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March 2, 1979, Vol 241, No. 9 >
ARTICLE | March 2, 1979

Alveolar Hydatid Disease in Minnesota: Title and subTitle BreakFirst Human Case Acquired in the Contiguous United States FREE

William G. Gamble, MD; Martin Segal, MD; Peter M. Schantz, VMD, PhD; Robert L. Rausch, DVM, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Parasitic Diseases Division, Bureau of Epidemiology, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 (Dr Schantz).


JAMA. 1979;241(9):904-907. doi:10.1001/jama.1979.03290350024014
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References

A 56-year-old woman from southwestern Minnesota underwent an extended left hepatic lobectomy to remove a large multinodular mass with a necrotic central cavity. The clinical, serological, and pathological findings led to the diagnosis of alveolar hydatid disease, and specific identification of Echinococcus multilocularis was achieved by growing mature larvas in voles inoculated intraperitoneally with tissue from the hepatic lesions. The patient probably acquired her infection some years previously from pet cats or dogs that had become infected by ingesting infected rodents. In North America E multilocularis is enzootic in the northern tundra zone of Alaska and Canada. Since 1964 the cestode has been recognized with increasing frequency in several north-central states, including Minnesota. The parasite may extend its range farther south, since suitable animal hosts occur throughout the United States.

(JAMA 241:904-907, 1979)

REFERENCES

1 +
Rausch RL:  Taeniidae , in Hubbert WT, McCulloch WF, Schnurrenberger PR (eds): Diseases Transmitted from Animals to Man , ed 6. Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publishers, 1975;, pp 678-707.
2 +
Rausch RL, Wilson JF:  Rearing of the adult Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863, from sterile larvae from man . Am J Trop Med Hyg 22:357-360, 1973;.
3 +
Weinberg T:  Echinococcus alveolaris infection of the human liver . J Mt Sinai Hosp 13:331-335, 1947;.
4 +
LaFond DJ, Thatcher DS, Handeyside RG:  Alveolar hydatid disease . JAMA 186:35-37, 1963;.
5 +
Schantz PM, von Reyn CF, Welty T, et al:  Echinococcosis in Arizona and New Mexico: Survey of hospital records, 1969-1974 . Am J Trop Med Hyg 25:312-317, 1976;.
6 +
Bekhti A, Schaaps JP, Capron M, et al:  Treatment of hepatic hydatid disease with mebendazole: Preliminary results in four cases . Br Med J 2:1047-1051, 1977;.
7 +
Wilson JF, Davidson M, Rausch RL:  A clinical trial of mebondazole in the treatment of alveolar hydatid disease . Am Rev Respir Dis 118:747-757, 1978;.
8 +
Leiby PD, Olsen OW:  The cestode Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes in North Dakota . Science 145:1066, 1964;.
9 +
Leiby PD, Carney WP, Woods CE:  Studies on sylvatic echinococcosis: III. Host occurrence and geographic distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in the north central United States . J Parasitol 56:1141-1150, 1970;.
10 +
Rausch RL, Richards SH:  Observations on parasite host relationships of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863, in North Dakota . Can J Zool 49:1317-1330, 1971;.
11 +
Carney WP, Leiby PD:  Echinococcus multilocularis in Peromyscus maniculatus and Vulpes vulpes from Minnesota . J Parasitol 54:714, 1968;.
12 +
Seesee FM, Worley DE: The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 (Cestoda:Taeniidae) in the red fox , Vulpes vulpes L., in southwestern Montana, abstract 49. 51st Annual Meeting of American Society of Parasitology, San Antonio, (Aug 23) -27, 1976;.
13 +
Kritsky DC, Leiby PD, Miller GE:  The natural occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis in the bushy-tailed woodrat, Neotoma cinera rupicola, in Wyoming . Am J Trop Med Hyg 26:1046-1047, 1977;.
14 +
Leiby PD, Lubinsky G, Galaugher W:  Studies on sylvatic echinococcosis: II. The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Manitoba . Can J Zool 47:135-138, 1969;.
15 +
Lee CF:  Larval Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in the southern interlake area in Manitoba . Can J Zool 47:733-734, 1969;.
16 +
Baron RW:  The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 and of other helminths in the red fox, Vulpes vulpes, in southern Manitoba . Can J Zool 48:1132, 1970;.
17 +
Hnatiuk JM:  First occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Microtus pennsylvanicus in Saskatchewan . Can J Zool 44:493, 1966;.
18 +
Hnatiuk JM:  Occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Vulpes fulva in Saskatchewan . Can J Zool 47:264, 1969;.
19 +
Wobeser G:  The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis (Leuckart, 1863) in cats near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan . Can Vet J 12:65-68, 1971;.
20 +
Holmes JC, Mahrt JL, Samuel WM:  The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Alberta . Can J Zool 49:575-576, 1961;.
21 +
Rausch RL:  On the ecology and distribution of Echinococcus spp. (Cestoda:Taeniidae), and characteristics of their development in the intermediate host . Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 42:19-63, 1967;.
22 +
James E, Boyd W:  Echinococcus alveolaris . Can Med Assoc J 36:354-356, 1937;.
23 +
Erickson AB:  Parasites of some Minnesota Cricetidae and Zapodidae, and a host catalogue of helminth parasites of native American mice . Am Midlands Naturalist 20:575-589, 1938;.
24 +
Erickson AB:  Helminths of Minnesota Canidae in relation to food habits, and a host list and key to the species reported from North America . Am Midlands Naturalist 32:358-372, 1944;.
25 +
Riley WA:  Reservoirs of Echinococcus in Minnesota . Minn Med 16:744-745, 1933;.
26 +
Rausch R, Schiller EL:  Studies on the helminth fauna of Alaska: XXV. The ecology and public health significance of Echinococcus sibiricensis Rausch and Schiller, 1954, on St. Lawrence Island . Parasitology 46:395-419, 1956;.
27 +
Leiby PD, Kritsky DC:  Echinococcus multilocularis: A possible domestic life cycle in central North America and its public health implications . J Parasitol 58:1213-1215, 1972;.

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1 +
Rausch RL:  Taeniidae , in Hubbert WT, McCulloch WF, Schnurrenberger PR (eds): Diseases Transmitted from Animals to Man , ed 6. Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publishers, 1975;, pp 678-707.
2 +
Rausch RL, Wilson JF:  Rearing of the adult Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863, from sterile larvae from man . Am J Trop Med Hyg 22:357-360, 1973;.
3 +
Weinberg T:  Echinococcus alveolaris infection of the human liver . J Mt Sinai Hosp 13:331-335, 1947;.
4 +
LaFond DJ, Thatcher DS, Handeyside RG:  Alveolar hydatid disease . JAMA 186:35-37, 1963;.
5 +
Schantz PM, von Reyn CF, Welty T, et al:  Echinococcosis in Arizona and New Mexico: Survey of hospital records, 1969-1974 . Am J Trop Med Hyg 25:312-317, 1976;.
6 +
Bekhti A, Schaaps JP, Capron M, et al:  Treatment of hepatic hydatid disease with mebendazole: Preliminary results in four cases . Br Med J 2:1047-1051, 1977;.
7 +
Wilson JF, Davidson M, Rausch RL:  A clinical trial of mebondazole in the treatment of alveolar hydatid disease . Am Rev Respir Dis 118:747-757, 1978;.
8 +
Leiby PD, Olsen OW:  The cestode Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes in North Dakota . Science 145:1066, 1964;.
9 +
Leiby PD, Carney WP, Woods CE:  Studies on sylvatic echinococcosis: III. Host occurrence and geographic distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in the north central United States . J Parasitol 56:1141-1150, 1970;.
10 +
Rausch RL, Richards SH:  Observations on parasite host relationships of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863, in North Dakota . Can J Zool 49:1317-1330, 1971;.
11 +
Carney WP, Leiby PD:  Echinococcus multilocularis in Peromyscus maniculatus and Vulpes vulpes from Minnesota . J Parasitol 54:714, 1968;.
12 +
Seesee FM, Worley DE: The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 (Cestoda:Taeniidae) in the red fox , Vulpes vulpes L., in southwestern Montana, abstract 49. 51st Annual Meeting of American Society of Parasitology, San Antonio, (Aug 23) -27, 1976;.
13 +
Kritsky DC, Leiby PD, Miller GE:  The natural occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis in the bushy-tailed woodrat, Neotoma cinera rupicola, in Wyoming . Am J Trop Med Hyg 26:1046-1047, 1977;.
14 +
Leiby PD, Lubinsky G, Galaugher W:  Studies on sylvatic echinococcosis: II. The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Manitoba . Can J Zool 47:135-138, 1969;.
15 +
Lee CF:  Larval Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in the southern interlake area in Manitoba . Can J Zool 47:733-734, 1969;.
16 +
Baron RW:  The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 and of other helminths in the red fox, Vulpes vulpes, in southern Manitoba . Can J Zool 48:1132, 1970;.
17 +
Hnatiuk JM:  First occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Microtus pennsylvanicus in Saskatchewan . Can J Zool 44:493, 1966;.
18 +
Hnatiuk JM:  Occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Vulpes fulva in Saskatchewan . Can J Zool 47:264, 1969;.
19 +
Wobeser G:  The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis (Leuckart, 1863) in cats near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan . Can Vet J 12:65-68, 1971;.
20 +
Holmes JC, Mahrt JL, Samuel WM:  The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in Alberta . Can J Zool 49:575-576, 1961;.
21 +
Rausch RL:  On the ecology and distribution of Echinococcus spp. (Cestoda:Taeniidae), and characteristics of their development in the intermediate host . Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 42:19-63, 1967;.
22 +
James E, Boyd W:  Echinococcus alveolaris . Can Med Assoc J 36:354-356, 1937;.
23 +
Erickson AB:  Parasites of some Minnesota Cricetidae and Zapodidae, and a host catalogue of helminth parasites of native American mice . Am Midlands Naturalist 20:575-589, 1938;.
24 +
Erickson AB:  Helminths of Minnesota Canidae in relation to food habits, and a host list and key to the species reported from North America . Am Midlands Naturalist 32:358-372, 1944;.
25 +
Riley WA:  Reservoirs of Echinococcus in Minnesota . Minn Med 16:744-745, 1933;.
26 +
Rausch R, Schiller EL:  Studies on the helminth fauna of Alaska: XXV. The ecology and public health significance of Echinococcus sibiricensis Rausch and Schiller, 1954, on St. Lawrence Island . Parasitology 46:395-419, 1956;.
27 +
Leiby PD, Kritsky DC:  Echinococcus multilocularis: A possible domestic life cycle in central North America and its public health implications . J Parasitol 58:1213-1215, 1972;.

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