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February 26, 1982, Vol 247, No. 8 >
ARTICLE | February 26, 1982

Assessment of Susceptibility to Measles and Rubella FREE

Stephen R. Preblud, MD; Frank Gross, MD; Neal A. Halsey, MD; Alan R. Hinman, MD; Kenneth L. Herrmann, MD; Jeffrey P. Koplan, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Technical Information Services, Center for Prevention Services, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.


JAMA. 1982;247(8):1134-1137. doi:10.1001/jama.1982.03320330030021
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References

We conducted a serological and questionnaire study of 755 US Merchant Marine Academy cadets (aged 16 to 29 years) and their parents to determine the cadets' susceptibility rate to measles and rubella and to see if there was any difference in the accuracy of cadet and parental histories of previous infection and vaccination. Approximately 4% of the cadets were susceptible to measles and 17% were susceptible to rubella. Undocumented histories, regardless of the source, were of little value in predicting susceptibility. We also determined the costs and the effectiveness of three alternative strategies for vaccinating susceptible adolescents and young adults: (1) vaccinating all persons regardless of past history; (2) serologically screening all persons and vaccinating only those who were susceptible; and (3) vaccinating all individuals who do not have physician-documented proof of proper vaccination, past infection (measles only), or serological immunity. The cost savings among the three alternatives are dependent on the proportion of potential vaccinees with records available for review and must be balanced against the proportion of susceptible persons protected by each alternative. We also found that a combined vaccination program for both measles and rubella is less costly than a program aimed at providing immunity to only one of the two diseases.

(JAMA 1982;247:1134-1137)

REFERENCES

1 +
Hinman AR, Brandling-Bennett AD, Bernier RH, et al:  Current features of measles in the United States: Feasibility of measles elimination . Epidemiol Rev 1980;;2:153-170.
2 +
 Measles—United States, 1977-1980 . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:598-599.
3 +
Preblud SR, Serdula MK, Frank JA Jr, et al:  Rubella vaccination in the United States: A ten-year review . Epidemiol Rev 1980;;2:171-194.
4 +
 Rubella—United States, 1977-1980 . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:378-380.
5 +
Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Deseda-Tous J, et al:  Epidemic measles in young adults: Clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic studies . Ann Intern Med 1979;;90:873-876.
6 +
James JJ, Halvorson GW:  Measles-like disease and measles antibody titers in an adult population . Military Med 1979;;144:672-676.
7 +
Pollard RB, Edwards EA:  Epidemiologic survey of rubella in a military recruit population . Am J Epidemiol 1975;;101:431-437.
8 +
Polk BF, White JA, De Girolani PC, et al:  Outbreak of rubella among hospital personnel . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:541-545.
9 +
Black FL:  A nationwide screen survey of United States military recruits, 1962: III. Measles and mumps antibodies . Am J Hygiene 1964;;80:304-307.
10 +
Witte JJ, Karchmer AW, Case G, et al:  Epidemiology of rubella . Am J Dis Child 1969;; 118:107-111.
11 +
Orenstein WA, Irvin J, Jennings MR, et al:  Measles in a rural Ohio county . Am J Epidemiol 1980;;111:777-789.
12 +
Rubella Surveillance, January 1976 to December 1978 , Centers for Disease Control, publication No. (CDC) 80-8023. Government Printing Office, US Dept of Health and Human Services, (May) 1980;, pp 1-32.
13 +
 Measles vaccination reactions among college students—North Carolina, Massachusetts . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:549-551.
14 +
 Measles in Air Force recruits—Texas . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1979;;28:553-554.
15 +
 Rubella in Air Force recruits—Texas, 1977-1978 . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;; 28:73-75.
16 +
 Rubella outbreak in an office building— New Jersey . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:517-518.
17 +
 Measles prevention: Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1978;;27:427-430, 435-437.
18 +
 Rubella prevention: Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1981;;30:37-42, 47.
19 +
Lerman SJ, Lerman LM, Nankervis GA, et al:  Accuracy of rubella history . Ann Intern Med 1971;;74:97-98.
20 +
Gershon AA, Krugman S:  Measles virus , in Lennette EH, Schmidt NJ (eds): Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections . Washington, DC, American Public Health Association, 1979;, pp 665-693.
21 +
Herrmann KL:  Rubella virus , in Lennette EH, Schmidt NJ (eds): Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections . Washington, DC, American Public Health Association, 1979;, pp 725-766.
22 +
1974 Revision of the 1969 California Relative Value Studies . San Francisco, California Medical Association, 1974;.
23 +
Gaffney JC, Glandon GL (eds): Profile of Medical Practice . Chicago, American Medical Association, 1980;.
24 +
Leon CB, Rones PL: Employment and Unemployment During 1979: An Analysis, Special Labor Force report No. 234. Government Printing Office, US Dept of Labor, 1980.
25 +
Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1979, ed 100. Washington, DC, US Bureau of the Census, 1979.
26 +
Krugman S (ed):  Proceedings of the International Conference on Rubella Immunization . Am J Dis Child 1969;;118:3-410.
27 +
Krugman S, Giles JP, Jacobs M, et al:  Studies with a further attenuated live measlesvirus vaccine . Pediatrics 1963;;31:919-928.
28 +
Lerman SJ, Nankervis GA, Heggie AD, et al:  Immunologic response, virus excretion, and joint reactions with rubella vaccine: A study of adolescent girls and young women given live attenuated virus vaccine (HPV-77:DE-5) . Ann Intern Med 1971;;74:67-73.
29 +
Bass JW, Halstead SB, Fischer GW, et al:  Booster vaccination with further live attenuated measles vaccine . JAMA 1976;;235:31-34.
30 +
Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Naiditch MJ, et al:  Revaccination of previous recipients of killed measles vaccine: Clinical and immunologic studies . J Pediatr 1978;;93:565-576.
31 +
Halsey NA, Modlin JF, Jabbour JT, et al:  Risk factors in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: A case-control study . Am J Epidemiol 1980;;111:415-424.
32 +
Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Carney JM, et al:  Measles-specific lymphocyte reactivity and serum antibody in subjects with different measles histories . Am J Dis Child 1980;;134:567-571.

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1 +
Hinman AR, Brandling-Bennett AD, Bernier RH, et al:  Current features of measles in the United States: Feasibility of measles elimination . Epidemiol Rev 1980;;2:153-170.
2 +
 Measles—United States, 1977-1980 . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:598-599.
3 +
Preblud SR, Serdula MK, Frank JA Jr, et al:  Rubella vaccination in the United States: A ten-year review . Epidemiol Rev 1980;;2:171-194.
4 +
 Rubella—United States, 1977-1980 . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:378-380.
5 +
Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Deseda-Tous J, et al:  Epidemic measles in young adults: Clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic studies . Ann Intern Med 1979;;90:873-876.
6 +
James JJ, Halvorson GW:  Measles-like disease and measles antibody titers in an adult population . Military Med 1979;;144:672-676.
7 +
Pollard RB, Edwards EA:  Epidemiologic survey of rubella in a military recruit population . Am J Epidemiol 1975;;101:431-437.
8 +
Polk BF, White JA, De Girolani PC, et al:  Outbreak of rubella among hospital personnel . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:541-545.
9 +
Black FL:  A nationwide screen survey of United States military recruits, 1962: III. Measles and mumps antibodies . Am J Hygiene 1964;;80:304-307.
10 +
Witte JJ, Karchmer AW, Case G, et al:  Epidemiology of rubella . Am J Dis Child 1969;; 118:107-111.
11 +
Orenstein WA, Irvin J, Jennings MR, et al:  Measles in a rural Ohio county . Am J Epidemiol 1980;;111:777-789.
12 +
Rubella Surveillance, January 1976 to December 1978 , Centers for Disease Control, publication No. (CDC) 80-8023. Government Printing Office, US Dept of Health and Human Services, (May) 1980;, pp 1-32.
13 +
 Measles vaccination reactions among college students—North Carolina, Massachusetts . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:549-551.
14 +
 Measles in Air Force recruits—Texas . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1979;;28:553-554.
15 +
 Rubella in Air Force recruits—Texas, 1977-1978 . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;; 28:73-75.
16 +
 Rubella outbreak in an office building— New Jersey . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1980;;29:517-518.
17 +
 Measles prevention: Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1978;;27:427-430, 435-437.
18 +
 Rubella prevention: Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee . Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep 1981;;30:37-42, 47.
19 +
Lerman SJ, Lerman LM, Nankervis GA, et al:  Accuracy of rubella history . Ann Intern Med 1971;;74:97-98.
20 +
Gershon AA, Krugman S:  Measles virus , in Lennette EH, Schmidt NJ (eds): Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections . Washington, DC, American Public Health Association, 1979;, pp 665-693.
21 +
Herrmann KL:  Rubella virus , in Lennette EH, Schmidt NJ (eds): Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections . Washington, DC, American Public Health Association, 1979;, pp 725-766.
22 +
1974 Revision of the 1969 California Relative Value Studies . San Francisco, California Medical Association, 1974;.
23 +
Gaffney JC, Glandon GL (eds): Profile of Medical Practice . Chicago, American Medical Association, 1980;.
24 +
Leon CB, Rones PL: Employment and Unemployment During 1979: An Analysis, Special Labor Force report No. 234. Government Printing Office, US Dept of Labor, 1980.
25 +
Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1979, ed 100. Washington, DC, US Bureau of the Census, 1979.
26 +
Krugman S (ed):  Proceedings of the International Conference on Rubella Immunization . Am J Dis Child 1969;;118:3-410.
27 +
Krugman S, Giles JP, Jacobs M, et al:  Studies with a further attenuated live measlesvirus vaccine . Pediatrics 1963;;31:919-928.
28 +
Lerman SJ, Nankervis GA, Heggie AD, et al:  Immunologic response, virus excretion, and joint reactions with rubella vaccine: A study of adolescent girls and young women given live attenuated virus vaccine (HPV-77:DE-5) . Ann Intern Med 1971;;74:67-73.
29 +
Bass JW, Halstead SB, Fischer GW, et al:  Booster vaccination with further live attenuated measles vaccine . JAMA 1976;;235:31-34.
30 +
Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Naiditch MJ, et al:  Revaccination of previous recipients of killed measles vaccine: Clinical and immunologic studies . J Pediatr 1978;;93:565-576.
31 +
Halsey NA, Modlin JF, Jabbour JT, et al:  Risk factors in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: A case-control study . Am J Epidemiol 1980;;111:415-424.
32 +
Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Carney JM, et al:  Measles-specific lymphocyte reactivity and serum antibody in subjects with different measles histories . Am J Dis Child 1980;;134:567-571.

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