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January 4, 1980, Vol 243, No. 1 >
ARTICLE | January 4, 1980

Transvenous Insertion of Double Sets of Permanent Electrodes: Title and subTitle BreakAtraumatic Technique for Atrial Synchronous and Atrioventricular Sequential Pacemakers FREE

Victor Parsonnet, MD; Roland Werres, MD; Trevor Atherley, MD; Philip O. Littleford, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

This article is one of a series sponsored by the American Heart Association.

Reprint requests to Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, 201 Lyons Ave, Newark, NJ 07112 (Dr Parsonnet).


JAMA. 1980;243(1):62-64. doi:10.1001/jama.1980.03300270050031
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References

ALTHOUGH less than 3% of pacemaker implants performed today make use of the atrium, now that new and stable atrial appendage electrodes are available and there is also a growing awareness of their physiological and clinical advantages, it seems likely that interest in atrial pacing will grow. This statement is corroborated (Michael Bilitch, MD; Seymour Furman, MD; Victor Parsonnet, MD: Four-year results of a National Pacemaker Registry, unpublished data, July 1974 to June 1978). Some enthusiasts estimate that the atrium will be used for various forms of pacing, eg, fixed rate atrial pacing (AOO); inhibitory atrial pacing (AAI); triggered atrial pacing (AAT); atrial synchronous pacing (VAT); and bifocal sequential demand pacing (DVI),1 in more than one half of the patients requiring pacemakers.2,3

Unfortunately, the operation for implanting two electrodes can be difficult and time-consuming, because two separate veins must be identified and mobilized. We have usually used a

REFERENCES

1 +
Parsonnet V, Furman S, Smyth NPD:  Implantable cardiac pacemakers: Status report and resource guidelines, Inter-Society Commission on Heart Disease Resources (ICHD) , abstracted. Circulation 50:21-35, 1974;.
2 +
Kleinert M:  Permanent atrial electrodes with special consideration to transvenous endocardial forms , in Thalen HJ Th, Harthorne JW (eds): To Pace or Not to Pace—Controversial Subjects on Cardiac Pacing . The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff Medical Division, 1977;, pp 162-174.
3 +
Ellestad MH, Messenger J, Greenberg P, et al:  The use of coronary sinus pacing , in Thalen HJ Th, Harthorne JW (eds): To Pace or Not to Pace—Controversial Subjects on Cardiac Pacing . The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff Medical Division, 1977;, pp 156-161.
4 +
Parsonnet V:  Techniques for implantation and replacement of permanent pacemakers , in Cohn LH (ed): Modern Technics in Surgery . Mount Kisco, NY, Futura Publishing Co Inc, 1979;.
5 +
Littleford PO, Spector DS:  Device for the rapid insertion of a permanent endocardial pacing electrode through the subclavian vein: Preliminary report . Ann Thorac Surg 27:265-269, 1979;.
6 +
Jachuck SJ, Gill BS, Petty AH:  Permanent cardiac pacing through the subclavian vein . Br J Surg 61:373, 1974;.
7 +
Friesen A, Klein GJ, Kostuk WJ, et al:  Percutaneous insertion of a permanent transvenous pacemaker electrode through the subclavian vein . Can J Surg 20:133, 1977;.
8 +
Littleford PO, Parsonnet V, Spector DS:  A method for the rapid and atraumatic insertion of permanent endocardial pacemaker electrodes through the subclavian vein . Am J Cardiol 49:980-982, 1979;.
9 +
Blanc JJ, Marsaud G, Granatelli D, et al:  Implantation des électrodes de stimulation définitive par la veine sous-clavière droite: Résultats à court et moyen termes . Arch Mal Coeur 1:82-85, 1979;.
10 +
Stoney WS, Addleston RB, Alford WC Jr, et al:  The incidence of venous thrombosis following long-term transvenous pacing . Ann Thorac Surg 22:166-170, 1976;.

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1 +
Parsonnet V, Furman S, Smyth NPD:  Implantable cardiac pacemakers: Status report and resource guidelines, Inter-Society Commission on Heart Disease Resources (ICHD) , abstracted. Circulation 50:21-35, 1974;.
2 +
Kleinert M:  Permanent atrial electrodes with special consideration to transvenous endocardial forms , in Thalen HJ Th, Harthorne JW (eds): To Pace or Not to Pace—Controversial Subjects on Cardiac Pacing . The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff Medical Division, 1977;, pp 162-174.
3 +
Ellestad MH, Messenger J, Greenberg P, et al:  The use of coronary sinus pacing , in Thalen HJ Th, Harthorne JW (eds): To Pace or Not to Pace—Controversial Subjects on Cardiac Pacing . The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff Medical Division, 1977;, pp 156-161.
4 +
Parsonnet V:  Techniques for implantation and replacement of permanent pacemakers , in Cohn LH (ed): Modern Technics in Surgery . Mount Kisco, NY, Futura Publishing Co Inc, 1979;.
5 +
Littleford PO, Spector DS:  Device for the rapid insertion of a permanent endocardial pacing electrode through the subclavian vein: Preliminary report . Ann Thorac Surg 27:265-269, 1979;.
6 +
Jachuck SJ, Gill BS, Petty AH:  Permanent cardiac pacing through the subclavian vein . Br J Surg 61:373, 1974;.
7 +
Friesen A, Klein GJ, Kostuk WJ, et al:  Percutaneous insertion of a permanent transvenous pacemaker electrode through the subclavian vein . Can J Surg 20:133, 1977;.
8 +
Littleford PO, Parsonnet V, Spector DS:  A method for the rapid and atraumatic insertion of permanent endocardial pacemaker electrodes through the subclavian vein . Am J Cardiol 49:980-982, 1979;.
9 +
Blanc JJ, Marsaud G, Granatelli D, et al:  Implantation des électrodes de stimulation définitive par la veine sous-clavière droite: Résultats à court et moyen termes . Arch Mal Coeur 1:82-85, 1979;.
10 +
Stoney WS, Addleston RB, Alford WC Jr, et al:  The incidence of venous thrombosis following long-term transvenous pacing . Ann Thorac Surg 22:166-170, 1976;.

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