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ARTICLE |

Do Toxic Tetrapeptides Play a Role in Fatal Viral Diseases? FREE

Yechiel Becker, PhD
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JAMA. 1981;245(3):258-260. doi:10.1001/jama.1981.03310280034023
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CERTAIN viruses, such as the hemorrhagic fever viruses, arenaviruses, and togaviruses, are known to cause high mortality in human populations. Marburg and Ebola viruses cause death in most infected persons. During the smallpox era, there was a high fatality rate, and even today, more common viruses, such as influenza virus, can be fatal in young children and elderly people. Attempts to develop antiviral compounds have not as yet yielded a substance that can cure viral infections in the same way that antibiotics cure bacterial infections.

In virus diseases with a high mortality, little can be done to save the patients in view of the high pathogenicity and morbidity of the viruses. Analysis of the pathological findings in patients who died after a virus infection indicated that organs were affected in which virus multiplication did not take place. Patients who died of smallpox in the first week of illness often showed

REFERENCES

Burch GE, Giles TD:  The role of viruses in the production of heart disease . Am J Cardiol 1972;;29:231-240.
Lansdown ABG:  Viral infections and diseases of the heart . Prog Med Virol 1978;;24:70-113.
Goldfarb C, Weber P, Estes JE:  Characterization of circulating shock-induced cardiodepressant substances . Fed Proc 1978;;37:2724-2728.
Haglund U, Lundgren O:  Intestinal ischemia and shock factors . Fed Proc 1978;;37:2729-2733.
Lefer AM:  Properties of cardioinhibitory factors produced in shock . Fed Proc 1978;; 37:2734-2740.
Rogel S, Hilewitz H:  Cardiac impairment and shock factors . Fed Proc 1978;;37:2718-2723.
Altura BM, Hershey SG:  Acute intestinal ischemia shock and reticuloendothelial system function . J Reticuloendothel Soc 1971;;10:361-371.
Blattberg B, Frosolono MF, Misra RP, et al:  Purification of a reticuloendothelial system depressing substance produced in shock . J Reticuloendothel Soc 1972;;12:371-386.
Lefer AM, Blattberg B:  Comparison of the effects of two factors present in plasma of shocked animals . J Reticuloendothel Soc 1968;; 5:54-60.
Greene LJ, Shapanka R, Glenn TM, et al:  Isolation of myocardial depressant factor from plasma of dogs in hemorrhagic shock . Biochim Biophys Acta 1977;;491:275-285.
Horsfall FL, Tamm I (eds): Viral and Rickettsial Infections of Man , ed 4. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott Co, 1965;, pp 611, 617, 668, 704, 759, 823, 902, 941, 996.
Dietrich M, Schumacher HH, Peters D, et al:  Human pathology of Ebola (Maridi) virus infection in Sudan , in Pattyn SR (ed): Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever . Amsterdam, Elsevier/ North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1978;, pp 37-41.
Aram GN, Ghani AR, Srivastava RN:  Mumps myocarditis with cardiac failure: Preceding parotitis in two sisters . Indian Pediatr 1975;;12:1193-1194.
Levitt LP, Rich TA, Kinde SW, et al:  Central nervous system mumps: A review of 64 cases . Neurology 1970;;20:829-834.
Dubois-Dalcq M:  Pathology of measles virus infection of the nervous system: Comparison with multiple sclerosis . Int Rev Exp Pathol 1979;;19:101-135.
Finkel HE:  Measles myocarditis . Am Heart J 1964;;67:679-683.
Szirtes G, Csonka E, Lipcsak M:  Chromosome alterations in leukocytes from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patients . Nature 1969;;222:692-693.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

Burch GE, Giles TD:  The role of viruses in the production of heart disease . Am J Cardiol 1972;;29:231-240.
Lansdown ABG:  Viral infections and diseases of the heart . Prog Med Virol 1978;;24:70-113.
Goldfarb C, Weber P, Estes JE:  Characterization of circulating shock-induced cardiodepressant substances . Fed Proc 1978;;37:2724-2728.
Haglund U, Lundgren O:  Intestinal ischemia and shock factors . Fed Proc 1978;;37:2729-2733.
Lefer AM:  Properties of cardioinhibitory factors produced in shock . Fed Proc 1978;; 37:2734-2740.
Rogel S, Hilewitz H:  Cardiac impairment and shock factors . Fed Proc 1978;;37:2718-2723.
Altura BM, Hershey SG:  Acute intestinal ischemia shock and reticuloendothelial system function . J Reticuloendothel Soc 1971;;10:361-371.
Blattberg B, Frosolono MF, Misra RP, et al:  Purification of a reticuloendothelial system depressing substance produced in shock . J Reticuloendothel Soc 1972;;12:371-386.
Lefer AM, Blattberg B:  Comparison of the effects of two factors present in plasma of shocked animals . J Reticuloendothel Soc 1968;; 5:54-60.
Greene LJ, Shapanka R, Glenn TM, et al:  Isolation of myocardial depressant factor from plasma of dogs in hemorrhagic shock . Biochim Biophys Acta 1977;;491:275-285.
Horsfall FL, Tamm I (eds): Viral and Rickettsial Infections of Man , ed 4. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott Co, 1965;, pp 611, 617, 668, 704, 759, 823, 902, 941, 996.
Dietrich M, Schumacher HH, Peters D, et al:  Human pathology of Ebola (Maridi) virus infection in Sudan , in Pattyn SR (ed): Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever . Amsterdam, Elsevier/ North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1978;, pp 37-41.
Aram GN, Ghani AR, Srivastava RN:  Mumps myocarditis with cardiac failure: Preceding parotitis in two sisters . Indian Pediatr 1975;;12:1193-1194.
Levitt LP, Rich TA, Kinde SW, et al:  Central nervous system mumps: A review of 64 cases . Neurology 1970;;20:829-834.
Dubois-Dalcq M:  Pathology of measles virus infection of the nervous system: Comparison with multiple sclerosis . Int Rev Exp Pathol 1979;;19:101-135.
Finkel HE:  Measles myocarditis . Am Heart J 1964;;67:679-683.
Szirtes G, Csonka E, Lipcsak M:  Chromosome alterations in leukocytes from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patients . Nature 1969;;222:692-693.
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To understand the clinical management of acute heart failure syndromes.
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