0
February 26, 1982, Vol 247, No. 8 >
ARTICLE | February 26, 1982

Human Diploid Cell Rabies Vaccine: Title and subTitle BreakEffectiveness of Immunization With Small Intradermal or Subcutaneous Doses FREE

Kenneth W. Bernard, MD; Mark A. Roberts, PhD; John Sumner; William G. Winkler, DVM; Joe Mallonee, MPH; George M. Baer, DVM; Rube Chaney, RN
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Viral Diseases Division, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 (Dr Bernard).


JAMA. 1982;247(8):1138-1142. doi:10.1001/jama.1982.03320330034022
Text Size: A A A
Published online
Article
References

To determine antibody responses to small doses of human diploid cell rabies vaccine (HDCV), we determined rabies antibody titers in 124 volunteers who had been vaccinated with one of five primary preexposure regimens. In a sixth group of 47 persons previously vaccinated with duck embryo rabies vaccine (DEV), we evaluated the booster response after a 0.1-mL dose of intradermal (ID) HDCV. Persons in all five groups undergoing primary immunization received three doses of vaccine, one each on days 0, 7, and 28. The dose and route of vaccination for the five groups included 1 mL intramuscular (IM), 0.1 mL ID (two subgroups), 0.1 mL subcutaneous (SC), and 0.25 mL SC. Adequate titers developed in all persons, irrespective of the route or quantity of vaccine. The geometric mean titers (IU/mL) on day 49 in those receiving primary regimens were 12.87 (1.0 mL IM), 7.44 (0.1 mL ID by syringe), 3.05 (0.1 mL by jet injector), 3.17 (0.1 mL SC), and 6.47 (0.25 mL SC). Titers on day 90, while lower, were still acceptable. Adequate antibody titers developed in all persons previously vaccinated with DEV after a single 0.1-mL ID dose of HDCV; however, higher titers developed at day 7 in those who had shown an adequate response to DEV in the past. Results of this study suggest that HDCV may be used ID or SC for primary preexposure rabies prophylaxis and ID for booster immunization.

(JAMA 1982;247:1138-1142)

REFERENCES

1 +
 Recommendations of the Public Health Service, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices—Rabies, Centers for Disease Control . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:265-280.
2 +
Peck FB Jr, Kohlstaedt KC:  Pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis problems and procedures . Indust Med Surg 1964;;33:17-21.
3 +
Tierkel ES, Sikes RK:  Preexposure prophylaxis against rabies: Comparison of regimens . JAMA 1967;;201:911-914.
4 +
Morgan P, Willis R, Wood R, et al:  A comparison of pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis regimens using duck embryo vaccine . Bull Pan Am Health Organ 1978;;12:257-260.
5 +
Witkor TJ, Fernandez MV, Koprowski H:  Cultivation of rabies virus in human diploid cell strain WI-38 . J Immunol 1964;;93:353-366.
6 +
Cabasso VV, Dobkin MB, Roby RE, et al:  Antibody response to a human diploid cell rabies vaccine . Appl Microbiol 1974;;27:553-561.
7 +
Cabasso VJ, Louis RE, Lo B, et al:  Antibody levels following WI-38 rabies vaccine . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:231-235.
8 +
Cox JH, Kleitman W, Schneider LG:  Human rabies immunoprophylaxis using HDC (MRC-5) vaccine . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:105-108.
9 +
Costy-Berger F:  Vaccination antirabique preventive par due vaccine prepare sur cellules diploides humaines . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:101-104.
10 +
Kuwert EK, Marcus I, Hoher PG:  Neutralizing and complement-fixing antibody responses in pre- and post-exposure vaccinees to a rabies vaccine prepared in human diploid cells . J Biol Stand 1976;;4:249-262.
11 +
Martins JK, Roedl EA:  Medijector—a new method of corticosteroid-anesthetic delivery . JOM 1979;;21:821-824.
12 +
Smith JS, Yager PA, Baer GM:  A rapid reproducible test for determining rabies neutralizing antibody . Bull WHO 1973;;48:535-541.
13 +
Tint H, Rosanoff El:  Clinical response to T(N)BP-disrupted HDCV (WI-38) rabies vaccine . Dev Biol Stand 1977;;37:287-289.
14 +
Aoki FY, Tyrrell DAJ, Hill LE:  Immunogenicity and acceptability of a human diploid cell rabies vaccine in volunteers . Lancet 1975;; 1:660-662.
15 +
Turner GS, Aoki FY, Nicholson KG, et al:  Human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine: Rapid prophylactic immunization of volunteers with small doses . Lancet 1976;;1:1379-1381.
16 +
Cox JH, Schneider LG:  Prophylactic immunization of humans against rabies by intradermal inoculation of human diploid cell culture vaccine . J Clin Microbiol 1976;;3:96-101.
17 +
Nicholson KG, Turner GS, Aoki FY:  Immunization with a human diploid cell strain of rabies virus vaccine: Two-year results . J Infect Dis 1978;;137:783-788.
18 +
Nicholson KG, Turner GS:  Studies with human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine and human antirabies globulin in man . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:115-120.
19 +
Ajjan N, Soulebot JP, Triau R, et al:  Intradermal immunization with rabies vaccine: Inactivated Wistar strain cultivated in human diploid cells . JAMA 1980;;244:2528-2531.
20 +
Hafkin B, Hattwick MAW, Smith JS, et al:  A comparison of WI-38 vaccine and duck embryo vaccine for pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis . Am J Epidemiol 1978;;107:439-443.
21 +
Schnurrenberger PR, Bache WJ, Helwig JH:  Avian embryo immunization: III. Optimal site and timing of intradermal inoculations in pre-exposure regimens . Am J Epidemiol 1965;; 81:146-149.
22 +
Cohen D, Tierkel ES, Sikes RK:  Antibody response to rabies booster inoculation in prophylactically immunized human volunteers . Bull WHO 1964;;31:426-429.
23 +
Rosanoff E, Tint H:  Responses to human diploid cell rabies vaccine: Neutralizing antibody responses of vaccinees receiving booster doses of human diploid cell rabies vaccine . Am J Epidemiol 1979;;110:322-327.

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

Video

Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
 Recommendations of the Public Health Service, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices—Rabies, Centers for Disease Control . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:265-280.
2 +
Peck FB Jr, Kohlstaedt KC:  Pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis problems and procedures . Indust Med Surg 1964;;33:17-21.
3 +
Tierkel ES, Sikes RK:  Preexposure prophylaxis against rabies: Comparison of regimens . JAMA 1967;;201:911-914.
4 +
Morgan P, Willis R, Wood R, et al:  A comparison of pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis regimens using duck embryo vaccine . Bull Pan Am Health Organ 1978;;12:257-260.
5 +
Witkor TJ, Fernandez MV, Koprowski H:  Cultivation of rabies virus in human diploid cell strain WI-38 . J Immunol 1964;;93:353-366.
6 +
Cabasso VV, Dobkin MB, Roby RE, et al:  Antibody response to a human diploid cell rabies vaccine . Appl Microbiol 1974;;27:553-561.
7 +
Cabasso VJ, Louis RE, Lo B, et al:  Antibody levels following WI-38 rabies vaccine . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:231-235.
8 +
Cox JH, Kleitman W, Schneider LG:  Human rabies immunoprophylaxis using HDC (MRC-5) vaccine . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:105-108.
9 +
Costy-Berger F:  Vaccination antirabique preventive par due vaccine prepare sur cellules diploides humaines . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:101-104.
10 +
Kuwert EK, Marcus I, Hoher PG:  Neutralizing and complement-fixing antibody responses in pre- and post-exposure vaccinees to a rabies vaccine prepared in human diploid cells . J Biol Stand 1976;;4:249-262.
11 +
Martins JK, Roedl EA:  Medijector—a new method of corticosteroid-anesthetic delivery . JOM 1979;;21:821-824.
12 +
Smith JS, Yager PA, Baer GM:  A rapid reproducible test for determining rabies neutralizing antibody . Bull WHO 1973;;48:535-541.
13 +
Tint H, Rosanoff El:  Clinical response to T(N)BP-disrupted HDCV (WI-38) rabies vaccine . Dev Biol Stand 1977;;37:287-289.
14 +
Aoki FY, Tyrrell DAJ, Hill LE:  Immunogenicity and acceptability of a human diploid cell rabies vaccine in volunteers . Lancet 1975;; 1:660-662.
15 +
Turner GS, Aoki FY, Nicholson KG, et al:  Human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine: Rapid prophylactic immunization of volunteers with small doses . Lancet 1976;;1:1379-1381.
16 +
Cox JH, Schneider LG:  Prophylactic immunization of humans against rabies by intradermal inoculation of human diploid cell culture vaccine . J Clin Microbiol 1976;;3:96-101.
17 +
Nicholson KG, Turner GS, Aoki FY:  Immunization with a human diploid cell strain of rabies virus vaccine: Two-year results . J Infect Dis 1978;;137:783-788.
18 +
Nicholson KG, Turner GS:  Studies with human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine and human antirabies globulin in man . Dev Biol Stand 1978;;40:115-120.
19 +
Ajjan N, Soulebot JP, Triau R, et al:  Intradermal immunization with rabies vaccine: Inactivated Wistar strain cultivated in human diploid cells . JAMA 1980;;244:2528-2531.
20 +
Hafkin B, Hattwick MAW, Smith JS, et al:  A comparison of WI-38 vaccine and duck embryo vaccine for pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis . Am J Epidemiol 1978;;107:439-443.
21 +
Schnurrenberger PR, Bache WJ, Helwig JH:  Avian embryo immunization: III. Optimal site and timing of intradermal inoculations in pre-exposure regimens . Am J Epidemiol 1965;; 81:146-149.
22 +
Cohen D, Tierkel ES, Sikes RK:  Antibody response to rabies booster inoculation in prophylactically immunized human volunteers . Bull WHO 1964;;31:426-429.
23 +
Rosanoff E, Tint H:  Responses to human diploid cell rabies vaccine: Neutralizing antibody responses of vaccinees receiving booster doses of human diploid cell rabies vaccine . Am J Epidemiol 1979;;110:322-327.

Letters

Submit a Letter
CME Course for:


You need to register in order to view this quiz.


To understand the clinical management of acute heart failure syndromes.
Accreditation Information The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Physicians who complete the CME course and score at least 80% correct on the quiz are eligible for AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
You have not filled in all the answers to complete this quiz
The following questions were not answered:
Sorry, you have unsuccessfully completed this CME quiz with a score of
The following questions were not answered correctly:
For CME Course: A Proposed Model for Initial Assessment and Management of Acute Heart Failure Syndromes
Indicate what changes(s) you will implement in your practice, if any, based on this CME course.
To view and print your certificate and access a summary of your CME courses go to My CME.
NOTE:
Citing articles are presented as examples only. In non-demo SCM6 implementation, integration with CrossRef’s “Cited By” API will populate this tab (http://www.crossref.org/citedby.html).
Compression-Only CPR: Pushing the Science Forward
Cone
AAM 2010;304:1493-1495.
All you need to read in the other general journals
BMJ 2010;341:c5893-c1494.
Submit a Response

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging & repositioning the boxes below.

© 2012 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
Powered bySilverchair Information Systems