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June 5, 1981, Vol 245, No. 21 >
ARTICLE | June 5, 1981

Immunology FREE

Robert A. Good, MD
JAMA. 1981;245(21):2197-2198. doi:10.1001/jama.1981.03310460049021
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References

To attempt to describe major advances in immunology in 1980 in a few words is to admit bias and forge ahead. Immunology is a surging fundamental discipline closely interactive with the clinic, and it is to be expected that fundamental advances will be quickly translated into improved understanding and treatment of disease.

Perhaps the most important advance during 1980 has been the great strides toward understanding the "miracle" of immunology. This is the miracle that has been described by Sir Peter Medawar in the following terms: "It is important to remember that a rabbit yet unborn will be able to make antibody to an antigen not yet synthesized."

Second, we have seen the harnessing of the new hybridoma technology for producing monoclonal antibodies to permit definition of human T-cell subpopulations. This same technology has permitted beginning analyses of cell-cell interactions and cellular differentiation in molecular terms, improved understanding of a

REFERENCES

1 +
Max EE, Seidman JG, Leder P:  Sequences of five potential recombination sites encoded close to an immunoglobulin κ constant region gene . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1979;;76:3450-3454.
2 +
Bernard 0, Hozumi N, Tonegawa S:  Sequences of mouse immunoglobulin-like chain genes before and after somatic change . Cell 1978;; 15:1133-1144.
3 +
Kataoka T, Kawakami T, Takahashi N, et al:  Rearrangement of immunoglobulin X, chain gene and mechanism for heavy-chain class switch . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;;77:919-923.
4 +
Early P, Huang H, Davis M, et al:  An immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region gene is generated from three segments of DNA: VH, D and JH . Cell 1980;;19:981-982.
5 +
Kisielow P, Hirst JA, Shiku H, et al:  Ly antigens as markers for functionally distinct subpopulations of thymus derived lymphocytes of the mouse . Nature 1975;;253:219-220.
6 +
Cantor H, Boyse EA:  Functional subclasses of T lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens: I. The generation of functionally distinct T cell subclasses as a differentiative process independent of antigen . J Exp Med 1975;;141:1376-1389.
7 +
Reinherz EL, Weiner HL, Hauser SL, et al:  Loss of suppressor T cells in active multiple sclerosis: Analysis with monoclonal antibodies . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:125-129.
8 +
Evans RL, Wall DW, Platsoucas CD, et al:  Thymus-dependent membrane antigens in man: inhibition of cell-mediated lympholysis by monoclonal antibodies to the TH2 antigen . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981;;78:544-548.
9 +
Wang CY, Good RA, Ammirati P, et al:  Identification of A p69, 71 complex expressed on human T cells sharing determinants with B-type chronic lymphatic leukemia cells . J Exp Med 1980;;151:1539-1544.
10 +
Ledbetter JA, Evans RL, Lipinski M, et al:  Evolutionary conservation of surface molecules that distinguish T lymphocyte helper/inducer and cytotoxic/suppressor subpopulations in mouse and man . J Exp Med 1981;;153:310-323.
11 +
Bernstein ID, Tam MR, Nowinski RC:  Mouse leukemia: Therapy with monoclonal antibodies against a thymus differentiation antigen . Science 1980;;207:68-71.
12 +
Olsson L, Kaplan HS:  Human-human hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies of predefined antigenic specificity . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;;77:5429-5431.
13 +
Good RA:  Anticipating the exciting future of immunology , in Bralow SP (ed): Basic Research and Clinical Medicine . New York, Hemisphere Publishing Corp, 1981;, pp 125-209.
14 +
O'Reilly RJ, Pahwa R, Sorell N, et al:  Transplantation of foetal liver and thymus in patients with severe combined immunodeficiencies , in Doria G, Eshkol A (eds): The Immune System: Functions and Therapy of Dysfunction: Proceedings of the Serono Symposium , vol 27. New York, Academic Press Inc, 1980;, pp 241-253.
15 +
Hansen JA, Clift RA, Thomas ED, et al:  Transplantation of marrow from an unrelated donor to a patient with acute leukemia . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:565-567.
16 +
Onoé K, Fernandes G, Good RA:  Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in fully allogeneic bone marrow chimera in mice . J Exp Med 1980;;151:115-132.
17 +
Onoé K, Yasumizu R, Oh-ishi T, et al:  Restricted antibody formation to SRBC of allogeneic bone marrow chimerae histoincompatible at the K end of the H-2 complex . J Exp Med , to be published.
18 +
Krown S, Coico R, Scheid MP, et al:  Immune function in fully allogeneic mouse bone marrow chimeras . Clin Immunol Immunopathol , to be published.
19 +
Reisner Y, Ravid A, Sharon N:  Use of soybean agglutinin for the separation of mouse B and T lymphocytes . Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976;;72:1585-1591.
20 +
Reisner Y, Ikehara S, Hodes MZ, et al:  Allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation using mouse spleen cells fractionated by lectins: In vitro study of cell fractions . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;;77:1164-1168.
21 +
Reisner Y, Kapoor N, O'Reilly RJ, et al:  Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation using stem cells fractionated by lectins: VI. In vitro analysis of human and monkey bone marrow cells fractionated by sheep red blood cells and soybean agglutinin . Lancet 1980;;2:1320-1324.
22 +
Dexter TM, Spooncer E:  Loss of immunoreactivity in long-term bone marrow culture . Nature 1978;;275:135-136.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Max EE, Seidman JG, Leder P:  Sequences of five potential recombination sites encoded close to an immunoglobulin κ constant region gene . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1979;;76:3450-3454.
2 +
Bernard 0, Hozumi N, Tonegawa S:  Sequences of mouse immunoglobulin-like chain genes before and after somatic change . Cell 1978;; 15:1133-1144.
3 +
Kataoka T, Kawakami T, Takahashi N, et al:  Rearrangement of immunoglobulin X, chain gene and mechanism for heavy-chain class switch . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;;77:919-923.
4 +
Early P, Huang H, Davis M, et al:  An immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region gene is generated from three segments of DNA: VH, D and JH . Cell 1980;;19:981-982.
5 +
Kisielow P, Hirst JA, Shiku H, et al:  Ly antigens as markers for functionally distinct subpopulations of thymus derived lymphocytes of the mouse . Nature 1975;;253:219-220.
6 +
Cantor H, Boyse EA:  Functional subclasses of T lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens: I. The generation of functionally distinct T cell subclasses as a differentiative process independent of antigen . J Exp Med 1975;;141:1376-1389.
7 +
Reinherz EL, Weiner HL, Hauser SL, et al:  Loss of suppressor T cells in active multiple sclerosis: Analysis with monoclonal antibodies . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:125-129.
8 +
Evans RL, Wall DW, Platsoucas CD, et al:  Thymus-dependent membrane antigens in man: inhibition of cell-mediated lympholysis by monoclonal antibodies to the TH2 antigen . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981;;78:544-548.
9 +
Wang CY, Good RA, Ammirati P, et al:  Identification of A p69, 71 complex expressed on human T cells sharing determinants with B-type chronic lymphatic leukemia cells . J Exp Med 1980;;151:1539-1544.
10 +
Ledbetter JA, Evans RL, Lipinski M, et al:  Evolutionary conservation of surface molecules that distinguish T lymphocyte helper/inducer and cytotoxic/suppressor subpopulations in mouse and man . J Exp Med 1981;;153:310-323.
11 +
Bernstein ID, Tam MR, Nowinski RC:  Mouse leukemia: Therapy with monoclonal antibodies against a thymus differentiation antigen . Science 1980;;207:68-71.
12 +
Olsson L, Kaplan HS:  Human-human hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies of predefined antigenic specificity . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;;77:5429-5431.
13 +
Good RA:  Anticipating the exciting future of immunology , in Bralow SP (ed): Basic Research and Clinical Medicine . New York, Hemisphere Publishing Corp, 1981;, pp 125-209.
14 +
O'Reilly RJ, Pahwa R, Sorell N, et al:  Transplantation of foetal liver and thymus in patients with severe combined immunodeficiencies , in Doria G, Eshkol A (eds): The Immune System: Functions and Therapy of Dysfunction: Proceedings of the Serono Symposium , vol 27. New York, Academic Press Inc, 1980;, pp 241-253.
15 +
Hansen JA, Clift RA, Thomas ED, et al:  Transplantation of marrow from an unrelated donor to a patient with acute leukemia . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:565-567.
16 +
Onoé K, Fernandes G, Good RA:  Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in fully allogeneic bone marrow chimera in mice . J Exp Med 1980;;151:115-132.
17 +
Onoé K, Yasumizu R, Oh-ishi T, et al:  Restricted antibody formation to SRBC of allogeneic bone marrow chimerae histoincompatible at the K end of the H-2 complex . J Exp Med , to be published.
18 +
Krown S, Coico R, Scheid MP, et al:  Immune function in fully allogeneic mouse bone marrow chimeras . Clin Immunol Immunopathol , to be published.
19 +
Reisner Y, Ravid A, Sharon N:  Use of soybean agglutinin for the separation of mouse B and T lymphocytes . Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976;;72:1585-1591.
20 +
Reisner Y, Ikehara S, Hodes MZ, et al:  Allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation using mouse spleen cells fractionated by lectins: In vitro study of cell fractions . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;;77:1164-1168.
21 +
Reisner Y, Kapoor N, O'Reilly RJ, et al:  Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation using stem cells fractionated by lectins: VI. In vitro analysis of human and monkey bone marrow cells fractionated by sheep red blood cells and soybean agglutinin . Lancet 1980;;2:1320-1324.
22 +
Dexter TM, Spooncer E:  Loss of immunoreactivity in long-term bone marrow culture . Nature 1978;;275:135-136.

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