This article is one of a series sponsored by the American Heart Association, edited by C. Richard Conti, MD.
Reprint requests to Wadsworth Veterans Administration Medical Center (691/111E), Wilshire and Sawtelle Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 (Dr Shah).
HYPERTROPHIC obstructive cardiomyopathy is a form of primary myocardial disease with a characteristic clinical and pathological expression. The disorder is referred to by several names. Braunwald and associates1 introduced and popularized the term "idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis" in the United States, Wigle and associates2 coined the term "muscular subaortic stenosis" in Canada, while in Europe it is generally referred to as hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), following the lead of Goodwin and associates3 at the Royal Postgraduate School of Medicine in London.
A term that includes subaortic stenosis is unfortunate, since the disorder may be expressed without left ventricular outflow obstruction and since patients have been described as having isolated infundibular subpulmonic stenosis. It is more accurate and potentially less confusing to refer to the disorder as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and add the word "obstructive" if either left or right ventricular outflow obstruction can be demonstrated.4 The historical aspects of
Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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