five year review . Br J Clin Pract 1976;;30:104-106.
7 +
Burkman PT:  IUD use and risk of PID . Am J Obstet Gynecol 1980;;138:861-863.
8 +
Liukko P, Erkkola R, Laakso L:  Ectopic pregnancies during use of low-dose progestogens for oral contraception . Contraception 1977;; 16:575-580.
9 +
McCausland A:  High rate of ectopic pregnancy following laproscopic tubal coagulation failures . Obstet Gynecol 1980;;136:97-101.
10 +
Tatum HJ, Schmidt FH:  Contraceptive and sterilization practices and extrauterine pregnancy: A realistic perspective . Fertil Steril 1977;;28:407-421.
11 +
Hughes GJ:  Ectopic pregnancy after sterilization . Med J Aust 1980;;1:275.
12 +
Panayotou PP, Kaskarelis DB, Miettinen OS, et al:  Induced abortion and ectopic pregnancy . Obstet 1972;;114:507-510.
13 +
Daling JL, Emanuel I:  Induced abortion and subsequent outcome of pregnancy: A matched cohort study . Lancet 1975;;2:170-172.
14 +
McBain JC, Evans JH, Pepperell RJ:  An unexpectedly high rate of ectopic pregnancy following the induction of ovulation with human pituitary and chorionic gonadotrophin . Br J Obstet Gynecol 1980;;87:5-9.
15 +
Barnes AB, Colton T, Gunderson J, et al:  Fertility and outcome of pregnancy in women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol . N Engl J Med 1980;;302:609-613.
16 +
Mangan CE, Borow L, Burtnett-Rubin MM, et al:  Pregnancy outcome in 98 women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero, their mothers and exposed offspring . Obstet Gynecol 1982;;59:315-319.
17 +
Sivin I: Copper T:  IUD use and ectopic pregnancy rates in the United States . Contraception 1979;;19:151-173.
18 +
Ory HW:  Ectopic pregnancy and intrauterine contraceptive devices: New perspectives . Obstet Gynecol 1981;;57:137-144.
19 +
Westoff CF:  Trends in contraceptive practice: 1965-1973 . Fam Plann Perspect 1976;;8:54-57.
20 +
Ford K:  Contraceptive use in the United States, 1973-1976 . Fam Plann Perspect 1978;; 10:264-269.
21 +
Glebatis DM, Janerich DT:  A statewide approach to diethylstilbestrol: The New York program . N Engl J Med 1981;;304:47-50.
22 +
Zdeb MS, Therriault GD, Logrillo VM:  Cesarean sections in upstate New York, 1968-1978 . Am J Epidemiol 1980;;112:395-403.
23 +
Westrom L:  Effect of acute pelvic inflammatory disease on fertility . Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975;;121:707-713.

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1 +
Erkkola R, Luikko P:  Intrauterine device and ectopic pregnancy . Contraception 1977;; 16:569-574.
2 +
Westrom L, Ph Bengtsson L, Amardh P:  Incidence, trends, and risks of ectopic pregnancy in a population of women . Br Med J 1981;; 282:15-18.
3 +
Beral V:  An epidemiologic study of recent trends in ectopic pregnancy . Br J Obstet Gynecol 1975;;82:775-782.
4 +
Urquhart J:  Effect of the venereal diseases epidemic on the incidence of ectopic pregnancy: Implications for the evaluation of contraceptives . Contraception 1979;;19:455-480.
5 +
Brenner PF, Roy S, Mishell DR:  Ectopic pregnancy a study of 300 consecutive surgically treated cases . JAMA 1980;;243:673-676.
6 +
Weekes ARL, Hutchins CJ:  Ectopic pregnancy: A five year review . Br J Clin Pract 1976;;30:104-106.
7 +
Burkman PT:  IUD use and risk of PID . Am J Obstet Gynecol 1980;;138:861-863.
8 +
Liukko P, Erkkola R, Laakso L:  Ectopic pregnancies during use of low-dose progestogens for oral contraception . Contraception 1977;; 16:575-580.
9 +
McCausland A:  High rate of ectopic pregnancy following laproscopic tubal coagulation failures . Obstet Gynecol 1980;;136:97-101.
10 +
Tatum HJ, Schmidt FH:  Contraceptive and sterilization practices and extrauterine pregnancy: A realistic perspective . Fertil Steril 1977;;28:407-421.
11 +
Hughes GJ:  Ectopic pregnancy after sterilization . Med J Aust 1980;;1:275.
12 +
Panayotou PP, Kaskarelis DB, Miettinen OS, et al:  Induced abortion and ectopic pregnancy . Obstet 1972;;114:507-510.
13 +
Daling JL, Emanuel I:  Induced abortion and subsequent outcome of pregnancy: A matched cohort study . Lancet 1975;;2:170-172.
14 +
McBain JC, Evans JH, Pepperell RJ:  An unexpectedly high rate of ectopic pregnancy following the induction of ovulation with human pituitary and chorionic gonadotrophin . Br J Obstet Gynecol 1980;;87:5-9.
15 +
Barnes AB, Colton T, Gunderson J, et al:  Fertility and outcome of pregnancy in women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol . N Engl J Med 1980;;302:609-613.
16 +
Mangan CE, Borow L, Burtnett-Rubin MM, et al:  Pregnancy outcome in 98 women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero, their mothers and exposed offspring . Obstet Gynecol 1982;;59:315-319.
17 +
Sivin I: Copper T:  IUD use and ectopic pregnancy rates in the United States . Contraception 1979;;19:151-173.
18 +
Ory HW:  Ectopic pregnancy and intrauterine contraceptive devices: New perspectives . Obstet Gynecol 1981;;57:137-144.
19 +
Westoff CF:  Trends in contraceptive practice: 1965-1973 . Fam Plann Perspect 1976;;8:54-57.
20 +
Ford K:  Contraceptive use in the United States, 1973-1976 . Fam Plann Perspect 1978;; 10:264-269.
21 +
Glebatis DM, Janerich DT:  A statewide approach to diethylstilbestrol: The New York program . N Engl J Med 1981;;304:47-50.
22 +
Zdeb MS, Therriault GD, Logrillo VM:  Cesarean sections in upstate New York, 1968-1978 . Am J Epidemiol 1980;;112:395-403.
23 +
Westrom L:  Effect of acute pelvic inflammatory disease on fertility . Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975;;121:707-713.

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